Performance monitoring parameters (PMs) are used by service providers to gather, store, threshold, and report performance data for early detection of problems. PM terms are defined for both electrical cards and optical cards. For information about Ethernet PMs, see "Ethernet Operation"
For additional information regarding PM parameters, see ITU's G.826, Telcordia's GR-820-CORE, and GR-253-CORE. Table 8-1 lists PM reference topics. Table 8-2 lists PM procedures.
Table 8-1 Reference Topics for Performance Monitoring
The following sections describe how to use basic screen elements such as tabs, menus, and informational columns. Figure 8-1 shows the Performance tab of Cisco Transport Controller (CTC) card-level view.
Figure 8-1 Viewing performance monitoring information
8.1.1 Viewing PMs
Before you view PMs, be sure you have created the appropriate circuits and provisioned the card according to your specifications. For information about circuit creation and card provisioning, see "Circuits and Tunnels" and "Card Provisioning."
Procedure: View PMs
Purpose
View PM counts to detect performance problems early.
Prerequisite Procedures
Before you view PMs, be sure you have created the appropriate circuits and provisioned the card according to your specifications. For information about circuit creation and card provisioning, see "Circuits and Tunnels" and "Card Provisioning."
Onsite/Remote
Onsite or remote
Step 1 Open the electrical or optical card of choice. Double-click the card's graphic in the main (node) view or right-click the card and select Open Card. (Clicking a card once highlights the card only.)
Step 2 From the card view, click the Performance tab.
Step 3 View the PM parameter names that appear on the left portion of the screen in the Param column. The parameter numbers appear on the right portion of the screen in the Curr (current), and Prev (previous) columns.
8.1.2 Changing the Screen Intervals
Changing the screen view allows you to view PMs in 15-minute intervals or 24-hour periods. Figure 8-2 shows the time interval buttons on the Performance Monitoring screen.
Figure 8-2 Time interval buttons on the card view Performance tab
Procedure: Select Fifteen-Minute PM Intervals on the Performance Monitoring Screen
Purpose
Change the screen view to display PMs in 15-minute intervals.
Prerequisite Procedures
Before you view PMs, be sure you have created the appropriate circuits and provisioned the card according to your specifications. For information about circuit creation and card provisioning, see "Circuits and Tunnels" and "Card Provisioning."
Onsite/Remote
Onsite or remote
Step 1 Open the electrical or optical card of choice. Double-click the card's graphic in the main (node) view or right-click the card and select Open Card. (Clicking a card once highlights the card only.)
Step 2 From the card view, click the Performance tab.
Click the 15 min button. Figure 8-2 shows the time interval buttons on the Performance Monitoring screen.
Step 3 Click the Refresh button. Performance monitoring parameters display in 15-minute intervals synchronized with the time of day.
Step 4 View the Current column to find PM counts for the current 15-minute interval.
Each monitored performance parameter has corresponding threshold values for the current time period. If the value of the counter exceeds the threshold value for a particular 15-minute interval, a threshold crossing alert (TCA) will be raised. The value represents the counter for each specific performance monitoring parameter. For information about viewing TCAs, see "Viewing History" section.
Step 5 View the Prev-N columns to find PM counts for the preceding 15-minute intervals.
Note If a complete 15-minute interval count is not possible, the value displays with a yellow background.
An incomplete or incorrect count can be caused by monitoring for less than 15 minutes after the
counter started, changing node timing settings, changing the time zone settings on CTC, replacing a
card, resetting a card, or by changing port states. When the problem is corrected, the subsequent
15-minute interval appears with a white background.
Procedure: Select 1 Day PM Intervals on the Performance Monitoring Screen
Purpose
Change the screen view to display PMs in 1 day intervals.
Prerequisite Procedures
Before you view PMs, be sure you have created the appropriate circuits and provisioned the card according to your specifications. For information about circuit creation and card provisioning, see "Circuits and Tunnels" and "Card Provisioning."
Onsite/Remote
Onsite or remote
Step 1 Open the electrical or optical card of choice. Double-click the card's graphic in the main (node) view or right-click the card and select Open Card. (Clicking a card once highlights the card only.)
Step 2 From the card view, click the Performance tab.
Click the 1 day button. Figure 8-2 shows the time interval buttons on the Performance Monitoring screen.
Step 3 Click the Refresh button. Performance monitoring displays in 1 day periods synchronized with the time of day.
Step 4 View the Current column to find PM counts for the current 1 day period.
Each monitored performance parameter has corresponding threshold values for the current time period. If the value of the counter exceeds the threshold value for a particular 1 day period, a threshold crossing alert (TCA) will be raised. The value represents the counter for each specific performance monitoring parameter. For information on viewing TCAs, see "Viewing History" section.
Step 5 View the Prev columns to find PM counts for the preceding 1 day period.
Note If a complete count over a 1 day period is not possible, the value displays with a yellow background.
An incomplete or incorrect count can be caused by changing node timing settings, changing the time
zone settings on CTC, replacing a card, resetting a card, or by changing port states. When the
problem is corrected, the subsequent 1 day period appears with a white background.
8.1.3 Viewing Near End and Far End PMs
Select theNear End or Far End button depending on the PMs you wish to view. Only cards that allow both near-end and far-end monitoring have these buttons as an option. Figure 8-3 shows the Near End and Far End buttons on the Performance Monitoring screen.
Figure 8-3 Near End and Far End buttons on the card view Performance tab
Procedure: Select Near End PMs on the Performance Monitoring Screen
Purpose
Select theNear End button to view PMs on the near end.
Prerequisite Procedures
Before you view PMs, be sure you have created the appropriate circuits and provisioned the card according to your specifications. For information about circuit creation and card provisioning, see "Circuits and Tunnels" and "Card Provisioning."
Onsite/Remote
Onsite or remote
Step 1 Open the electrical or optical card of choice. Double-click the card's graphic in the main (node) view or right-click the card and select Open Card. (Clicking a card once highlights the card only.)
Step 2 From the card view, click the Performance tab.
Step 3 Click the Near End button.
Step 4 Click the Refresh button. All PMs occurring for the selected card on the incoming signal are displayed.
Procedure: Select Far End PMs on the Performance Monitoring Screen
Purpose
Select theFar End button to view PMs on the far end.
Prerequisite Procedures
Only cards that allow far-end monitoring have this button as an option.
