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If your system appears to have problems starting up, follow the steps in this chapter to help identify the problem and isolate the problem source.
This chapter includes the following sections:
Regardless of whether you locate the source of your problem, contact a Cisco customer service representative for information on how to proceed. Before you call technical support, have the following information ready:
When problem solving, consider the following subsystems of the Cisco ONS 15104:
Instructions for troubleshooting these systems are covered in the following sections.
After you install and configure the Cisco ONS 15104, you can use the following commands in user EXEC mode to verify network connectivity:
If there is a problem with network connectivity, refer to the "Cisco ONS 15104 Alarms and Alerts" section.
The LEDs provide the activity status of the interfaces to which they correspond. If an LED is not on when the interface is active and the interface is correctly connected, this may indicate a problem. If an interface is extremely busy, its LED will always be on. See Figure A-1 for locations of the LEDs on the Cisco ONS 15104.
Table A-1 shows the types of LEDs that will display on the front of the Cisco ONS 15104
when you boot up.
Indicator | Quality | System Ready | System Fail | Description |
---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Green | OFF | Traffic on ethernet port | |
1 | Green | OFF | Data sent/received on console port | |
2 | Green | OFF | Cisco ONS 15104 is receiving SONET/SDH frames correctly. | |
1 | Off | Red | Software controlled by decoder | |
1 | Green | OFF/Flashing | Software controlled by decoder | |
1 | Green | OFF | Main power supply okay |
If the SONET Rx LED is not illuminated, verify the following conditions:
To verify that the Cisco ONS 15104 is connected correctly, perform the following procedure:
Step 2 When the reinitialization is complete, verify that the System Ready LED on the
Cisco ONS 15104 is on and remains on.
Upon startup, if a failure occurs, the red system failure LED will come on, and the green system ready LED will flash to indicate that a failure has occurred.
Step 3 Verify the temperature of the Cisco ONS 15104's location.
If the Cisco IOS software detects an over temperature condition, the system fail LED will light up. The over temperature shutdown alarm is enabled when the operating temperature exceeds 32 to 104ºF (0 to 40ºC). (For details, see the following section "Troubleshooting the Power and Cooling Systems.")
Step 4 Check to see if any voltage-related alarms were reported. (See the "Cisco ONS 15104 Alarms and Alerts" section.)
Step 5 Use the show interfaces command to verify the status of the Cisco ONS 15104's network interfaces. (If the interface is not configured, you must use the procedures in "Configuring the Cisco ONS 15104.")
Step 6 Use the show controller regen x (x=0 or 1) command to check the SONET/SDH alarms. The LOS alarm means that there is no signal on the fiber line or that the fiber is not connected, and it will cause the SONET Rx green LED to turn off.
If an error message displays on the console terminal, refer to the appropriate reference publication for error message definitions for your release of Cisco IOS software. If you experience other problems that you are unable to solve, contact a Cisco customer service representative for assistance.
Check the following items to help isolate the problem:
Check for the following symptoms to help isolate the problem:
All status and alarm reports of the Cisco ONS 15104's receiving controller are from the receiving (Rx) fiber-optic connector side. Commands operating on the transmitting controller affect the transmitting (Tx) fiber-optic connector side. All of the error messages listed in this section are captured in the system log (Syslog) file as part of the console output. Alarm notifications are automatically sent to the network management system.
Error Message
SONET-4-ALARM: Regen 0: Rx Clock FailExplanation Framer does not see activity on the Rx clock extracted from the received signal.
Recommended Action Hardware failure. Replace the Cisco ONS 15104.
Error Message
SONET-4-ALARM: Regen 0: SLOSExplanation Framer does not detect a signal on receive fiber (all-ones/zeros).
Recommended Action Clean the fiber, check the power levels of the optical line and, if out of specified range, (as indicated in Table 1-1) check the upstream equipment or fiber cable.