Before you view PMs, be sure you have created the appropriate circuits and provisioned the card according to your specifications. For information about circuit creation and card provisioning, see "Circuits and Tunnels" and "Card Provisioning."
Onsite/Remote
Onsite or remote
Step 1 Open the electrical or optical card of choice. To do so, double-click the card's graphic in the main (node) view or right-click the card and select Open Card. (Clicking a card once highlights the card only.)
Step 2 From the card view, click the Performance tab.
Step 3 Click the Far End button.
Step 4 Click the Refresh button. All PMs recorded by the far-end node for the selected card on the outgoing signal are displayed.
8.1.4 Using the Port Selection Menu
Use the port selection menus to monitor PMs for near-end or far-end signals on a selected port. Different port selection menus appear depending on the card type and the circuit type. Figure 8-4 and Figure 8-5 show port selection menus on the Performance Monitoring screen for a DS3i card and an STM-1 card.
Figure 8-4 Port selection menus for a DS3i card
Figure 8-5 Port selection menus for an STM-1 card
Procedure: Select Port Selection Menus on the Performance Monitoring Screen
Purpose
Use the port selection menus to monitor PMs for near-end or far-end signals on a selected port.
Prerequisite Procedures
Different port selection menus appear depending on the card type and the circuit type. The appropriate types (E1, E3, DS3i, VC4, and line) appear based on the card. For example, the STM-64 card lists line and VC4.
Before you view PMs, be sure you have created the appropriate circuits and provisioned the card according to your specifications. For information about circuit creation and card provisioning, see "Circuits and Tunnels" and "Card Provisioning."
Onsite/Remote
Onsite or remote
Step 1 Open the electrical or optical card of choice. Double-click the card's graphic in the main (node) view or right-click the card and select Open Card. (Clicking a card once highlights the card only.)
Step 2 From the card view, click the Performance tab.
Step 3 Click one of the port selection menus labeled in Figure 8-4 and Figure 8-5. Depending on the card, other options may be available (i.e. E1, E3, DS3i, VC4, and line).
In SDH Software R3.3, the Baseline button located on the far right of the screen clears the PM count displayed in the Current column, but does not clear the PM count on the card. When the current 15-minute or 24-hour time interval expires or the screen view changes, the total number of PM counts on the card and on the screen appear in the appropriate column.
The baseline values are discarded if you select a new port, interval, near-end, far- end, VC4, or change views to a different screen and then return to the Performance Monitoring screen. The Baseline button enables you to easily see how quickly PM counts are rising without having to perform calculations. Figure 8-6 shows the Baseline button on the Performance Monitoring screen.
Figure 8-6 Baseline button for clearing displayed PM counts
Procedure: Use the Baseline Button on the Performance Monitoring Screen
Purpose
The Baseline button clears the PM count displayed on the Current column, but it does not clear the cumulative PM count. This easily allow you to see how quickly PM counts rise.
Prerequisite Procedures
Before you view PMs, be sure you have created the appropriate circuits and provisioned the card according to your specifications. For information about circuit creation and card provisioning, see "Circuits and Tunnels" and "Card Provisioning."
Onsite/Remote
Onsite or remote
Step 1 Open the electrical or optical card of choice. Double-click the card's graphic in the main (node) view or right-click the card and select Open Card. (Clicking a card once highlights the card only.)
Step 2 From the card view, click the Performance tab.
Step 3 Click the Baseline button.
Note In SDH Software R3.3, the Baseline button clears the PM count displayed in the Current column, but
does not clear the PM count on the card. When the current 15-minute or 24-hour time interval expires
or the screen view changes, the total number of PM counts on the card and on the screen appear in
the appropriate column. The baseline values are discarded if you change views to a different screen
and then return to the Performance Monitoring screen.
8.1.6 Using the Clear Button
The Clear button located on the far right of the Performance Monitoring screen clears certain PM counts depending on the option selected. Figure 8-7 shows the Clear button on the Performance Monitoring screen.
CautionPressing the Clear button can potentially mask problems if used incorrectly. This button is commonly used for testing purposes such as clearing a count that results in the UAS count incrementing.
Figure 8-7 Clear button for clearing PM counts
Procedure: Use the Clear Button on the Performance Monitoring Screen
Purpose
Use the Clear button to clear certain PM counts depending on the option selected.
Prerequisite Procedures
Before you view PMs, be sure you have created the appropriate circuits and provisioned the card according to your specifications. For information about circuit creation and card provisioning, see "Circuits and Tunnels" and "Card Provisioning."
Onsite/Remote
Onsite or remote
Step 1 Open the electrical or optical card of choice. Double-click the card's graphic in the main (node) view or right-click the card and select Open Card. (Clicking a card once highlights the card only.)
Step 2 From the card view, click the Performance tab.
Step 3 Click the Clear button.
Step 4 From the Clear Statistics menu, choose one of three options:
Selected Interfaces: Clearing selected interfaces erases all PM counts associated with the selected radio buttons. For example, if the 15 min and theNear End buttons are selected and you click the Clear button, all near-end PM counts in the current 15-minute interval are erased from the card and the screen display.
All interfaces on port x: Clearing all interfaces on port x erases from the card and the screen display all PM counts associated with all combinations of the radio buttons on the selected port. This means the 15-minute near-end and far-end counts are cleared, and 24-hour near-end and far-end counts are cleared from the card and the screen display.
All interfaces on card: Clearing all interfaces on the card erases from the card and the screen display all PM counts for data and ports on all interfaces.
Step 5 From the Zero Data menu, click Yes to clear the selected statistics.
Note The Ethernet cards are the only cards without the Clear button option.
8.2 Changing Thresholds
Thresholds are used to set error levels for PMs. During the accumulation cycle, if the current value of a performance monitoring parameter reaches or exceeds its corresponding threshold value, a threshold crossing alert (TCA) is generated by the node and sent to CTC. TCAs provide early detection of performance degradation. When a threshold is crossed, the node continues to count the errors during a given accumulation period.
You can program PM threshold ranges from the Provisioning > Thresholdtabs on the card view. For procedures on provisioning card thresholds, such as line and path, see "Card Provisioning."Figure 8-8 shows the Provisioning > Thresholdtabs for an STM-64 card. Figure 8-9 shows the Provisioning > Thresholdtabs for a DS3i card.
Figure 8-8 Threshold tab for setting threshold values (Example of an STM64 card)
Figure 8-9 Threshold tab for setting threshold values (Example of a DS3i card)
Change the threshold if the default value does not satisfy your error monitoring needs. For example, customers with a critical E1 installed for emergency phone calls must guarantee the best quality of service on the line; therefore, they lower all thresholds so that the slightest error raises a TCA.
Note A TCA is not reported if 0 or a number exceeding the threshold range is entered as the threshold
value.
Note Under the Provisioning > Threshold tab, the E1 card has user-defined thresholds for the E1 receive
(Rx) path PMs. In the Threshold tab they are displayed as EB, BBE, ES, SES, UAS, ESR, SESR, and
BBER without the Rx prefix. No threshold settings are associated with the E1 transmit (Tx) path
PMs. Displayed in the Performance tab are the PM counts received for the E1 Rx path PMs. The
displayed E1 Tx path PM values are based on calculations performed by the card and therefore have
no TCAs that require provisioning.
Intermediate-path performance monitoring (IPPM) allows transparent monitoring of a constituent channel of an incoming transmission signal by a node that does not terminate that channel. Many large ONS 15454 SDH networks only use line terminating equipment (LTE) not path terminating equipment (PTE). After enabling IPPM provisioning on the line card, service providers can monitor high-order paths that are configured in pass-through mode on an ONS 15454 SDH operating in SDH AU4 mode, thus making troubleshooting and maintenance activities more efficient.
SDH Software R3.3 allows LTE cards to monitor near-end PM data on individual high-order paths by enabling IPPM. IPPM occurs only on high-order paths which have IPPM enabled, and TCAs are raised only for PM parameters on the selected IPPM paths.
The ONS 15454 SDH performs IPPM by examining the overhead in the monitored path and by reading all of the near-end path PMs in the incoming direction of transmission. The IPPM process allows the path signal to pass bidirectionally through the node completely unaltered.
For detailed information about specific PMs, locate the card name in the following sections and review the appropriate definition.
Enable intermediate-path performance monitoring to monitor high-order paths that are configured in pass-through mode on an ONS 15454 SDH operating in SDH AU4 mode.
Prerequisite Procedures
If no VC4 circuit exists, perform VC4 Circuit Creation. For information about circuit creation, see "Circuits and Tunnels."
The circuit must pass through an STM-N card before you can enable IPPM on the circuit.
Onsite/Remote
Onsite or remote
Step 1 Open the LTE card of choice. Double-click the card's graphic in the main (node) view or right-click the card and select Open Card. (Clicking a card once highlights the card only.) See Table 8-3 for a list of Cisco ONS 15454 SDH LTE cards.
Table 8-3 Traffic Cards that Terminate the Line, Called LTEs
Line Terminating Equipment
OC3 IR 4/STM1 SH 1310
OC12 IR/STM4 SH 1310
OC12 LR/STM4 LH 1310
OC12 LR/STM4 LH 1550
OC48 IR/STM16 SH AS 1310
OC48 LR/STM16 LH AS 1550
OC48 ELR/STM16 EH 100 GHz
OC192 LR/STM64 LH 1550
Step 2 Select the Provisioning > VC4 tabs.
Figure 8-10 VC4 tab for enabling IPPM
Step 3 Click Enable IPPM for the VC4 you want to monitor.
Note The far-end IPPM feature is not supported in SDH Software R3.3. However, SDH path PMs can be
monitored by logging into the far-end node directly.
Pointers provide a way to align the phase variations in VC4 payloads. Pointer justification counts indicate frequency adjustments on SDH networks. The VC4 payload pointer is located in the H1 and H2 bytes of the AU pointers section and it is a count of the number of bytes the VC4 POH J1 byte is away from the H3 byte, not including the section overhead bytes.
When a network is out of synch, jitter, and wander occurs on the transported signal. Excessive wander can cause terminating equipment to slip. It also causes slips at the SDH and PDH boundaries. Slips cause different effects in service: Voice service has intermittent audible clicks; compressed voice technology has short transmission errors or dropped calls; fax machines lose scanned lines or experience dropped calls; digital video transmission has distorted pictures or frozen frames; encryption service loses the encryption key causing data to be transmitted again.
Figure 8-11 shows pointer justification count parameters on the Performance Monitoring screen. You can enable PPJC and NPJC performance monitoring parameters for LTE cards. See Table 8-4 for a list of Cisco ONS 15454 SDH LTE cards.
To avoid problems with data when timing differences exist, dummy bytes can be inserted into the VC4. There are negative (NPJC) and positive (PPJC) pointer justification count parameters. NPJC is a count of path-detected (NPJC-Pdet) or path-generated (NPJC-Pgen) negative pointer justifications. H3 bytes are called negative justification bytes and carry extra payload data for one frame during a pointer decrease.
PPJC is a count of path-detected (PPJC-Pdet) or path-generated (PPJC-Pgen) positive pointer justifications. The three bytes following the last H3 byte in the VC4 are called positive justification bytes and carry three dummy bytes of information for one frame during a pointer increment.
A consistent large pointer justification count indicates clock synchronization problems between nodes. A difference between the counts means the node transmitting the original pointer justification has timing variations with the node detecting and transmitting this count.
On CTC, the count fields for PPJC and NPJC PMs appear white and blank unless they are enabled on the Provisioning > Line tabs. Figure 8-12 shows the PJVC4Mon# menu on the Provisioning screen.
Figure 8-12 Line tab for enabling pointer justification count parameters
Enable pointer justification counts to monitor the clock synchronization between nodes.
Prerequisite Procedures
Before you view pointer justification PMs, be sure you have created the appropriate circuits and provisioned the card according to your specifications. For information about circuit creation and card provisioning, see "Circuits and Tunnels" and "Card Provisioning."
Onsite/Remote
Onsite or remote
Step 1 Open the line terminated equipment (LTE) card of choice. Double-click the card's graphic in the main (node) view or right-click the card and select Open Card. (Clicking a card once highlights the card only.) See Table 8-4 for a list of Cisco ONS 15454 SDH LTE cards.
Table 8-4 Traffic Cards that Terminate the Line, Called LTEs
Line Terminating Equipment
OC3 IR 4/STM1 SH 1310
OC12 IR/STM4 SH 1310
OC12 LR/STM4 LH 1310
OC12 LR/STM4 LH 1550
OC48 IR/STM16 SH AS 1310
OC48 LR/STM16 LH AS 1550
OC48 ELR/STM16 EH 100 GHz
OC192 LR/STM64 LH 1550
Step 2 From the card view, click the Provisioning > Line tabs.