Error Message
SONET-4-ALARM: Regen 0: SLOFExplanation Framer cannot lock onto incoming signal frame.
Recommended Action Clean the fiber, check the power levels of the optical line and, if out of specified range, (as indicated in Table 1-1) check the upstream equipment or fiber cable.
Error Message
SONET-4-ALERT: Regen 0: B1 BER exceeds thresholdExplanation The B1 parity error count is higher than the provisioned threshold.
Recommended Action Clean the fiber, check the power levels of the optical line and, if out of specified range, (as indicated in Table 1-1) check the upstream equipment or fiber cable.
Error Message
REGEN_ENV-2- WARNING: Hot sensor temperature at xx deg CExplanation The temperature sensor on the card indicates a temperature reading that is higher than 32 to 104ºF (0 to 40ºC).
Recommended Action Verify the environmental conditions of the Cisco ONS 15104 and lower the temperature of the Cisco ONS 15104's surroundings.
Error Message REGEN_ENV-4-ALARM: xV PUP fail
Explanation Monitored power unit (x Volt) failed.
Recommended Action Hardware failure. Replace the Cisco ONS 15104.
For more information on troubleshooting, contact Cisco Technical Support. See the "Service and Support" section in the Preface.
This section explains how to recover the following types of passwords:
The key to recovering a lost enable-level password is to set the configuration register so that the contents of NVRAM are ignored (0x142), which allows you to see your password. The enable secret password is encrypted and cannot be recovered; it must be replaced. The enable and console passwords might be encrypted or clear text.
To recover a lost password, take the following steps:
Step 2 Connect a terminal to the console port on the front panel of the Cisco ONS 15104. Make sure the terminal is configured to operate at 9600 Kpbs, 8 data bits, no parity, 2 stop bits.
Step 3 Enter the show version command to display the existing configuration register value. The configuration register value is on the last line of the display. Note whether the configuration register is set to enable Break or disable Break.
The factory-default configuration register value is 0x2102. Notice that the third digit from the right in 0x2102 is 1, which disables Break. If the third digit is not 1, Break is enabled.
Step 4 If the configuration register is set to disable Break:
rommon # >reset
rommon # >
Step 5 Enter privileged EXEC mode, then enter the show startup-config command to display the passwords in the configuration file, as in the following example:
Regen> enable password
coins
Regen#
show startup-config
Step 6 Scan the configuration file displayed for the passwords (the enable and enable secret passwords are usually near the beginning of the file, but the console password is near the end of the file).
An example of the display follows:
Regen# enable secret
x xyxyxyxyxyxyxyxyxyxyxyxyxyx
Regen# enable password
coins
.
.
line con 0
password coins
Proceed to Step 8 to replace an enable secret, console, or enable password. If there is no enable secret password, note the enable and console passwords, if they are not encrypted, and proceed to Step 9.
![]() | Caution Do not take the next three steps unless you determine that you must change or replace the enable, enable secret, or console passwords. Failure to follow the steps as shown might cause you to erase the configuration on the Cisco ONS 15104. |
Step 7 Change only the passwords that are necessary for your configuration. The following example shows how to change all three types of passwords in global configuration mode. The first two lines show how to change the enable secret and enable passwords. The last two lines show how to change the console password.
Regen#
configure terminal
Regen(config)#
enable secret x xyxyxyxyxyxyxyxyxyxyxyxyxyx
Regen(config)#
enable password xyxy
Regen(config)#
line con 0
Regen(config-line)#
password con1
Regen(config-line)#
exit
Regen(config)#
For maximum security, be sure the enable secret and enable passwords are different. You can remove individual passwords by using the no form of these commands. For example, enter the no enable secret command to remove the enable secret password.
Step 8 Configure all interfaces to be administratively up.
In the following example, you must enter the no shutdown command to ensure that the Ethernet 0 port is configured to be administratively up:
Regen(config)#
interface ethernet 0
Regen(config-if)#
no shutdown
Enter the equivalent commands for all interfaces that were originally configured.