Step 3 Click the PJVC4Mon# menu and select a number.
The value of 0 means pointer justification monitoring is disabled.
The values 1-N are the VC4 numbers on one port. One VC4 per port can be enabled from the PJVC4Mon# card menu.
STM-1 PJVC4Mon# card menu: 0 or 1 can be selected on a total of 4 ports.
STM-4 PJVC4Mon# card menu: 0, 1 or any number through 4 can be selected on 1 port.
STM-16 PJVC4Mon# card menu: 0, 1 or any number through 16 can be selected on 1 port.
STM-64 PJVC4Mon# card menu: 0, 1 or any number through 64 can be selected on 1 port.
Step 4 Click Apply and return to the Performance tab to view PM parameters.
8.5 SDH Performance Monitoring for Electrical Cards
The following sections define performance monitoring parameters for the E1, E3, and DS3i electrical cards.
8.5.1 E1 Card Performance Monitoring Parameters
Figure 8-13 shows the signal types that support near-end and far-end PMs. Figure 8-14 shows where overhead bytes detected on the ASICs produce performance monitoring parameters for the E1 card.
Figure 8-13 Monitored signal types for the E1 card
Figure 8-14 PM read points on the E1 card
Table 8-5 Line PMs for the E1 Card, Near-end
Parameter
Definition
CV-L
Code Violation Line (CV-L) indicates the number of coding violations occurring on the line. This parameter is a count of bipolar violations (BPVs) and excessive zeros (EXZs) occurring over the accumulation period.
ES-L
Errored Seconds Line (ES-L) is a count of the seconds containing one or more anomalies (BPV + EXZ) and/or defects (loss of signal) on the line.
SES-L
Severely Errored Seconds Line (SES-L) is a count of the seconds containing more than a particular quantity of anomalies (BPV + EXZ > 2048) and/or defects on the line.
Table 8-6 CEPT and CRC4 Framing Path PMs, both TX and RX for the E1 Card, Near-end and Far-End
Parameter
Definition
Note Under the Provisioning > Threshold tab, the E1 card has user-defined thresholds for the E1 receive (Rx) path PMs. In the Threshold tab they are displayed as EB, BBE, ES, SES, UAS, ESR, SESR, and BBER without the Rx prefix
P-EB
Path Errored Block (P-EB) indicates one or more bits are in error within a block.
P-BBE
Path Background Block Error (P-BBE) is an errored block not occurring as part of a severely errored second (SES).
P-ES
Path Errored Second (P-ES) is a one second period with one or more errored blocks or at least one defect.
P-SES
Path Severely Errored Seconds (P-SES) is a one-second period containing > 30% errored blocks or at least one defect. SES is a subset of ES.
P-UAS
Receive Path Unavailable Seconds (E1 Rx P-UAS) is a count of one-second intervals when the E1 path is unavailable on the receive end of the signal. The E1 path is unavailable when ten consecutive SESs occur. The ten SESs are included in unavailable time. Once unavailable, the E1 path becomes available when ten consecutive seconds occur with no SESs. The ten seconds with no SESs are excluded from unavailable time.
Transmit Path Unavailable Seconds (E1 Tx P-UAS) is a count of one-second intervals when the E1 path is unavailable on the transmit end of the signal. The E1 path is unavailable when ten consecutive SESs occur. The ten SESs are included in unavailable time. Once unavailable, the E1 path becomes available when ten consecutive seconds occur with no SESs. The ten seconds with no SESs are excluded from unavailable time.
P-ESR
Path Errored Second Ratio (P-ESR) is the ratio of errored seconds to total seconds in available time during a fixed measurement interval.
P-SESR
Path Severely Errored Second Ratio (P-SESR) is the ratio of SES to total seconds in available time during a fixed measurement interval.
P-BBER
Path Background Block Error Ratio (BBER) is the ratio of Background Block Errors (BBE) to total blocks in available time during a fixed measurement interval. The count of total blocks excludes all blocks during SESs.
Table 8-7 VC-12 Low-Order Path PMs for the E1 Card, Near-end and Far-end
Parameter
Definition
LP-EB
Low-Order Path Errored Block (P-EB) indicates one or more bits are in error within a block.
LP-BBE
Low-Order Path Background Block Error (P-BBE) is an errored block not occurring as part of a severely errored second (SES).
LP-ES
Low-Order Path Errored Second (P-ES) is a one second period with one or more errored blocks or at least one defect.
LP-SES
Low-Order Path Severely Errored Seconds (P-SES) is a one-second period containing > 30% errored blocks or at least one defect. SES is a subset of ES.
LP-UAS
Low-Order Path Unavailable Seconds (LP-UAS) is a count of the seconds when the VC path was unavailable. A low-order path becomes unavailable when ten consecutive seconds occur that qualify as LP-SESs, and it continues to be unavailable until ten consecutive seconds occur that do not qualify as LP-SESs.
LP-ESR
Low-Order Path Errored Second Ratio (P-ESR) is the ratio of errored seconds to total seconds in available time during a fixed measurement interval.
LP-SESR
Low-Order Path Severely Errored Second Ratio (P-SESR) is the ratio of SES to total seconds in available time during a fixed measurement interval.
LP-BBER
Low-Order Path Background Block Error Ratio (BBER) is the ratio of Background Block Errors (BBE) to total blocks in available time during a fixed measurement interval. The count of total blocks excludes all blocks during SESs.
8.5.2 E3 Card Performance Monitoring Parameters
Figure 8-15 shows the signal types that support near-end and far-end PMs. Figure 8-16 shows where overhead bytes detected on the ASICs produce performance monitoring parameters for the E3 card.
Figure 8-15 Monitored signal types for the E3 card
Figure 8-16 PM read points on the E3 card
Table 8-8 E3 Line PMs for the E3 Card, Near-End
Parameter
Definition
CV-L
Code Violation Line (CV-L) indicates the number of coding violations occurring on the line. This parameter is a count of bipolar violations (BPVs) and excessive zeros (EXZs) occurring over the accumulation period.
ES-L
Errored Seconds Line (ES-L) is a count of the seconds containing one or more anomalies (BPV + EXZ) and/or defects (loss of signal) on the line.
SES-L
Severely Errored Seconds Line (SES-L) is a count of the seconds containing more than a particular quantity of anomalies (BPV + EXZ > 44) and/or defects on the line.
LOSS-L
Line Loss of Signal (LOSS-L) is a count of one-second intervals containing one or more LOS defects.
Table 8-9 E3 Path PMs for the E3 Card, Near-End
Parameter
Definition
P-ES
Path Errored Second (P-ES) is a one second period with at least one defect.
P-SES
Path Severely Errored Seconds (P-SES) is a one-second period containing at least one defect. SES is a subset of ES.
P-UAS
Path Unavailable Seconds (P-UAS) is a count of the seconds when the path was unavailable. A path becomes unavailable when ten consecutive seconds occur that qualify as P-SESs, and it continues to be unavailable until ten consecutive seconds occur that do not qualify as P-SESs.
P-ESR
Path Errored Second Ratio (P-ESR) is the ratio of errored seconds to total seconds in available time during a fixed measurement interval.
P-SESR
Path Severely Errored Second Ratio (P-SESR) is the ratio of SES to total seconds in available time during a fixed measurement interval.
Table 8-10 VC3 Low-Order Path PMs for the E3 Card, Near-End and Far-End
Parameter
Definition
LP-EB
Low-Order Path Errored Block (LP-EB) indicates one or more bits are in error within a block.
LP-BBE
Low-Order Path Background Block Error (LP-BBE) is an errored block not occurring as part of a severely errored second (SES).
LP-ES
Low-Order Path Errored Second (LP-ES) is a one second period with one or more errored blocks or at least one defect.
LP-SES
Low-Order Path Severely Errored Seconds (LP-SES) is a one-second period containing > 30% errored blocks or at least one defect. SES is a subset of ES.
LP-UAS
Low-Order Path Unavailable Seconds (LP-UAS) is a count of the seconds when the VC path was unavailable. A low-order path becomes unavailable when ten consecutive seconds occur that qualify as LP-SESs, and it continues to be unavailable until ten consecutive seconds occur that do not qualify as LP-SESs.
LP-ESR
Low-Order Path Errored Second Ratio (LP-ESR) is the ratio of errored seconds to total seconds in available time during a fixed measurement interval.
LP-SESR
Low-Order Path Severely Errored Second Ratio (LP-SESR) is the ratio of SES to total seconds in available time during a fixed measurement interval.
LP-BBER
Low-Order Path Background Block Error Ratio (LP-BBER) is the ratio of Background Block Errors (BBE) to total blocks in available time during a fixed measurement interval. The count of total blocks excludes all blocks during SESs.
Table 8-11 VC4 High-Order Path PMs for the E3 Card, Near-End and Far-End
Parameter
Definition
HP-EB
High-Order Path Errored Block (HP-EB) indicates one or more bits are in error within a block.
HP-BBE
High-Order Path Background Block Error (HP-BBE) is an errored block not occurring as part of a severely errored second (SES).
HP-ES
High-Order Path Errored Second (HP-ES) is a one second period with one or more errored blocks or at least one defect.
HP-SES
High-Order Path Severely Errored Seconds (HP-SES) is a one-second period containing > 30% errored blocks or at least one defect. SES is a subset of ES.
HP-UAS
High-Order Path Unavailable Seconds (HP-UAS) is a count of the seconds when the VC path was unavailable. A low-order path becomes unavailable when ten consecutive seconds occur that qualify as HP-SESs, and it continues to be unavailable until ten consecutive seconds occur that do not qualify as HP-SESs.
HP-ESR
High-Order Path Errored Second Ratio (HP-ESR) is the ratio of errored seconds to total seconds in available time during a fixed measurement interval.
HP-SESR
High-Order Path Severely Errored Second Ratio (HP-SESR) is the ratio of SES to total seconds in available time during a fixed measurement interval.
HP-BBER
High-Order Path Background Block Error Ratio (HP-BBER) is the ratio of Background Block Errors (BBE) to total blocks in available time during a fixed measurement interval. The count of total blocks excludes all blocks during SESs.
8.5.3 DS3i Card Performance Monitoring Parameters
Figure 8-17 shows the signal types that support near-end and far-end PMs. Figure 8-18 shows where overhead bytes detected on the ASICs produce performance monitoring parameters for the DS3i card.
Figure 8-17 Monitored signal types for the DS3i card
Figure 8-18 PM read points on the DS3i card
Table 8-12 DS3 Line PMs for the DS3i Card, Near-End
Parameter
Definition
CV-L
Code Violation Line (CV-L) indicates the number of coding violations occurring on the line. This parameter is a count of bipolar violations (BPVs) and excessive zeros (EXZs) occurring over the accumulation period.
ES-L
Errored Seconds Line (ES-L) is a count of the seconds containing one or more anomalies (BPV + EXZ) and/or defects (i.e. loss of signal) on the line.
SES-L
Severely Errored Seconds Line (SES-L) is a count of the seconds containing more than a particular quantity of anomalies (BPV + EXZ > 44) and/or defects on the line.
LOSS-L
Line Loss of Signal (LOSS-L) is a count of one-second intervals containing one or more LOS defects.
Table 8-13 C-Bit and M23 Framing DS3 Path PMs for the DS3i Card, Near-End
Parameter
Definition
AISS-P
AIS Seconds Path (AISS-P) is a count of one-second intervals containing one or more AIS defects.
CVP-P
Code Violation Path (CVP-P) is a code violation parameter for M23 applications. CVP-P is a count of P-bit parity errors occurring in the accumulation period.
ESP-P
Errored Second Path (ESP-P) is a count of seconds containing one or more P-bit parity errors, one or more SEF defects, or one or more AIS defects.
SASP-P
SEF/AIS Seconds Path (SASP-P) is a count of one-second intervals containing one or more SEFs or one or more AIS defects on the path.
SESP-P
Severely Errored Seconds Path (SESP-P) is a count of seconds containing more than 44 P-bit parity violations, one or more SEF defects, or one or more AIS defects.
UASP-P
Unavailable Second Path (UASP-P) is a count of one-second intervals when the DS3 path is unavailable. A DS3 path becomes unavailable when ten consecutive SESP-Ps occur. The ten SESP-Ps are included in unavailable time. Once unavailable, the DS3 path becomes available when ten consecutive seconds with no SESP-Ps occur. The ten seconds with no SESP-Ps are excluded from unavailable time.
Table 8-14 CP-Bit Framing DS3 Path PMs for the DS3i Card, Near-End
Parameter
Definition
CVCP-P
Code Violation Path (CVCP-P) is a count of CP-bit parity errors occurring in the accumulation period.