Step 9 Set the configuration register to the original value you noted in Step 3 or the factory-default value (0x2102).
The following example shows how to set the configuration register to the factory-default value:
Regen(config-if)#
config-register 0x2102
Regen(config-if)#
Step 10 Enter end to exit a configuration mode.
Regen(config-if)#
end
Regen#
![]() | Caution Do not take the next three steps unless you changed or replaced a password, or you might erase your Cisco ONS 15104 configuration. If there is no enable secret password (or if you skipped Step 7 through Step 8), proceed to Step 14 and log in. |
Step 11 Enter the copy running-config startup-config command to save the new configuration to NVRAM.
This command copies the changes you just made to the running configuration to the startup configuration. The following message appears:
Regen# copy running-config startup-config
Building configuration...
[OK]
Regen#
Step 12 Reboot the Cisco ONS 15104:
Regen# reload
Proceed with reload? [confirm]
Step 13 Press Return to confirm.
When the Cisco ONS 15104 reboots it will use the new configuration register value you set in Step 9.
Step 14 Log in to the Cisco ONS 15104 with the new or recovered password.
This section describes six methods that you can use to download Cisco IOS software images in ROM monitor mode:
If the Ethernet port is configured, you can download a Cisco IOS software image in privileged EXEC mode from a local TFTP server.
Regen# configure terminal
Regen (config)# boot system tftp filename ipaddress
Regen (config)# Ctrl-Z or exit
Regen# copy running-config startup-config
Building configuration ...
[OK]
Regen#
The following sections describe the commands used to enter ROM monitor mode automatically or manually. You can also increase the baud rate to increase the downloading process time.
You can configure Cisco IOS software to automatically enter the ROM monitor mode the next time the Cisco ONS 15104 boots by setting virtual configuration register bits 3, 2, 1, and 0 to zero. From the console port, enter the following configuration command starting in privileged EXEC mode:
Router# configure terminal
Router(config)# config-register 0x0
Router(config)# exit
Router# copy running-config start-config
To enter ROM monitor mode:
Router#
reload
Step 2 Press the <Break> key during the first 60 seconds while the system is booting to force the Cisco ONS 15104 to stop booting and enter the ROM monitor mode.
Step 3 To verify that you are in the ROM monitor mode, check that the prompt displayed on your screen is the ROM monitor mode prompt:
rommon # >
The #
sign is the line number and increases incrementally at each prompt. The > sign is the prompt.
The new configuration register value, 0x0, becomes effective after you restart the
Cisco ONS 15104 with the reload command. The Cisco ONS 15104 remains in the ROM monitor mode and does not boot the operating system. As long as the configuration register value remains 0x0, you must manually boot the operating system from the console. See the previous section "Entering ROM Monitor Mode Automatically" to change the configuration register value.
Enter the query command ? or help at the ROM monitor mode prompt to display a list of available commands. For example:
rommon 1 > ?
alias set and display aliases command
boot boot up an external process
break set/show/clear the breakpoint
confreg configuration register utility
cont continue executing a downloaded image
context display the context of a loaded image
cookie display contents of cookie PROM in hex
dev list the device table
dir list files in the file system
dis display instruction stream
dnld serial download a program module
frame print out a selected stack frame
help monitor builtin command help
history monitor command history
meminfo main memory information
repeat repeat a monitor command
reset system reset
set display the monitor variables
stack produce a stack trace
sync write monitor environment to NVRAM
sysret print out info from last system return
tftpdnld tftp image download
unalias unset an alias
unset unset a monitor variable
xmodem x/ymodem image download
rommon 2 >
The console port default parameters are 9600 bps, 8 data bits, no parity, 2 stop bits. After the Ethernet port is configured, it only takes only 5 to 10 seconds to download the software using TFTP commands.
Table A-2 shows the downloading speed for the console port or the Ethernet port.