ESCP-P
Errored Second Path (ESCP-P) is a count of seconds containing one or more CP-bit parity errors, one or more SEF defects, or one or more AIS defects. ESCP-P is defined for the C-bit parity application.
SESCP-P
Severely Errored Seconds Path (SESCP-P) is a count of seconds containing more than 44 CP-bit parity errors, one or more SEF defects, or one or more AIS defects.
UASCP-P
Unavailable Second Path (UASCP-P) is a count of one-second intervals when the DS3 path is unavailable. A DS3 path becomes unavailable when ten consecutive SESCP-Ps occur. The ten SESCP-Ps are included in unavailable time. Once unavailable, the DS3 path becomes available when ten consecutive seconds with no SESCP-Ps occur. The ten seconds with no SESCP-Ps are excluded from unavailable time.
Table 8-15 CP-Bit Path PMs for the DS3i Cards, Far-End
Parameter
Definition
CVCP-P
Code Violation (CVCP-PFE) is a parameter that is counted when the three far-end block error (FEBE) bits in a M-frame are not all collectively set to 1.
ESCP-P
Errored Second (ESCP-PFE) is a count of one-second intervals containing one or more M-frames with the three FEBE bits not all collectively set to 1 or one or more far-end SEF/AIS defects.
SASCP-P
SEF/AIS Second (SASCP-PFE) is a count of one-second intervals containing one or more far-end SEF/AIS defects.
SESCP-P
Severely Errored Second (SESCP-PFE) is a count of one-second intervals containing one or more 44 M-frames with the three FEBE bits not all collectively set to 1 or one or more far-end SEF/AIS defects.
UASCP-P
Unavailable Second (UASCP-PFE) is a count of one-second intervals when the DS3 path becomes unavailable. A DS3 path becomes unavailable when ten consecutive far-end CP-bit SESs occur. The ten CP-bit SESs are included in unavailable time. Once unavailable, the DS3 path becomes available when ten consecutive seconds occur with no CP-bit SESs. The ten seconds with no CP-bit SESs are excluded from unavailable time.
Table 8-16 VC3 Low-Order Path PMs for the DS3i Card, Near-End and Far-End
Parameter
Definition
LP-EB
Low-Order Path Errored Block (LP-EB) indicates one or more bits are in error within a block.
LP-BBE
Low-Order Path Background Block Error (LP-BBE) is an errored block not occurring as part of a severely errored second (SES).
LP-ES
Low-Order Path Errored Second (LP-ES) is a one second period with one or more errored blocks or at least one defect.
LP-SES
Low-Order Path Severely Errored Seconds (LP-SES) is a one-second period containing > 30% errored blocks or at least one defect. SES is a subset of ES.
LP-UAS
Low-Order Path Unavailable Seconds (LP-UAS) is a count of the seconds when the VC path was unavailable. A low-order path becomes unavailable when ten consecutive seconds occur that qualify as LP-SESs, and it continues to be unavailable until ten consecutive seconds occur that do not qualify as LP-SESs.
LP-ESR
Low-Order Path Errored Second Ratio (LP-ESR) is the ratio of errored seconds to total seconds in available time during a fixed measurement interval.
LP-SESR
Low-Order Path Severely Errored Second Ratio (LP-SESR) is the ratio of SES to total seconds in available time during a fixed measurement interval.
LP-BBER
Low-Order Path Background Block Error Ratio (LP-BBER) is the ratio of Background Block Errors (BBE) to total blocks in available time during a fixed measurement interval. The count of total blocks excludes all blocks during SESs.
Table 8-17 VC4 High-Order Path PMs for the DS3i Card, Near-End and Far-End
Parameter
Definition
HP-EB
High-Order Path Errored Block (HP-EB) indicates one or more bits are in error within a block.
HP-BBE
High-Order Path Background Block Error (HP-BBE) is an errored block not occurring as part of a severely errored second (SES).
HP-ES
High-Order Path Errored Second (HP-ES) is a one second period with one or more errored blocks or at least one defect.
HP-SES
High-Order Path Severely Errored Seconds (HP-SES) is a one-second period containing > 30% errored blocks or at least one defect. SES is a subset of ES.
HP-UAS
High-Order Path Unavailable Seconds (HP-UAS) is a count of the seconds when the VC path was unavailable. A low-order path becomes unavailable when ten consecutive seconds occur that qualify as HP-SESs, and it continues to be unavailable until ten consecutive seconds occur that do not qualify as HP-SESs.
HP-ESR
High-Order Path Errored Second Ratio (HP-ESR) is the ratio of errored seconds to total seconds in available time during a fixed measurement interval.
HP-SESR
High-Order Path Severely Errored Second Ratio (HP-SESR) is the ratio of SES to total seconds in available time during a fixed measurement interval.
HP-BBER
High-Order Path Background Block Error Ratio (HP-BBER) is the ratio of Background Block Errors (BBE) to total blocks in available time during a fixed measurement interval. The count of total blocks excludes all blocks during SESs.
8.6 SDH Performance Monitoring for Optical Cards
The following sections define performance monitoring parameters and definitions for the STM-1, STM-4, STM-16, and STM-64 cards.
Figure 8-19 shows where overhead bytes detected on the ASICs produce performance monitoring parameters for the STM-1 card.
Figure 8-19 PM read points on the STM-1 card
Note For PM locations relating to protection switch counts, see the GR-253-CORE document.
Table 8-18 Regenerator Section PMs for the STM-1 Card, Near-End
Parameter
Definition
RS-EB
Regenerator Section Errored Block (RS-EB) indicates one or more bits are in error within a block.
RS-BBE
Regenerator Section Background Block Error (RS-BBE) is an errored block not occurring as part of an SES.
RS-ES
Regenerator Section Errored Second (RS-ES) is a one-second period with one or more errored blocks or at least one defect.
RS-SES
Regenerator Section Severely Errored Second (RS-SES) is a one-second period which contains >30% errored blocks or at least one defect. SES is a subset of ES.
Table 8-19 Multiplex Section PMs for the STM-1 Card, Near-End and Far-End
Parameter
Definition
MS-EB
Multiplex Section Errored Block (MS-EB) indicates one or more bits are in error within a block.
MS-BBE
Multiplex Section Background Block Error (MS-BBE) is an errored block not occurring as part of an SES.