Cisco ONS 15104 Interface | Baud Rate | Time Length |
---|---|---|
9600 bps | 30 to 40 minutes | |
Console port | 115200 bps | 6 minutes |
Ethernet port (configured) | 9600 bps | 5 to 10 seconds |
To temporarily increase the baud rate to 115200 bps and thereby decrease the downloading time:
rommon 1 > confreg
Configuration Summary
enabled are:
break/abort has effect
console baud:9600
boot:the ROM Monitor
do you wish to change the configuration? y/n [n]: y
enable "diagnostic mode"? y/n [n]:
enable "use net in IP bcast address"? y/n [n]:
enable "load rom after netboot fails"? y/n [n]:
enable "use all zero broadcast"? y/n [n]:
disable "break/abort has effect"? y/n [n]:
enable "ignore system config info"? y/n [n]:
change console baud rate? y/n [n]: y
change the boot characteristics? y/n [n]:
After you answer yes to the prompt to change the console baud rate, a list of different console baud speeds displays on the screen. Choose the 115200 baud rate.
Configuration Summary
enabled are:
break/abort has effect
console baud:115200
boot:the ROM Monitor
do you wish to change the configuration? y/n [n]:
Step 2 Download a Cisco IOS software image using one of the options described in this section.
Step 3 Reset the baud rate to the default parameters by entering the previously shown confreg command in Step 1.
The following section describes how to download a Cisco IOS software image through the
Cisco ONS 15104's Ethernet port by:
or
You can download a Cisco IOS software image from a server that is accessible through the Ethernet port. Use the tftpdnld command to download the Cisco IOS software image into Flash memory.
To configure the Cisco ONS 15104 to download images:
Step 2 Connect the opposite end of the Ethernet cable to the Ethernet port on the
Cisco ONS 15104.
Step 3 In ROM monitor mode, enter the tftpdnld command to download a Cisco IOS software image from a remote server accessible from the Ethernet network:
rommon # > tftpdnld flash <filename> (copies to flash)
or
rommon # > tftpdnld -r (copies to RAM)
where
The tftpdnld command requires that you specify certain variables when you issue the command. The syntax for specifying a variable is:
VARIABLE_NAME=value
The variables that you must specify include the following:
The following tftpdnld command variables are optional:
Do you wish to continue? y/n:
After you specify the variables, you must reenter the tftpdnld command. For example:
rommon 1 > IP_ADDRESS=172.15.19.11
rommon 2 > IP_SUBNET_MASK=255.255.255.0
rommon 3 > DEFAULT_GATEWAY=172.16.19.1
rommon 4 > TFTP_SERVER=172.15.20.10
rommon 5 > TFTP_FILE=/tftpboot/regen-ih-mz
rommon 6 > tftpdnld
IP_ADDRESS=172.15.19.11
IP_SUBNET_MASK=255.255.255.0
DEFAULT_GATEWAY=172.16.19.1
TFTP_SERVER=172.15.20.10
TFTP_FILE=/tftpboot/
Invoke this command for disaster recovery only.
WARNING: all existing data in all partitions on flash will be lost!
Do you wish to continue? y/n: [n]:
Enter y to begin downloading the Cisco IOS software image. When the process is complete, the ROM monitor mode prompt appears on your screen.
rommon 1 > copy tftp flash
rommon 2 >
You can also use File Transfer Protocol (FTP) or remote copy protocol (RCP) to download Cisco IOS software images to the Cisco ONS 15104. For details, see the section "Modifying, Downloading, and Maintaining Configuration Files in the document Configuration Fundamentals Configuration Guide for Cisco IOS Release 12.0.
The Cisco ONS 15104 controllers support FTP server software that is used to transfer Cisco IOS software to the Cisco ONS 15104 controller. This software resides in the system controller until it is notified that data is ready to be transferred to the system controller. When notification occurs, the system controller downloads Cisco IOS software and communicates with the Cisco ONS 15104. The data is then transferred and stored on the Cisco ONS 15104 controller in a specified file.