MS-ES
Multiplex Section Errored Second (MS-ES) is a one-second period with one or more errored blocks or at least one defect.
MS-SES
Multiplex Section Severely Errored Second (MS-SES) is a one-second period which contains >X% errored blocks or at least one defect. SES is a subset of ES. For more information, see ITU-T G.829 Section 5.1.3.
MS-UAS
Multiplex Section Unavailable Seconds (MS-UAS) is a count of the seconds when the section was unavailable. A section becomes unavailable when ten consecutive seconds occur that qualify as MS-SESs, and it continues to be unavailable until ten consecutive seconds occur that do not qualify as MS-SESs. When the condition is entered, MS-SESs decrement and then count toward MS-UAS.
Table 8-20 1+1 LMSP Protection Switch Count PMs for the STM-1 Cards, Near-End
Parameter
Definition
For information about Troubleshooting SNCP switch counts, see the alarm troubleshooting information in the Cisco ONS 15454 SDH Troubleshooting and Reference Guide. For information about creating circuits that perform a switch, see "Circuits and Tunnels."
MS-PSC (1+1 protection)
In a 1 + 1 protection scheme for a working card, Multiplex Section Protection Switching Count (MS-PSC) is a count of the number of times service switches from a working card to a protection card plus the number of times service switches back to the working card.
For a protection card, MS-PSC is a count of the number of times service switches to a working card from a protection card plus the number of times service switches back to the protection card. The MS-PSC PM is only applicable if revertive line-level protection switching is used.
Note MS-SPRing is not supported on the STM-1 card; therefore, the MS-PSD-W, MS-PSD-S, and MS-PSD-R PMs do not increment.
MS-PSD
Multiplex Section Protection Switching Duration (MS-PSD) applies to the length of time, in seconds, that service is carried on another line. For a working line, MS-PSD is a count of the number of seconds that service was carried on the protection line.
For the protection line, MS-PSD is a count of the seconds that the line was used to carry service. The MS-PSD PM is only applicable if revertive line-level protection switching is used.
Note MS-SPRing is not supported on the STM-1 card; therefore, the MS-PSD-W, MS-PSD-S, and MS-PSD-R PMs do not increment.
Table 8-21 Pointer Justification Count PMs for the STM-1 Card, Near-End
Multiplex Section, Positive Pointer Justification Count, Path Detected (MS-PPJC-Pdet) is a count of the positive pointer justifications detected on a particular path on an incoming SDH signal.
MS-NPJC-Pdet
Multiplex Section, Negative Pointer Justification Count, Path Detected (MS-NPJC-Pdet) is a count of the negative pointer justifications detected on a particular path on an incoming SDH signal.
MS-PPJC-Pgen
Multiplex Section, Positive Pointer Justification Count, Path Generated (MS-PPJC-Pgen) is a count of the positive pointer justifications generated for a particular path.
MS-NPJC-Pgen
Multiplex Section, Negative Pointer Justification Count, Path Generated (MS-NPJC-Pgen) is a count of the negative pointer justifications generated for a particular path.
Table 8-22 High-Order VC4 and VC4-Xc Path PMs for the STM-1 Card, Near-End
Parameter
Definition
Note SDH path PMs will not count unless IPPM is enabled. For additional information, see the "Enabling Intermediate-Path Performance Monitoring" section. The far-end IPPM feature is not supported in SDH Software R3.3. However, SDH path PMs can be monitored by logging into the far-end node directly.
HP-EB
High-Order Path Errored Block (HP-EB) indicates one or more bits are in error within a block.
HP-BBE
High-Order Path Background Block Error (HP-BBE) is an errored block not occurring as part of a severely errored second (SES).
HP-ES
High-Order Path Errored Second (HP-ES) is a one second period with one or more errored blocks or at least one defect.
HP-SES
High-Order Path Severely Errored Seconds (HP-SES) is a one-second period containing > 30% errored blocks or at least one defect. SES is a subset of ES.
HP-UAS
High-Order Path Unavailable Seconds (HP-UAS) is a count of the seconds when the VC path was unavailable. A low-order path becomes unavailable when ten consecutive seconds occur that qualify as HP-SESs, and it continues to be unavailable until ten consecutive seconds occur that do not qualify as HP-SESs.
HP-ESR
High-Order Path Errored Second Ratio (HP-ESR) is the ratio of errored seconds to total seconds in available time during a fixed measurement interval.
HP-SESR
High-Order Path Severely Errored Second Ratio (HP-SESR) is the ratio of SES to total seconds in available time during a fixed measurement interval.
HP-BBER
High-Order Path Background Block Error Ratio (HP-BBER) is the ratio of Background Block Errors (BBE) to total blocks in available time during a fixed measurement interval. The count of total blocks excludes all blocks during SESs.
Figure 8-20 shows the signal types that support near-end and far-end PMs. Figure 8-21 shows where overhead bytes detected on the ASICs produce performance monitoring parameters for the STM-4 card.
Figure 8-20 Monitored signal types for the STM-4 card
Note PMs on the protect VC4 are not supported for MS-SPRing.
Figure 8-21 PM read points on the STM-4 card
Note For PM locations relating to protection switch counts, see the GR-1230-CORE document.
Table 8-23 Regenerator Section PMs for the STM-4 Card, Near-End and Far-End
Parameter
Definition
RS-EB
Regenerator Section Errored Block (RS-EB) indicates one or more bits are in error within a block.
RS-BBE
Regenerator Section Background Block Error (RS-BBE) is an errored block not occurring as part of an SES.
RS-ES
Regenerator Section Errored Second (RS-ES) is a one-second period with one or more errored blocks or at least one defect.
RS-SES
Regenerator Section Severely Errored Second (RS-SES) is a one-second period which contains >30% errored blocks or at least one defect. SES is a subset of ES.
Table 8-24 Multiplex Section PMs for the STM-4 Card, Near-End and Far-End
Parameter
Definition
MS-EB
Multiplex Section Errored Block (MS-EB) indicates one or more bits are in error within a block.
MS-BBE
Multiplex Section Background Block Error (MS-BBE) is an errored block not occurring as part of an SES.
MS-ES
Multiplex Section Errored Second (MS-ES) is a one-second period with one or more errored blocks or at least one defect.
MS-SES
Multiplex Section Severely Errored Second (MS-SES) is a one-second period which contains >X% errored blocks or at least one defect. SES is a subset of ES. For more information, see ITU-T G.829 Section 5.1.3.