Regen# configure terminal
Regen(config)# ftp-server enable
Regen(config)# end
Regen# show running-config
Regen# copy running-config startup-config
Regen#
You can copy a file from a network server to the Cisco ONS 15104 or to another destination using rcp, use one of the following copy rcp EXEC commands. For example, the copy rcp running-config command replaces the configure network command in the command line. The copy rcp startup-config command replaces the configure overwrite-network command in the command line. For details, see the section, "Modifying, Downloading, and Maintaining Configuration Files in the document Configuration Fundamentals Configuration Guide for Cisco IOS Release 12.0.
Regen# configure terminal
Regen(config)# ip rcmd remote-username username
Regen(config)# copy system:running-config
rcp:[[[//[username@]location]/directory]/filename
Regen(config)#
Regen(config)# copy nvram:startup-config
rcp:[[[//[username@]location]/directory]/filename
Regen(config)#
![]() | Caution Using Xmodem to copy a Cisco IOS software image will erase all Flash memory partitions. |
In ROM monitor mode, use the Xmodem commands to download a Cisco IOS software image through the console port.
rommon 1 > xmodem <image name> (copy to flash)
or
rommon 2 > xmodem -r <image name> (run from RAM)
rommon 3 >
After you enter the xmodem command, the following screen output displays:
System Bootstrap, Version 12.0(19990409:171649) [ROMMON_Apr9 102]
Copyright (c) 1994-1999 by cisco Systems, Inc.
REGEN48 platform with 16384 Kbytes of main memory
rommon 1 > xmodem regen-i4-mz.final
Do not start the sending program yet...
File size Checksum File name
1382456 bytes (0x151838) 0x5db4 regen-i4-mz.final
4 bytes (0x4) 0xceff snmpboots (deleted)
4 bytes (0x4) 0xcdff snmpboots
WARNING:All existing data in bootflash will be lost!
Invoke this application only for disaster recovery.
Do you wish to continue? y/n [n]: y
Ready to receive file regen-i4-mz.final ...
Step 2 Enter y to start the xmodem transmission from within your terminal emulation software. The following screen output shows the xmodem transmission.
Erasing flash at 0x60000000
Programming location 600c0000
The erase program takes a couple of minutes to cycle through the memory.
Restricted Rights Legend
Use, duplication, or disclosure by the Government is
subject to restrictions as set forth in subparagraph
(c) of the Commercial Computer Software - Restricted
Rights clause at FAR sec. 52.227-19 and subparagraph
(c) (1) (ii) of the Rights in Technical Data and Computer
Software clause at DFARS sec. 252.227-7013.
Cisco Systems, Inc.
170 West Tasman Drive
San Jose, California 95134-1706
Cisco Internetwork Operating System Software
IOS (tm) REGEN48 Software (REGEN48-I4-M)
12.0(19990316:221436) [regen 100]
Copyright (c) 1986-1999 by cisco Systems, Inc.
Compiled Tue 16-Mar-99 17:14
Image text-base:0x800080D4, data-base:0x8028B6C8
Cisco regen48 (MPC860) processor (revision 0x100) with 12288K/4096K bytes of
memory.
Processor board ID JAB0217035M (1966016018)
M860 processor:part number 0, mask 49
1 Ethernet/IEEE 802.3 interface(s)
32 terminal line(s)
2 SONET Regenerator controller(s)
2 IP over SDCC interface(s)
32K bytes of non-volatile configuration memory.
8192K bytes of processor board System flash (Read/Write)
Press RETURN to get started!
rommon 2 >
The screen output will notify you when the file transfer is complete, and announce that it is copying the new Cisco IOS software image to Flash memory.
Use the following ROM monitor commands to exit the ROM monitor mode, and enter Cisco IOS mode:
rommon # > boot regenerator 172.15.19.11
Posted: Fri Jan 5 07:48:16 PST 2001
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