MS-UAS
Multiplex Section Unavailable Seconds (MS-UAS) is a count of the seconds when the section was unavailable. A section becomes unavailable when ten consecutive seconds occur that qualify as MS-SESs, and it continues to be unavailable until ten consecutive seconds occur that do not qualify as MS-SESs. When the condition is entered, MS-SESs decrement and then count toward MS-UAS.
Table 8-25 Pointer Justification Count PMs for the STM-4 Card, Near-End
Multiplex Section Positive Pointer Justification Count, Path Detected (MS-PPJC-Pdet) is a count of the positive pointer justifications detected on a particular path on an incoming SDH signal.
MS-NPJC-Pdet
Multiplex Section Negative Pointer Justification Count, Path Detected (MS-NPJC-Pdet) is a count of the negative pointer justifications detected on a particular path on an incoming SDH signal.
MS-PPJC-Pgen
Multiplex Section Positive Pointer Justification Count, Path Generated (MS-PPJC-Pgen) is a count of the positive pointer justifications generated for a particular path.
MS-NPJC-Pgen
Multiplex Section Negative Pointer Justification Count, Path Generated (MS-NPJC-Pgen) is a count of the negative pointer justifications generated for a particular path.
Table 8-26 Protection Switch Count PMs for the STM-4 Card, Near-End
Parameter
Definition
For information about Troubleshooting SNCP switch counts, see the alarm troubleshooting information in the Cisco ONS 15454 SDH Troubleshooting and Reference Guide. For information about creating circuits that perform a switch, see "Circuits and Tunnels."
MS-PSC (MS-SPRing)
For a protect line in a 2-fiber ring, Multiplex Section Protection Switching Count (MS-PSC) refers to the number of times a protection switch has occurred either to a particular span's line protection or away from a particular span's line protection. Therefore, if a protection switch occurs on a 2-fiber MS-SPRing, the MS-PSC of the protection span to which the traffic is switched will increment, and when the switched traffic returns to its original working span from the protect span, the MS-PSC of the protect span will increment again.
Note 4-fiber MS-SPRing is not supported on the STM-4 card; therefore, the MS-PSC-S, and MS-PSC-R PMs do not increment.
MS-PSC (1+1 protection)
In a 1 + 1 protection scheme for a working card, Multiplex Section Protection Switching Count (MS-PSC) is a count of the number of times service switches from a working card to a protection card plus the number of times service switches back to the working card.
For a protection card, MS-PSC is a count of the number of times service switches to a working card from a protection card plus the number of times service switches back to the protection card. The MS-PSC PM is only applicable if revertive line-level protection switching is used.
MS-PSD
For an active protection line in a 2-fiber MS-SPRing, Multiplex Section Protection Switching Duration (MS-PSD) is a count of the number of seconds that the protect line is carrying working traffic following the failure of the working line. MS-PSD increments on the active protect line and MS-PSD-W increments on the failed working line.
Note 4-fiber MS-SPRing is not supported on the STM-4 card; therefore, the MS-PSD-S, and MS-PSD-R PMs do not increment.
MS-PSC-W
For a working line in a 2-fiber MS-SPRing, Multiplex Section Protection Switching Count-Working (MS-PSC-W) is a count of the number of times traffic switches away from the working capacity in the failed line and back to the working capacity after the failure is cleared. PSC-W increments on the failed working line and PSC increments on the active protect line.
MS-PSD-W
For a working line in a 2-fiber MS-SPRing, Multiplex Section Protection Switching Duration-Working (MS-PSD-W) is a count of the number of seconds that service was carried on the protection line. MS-PSD-W increments on the failed working line and PSD increments on the active protect line.
Table 8-27 High-Order VC4 and VC4-Xc Path PMs for the STM-4 Card, Near-End
Parameter
Definition
Note SDH path PMs will not count unless IPPM is enabled. For additional information, see the "Enabling Intermediate-Path Performance Monitoring" section. The far-end IPPM feature is not supported in SDH Software R3.3. However, SDH path PMs can be monitored by logging into the far-end node directly.
HP-EB
High-Order Path Errored Block (HP-EB) indicates one or more bits are in error within a block.
HP-BBE
High-Order Path Background Block Error (HP-BBE) is an errored block not occurring as part of a severely errored second (SES).
HP-ES
High-Order Path Errored Second (HP-ES) is a one second period with one or more errored blocks or at least one defect.
HP-SES
High-Order Path Severely Errored Seconds (HP-SES) is a one-second period containing > 30% errored blocks or at least one defect. SES is a subset of ES.
HP-UAS
High-Order Path Unavailable Seconds (HP-UAS) is a count of the seconds when the VC path was unavailable. A low-order path becomes unavailable when ten consecutive seconds occur that qualify as HP-SESs, and it continues to be unavailable until ten consecutive seconds occur that do not qualify as HP-SESs.
HP-ESR
High-Order Path Errored Second Ratio (HP-ESR) is the ratio of errored seconds to total seconds in available time during a fixed measurement interval.
HP-SESR
High-Order Path Severely Errored Second Ratio (HP-SESR) is the ratio of SES to total seconds in available time during a fixed measurement interval.
HP-BBER
High-Order Path Background Block Error Ratio (HP-BBER) is the ratio of Background Block Errors (BBE) to total blocks in available time during a fixed measurement interval. The count of total blocks excludes all blocks during SESs.
8.6.3 STM-16 and STM-64 Card Performance Monitoring Parameters
Figure 8-20 shows the signal types that support near-end and far-end PMs. Figure 8-21 shows where overhead bytes detected on the ASICs produce performance monitoring parameters for the STM-16 and STM-64 cards.
Figure 8-22 Monitored signal types for the STM-16 and STM-64 cards
Note PMs on the protect VC4 are not supported for MS-SPRing.
Figure 8-23 PM read points on the STM-16 and STM-64 cards
Note For PM locations relating to protection switch counts, see the GR-1230-CORE document.
Table 8-28 Regenerator Section PMs for the STM-16 and STM-64 Card, Near-End and Far-End
Parameter
Definition
RS-EB
Regenerator Section Errored Block (RS-EB) indicates one or more bits are in error within a block.
RS-BBE
Regenerator Section Background Block Error (RS-BBE) is an errored block not occurring as part of an SES.
RS-ES
Regenerator Section Errored Second (RS-ES) is a one-second period with one or more errored blocks or at least one defect.
RS-SES
Regenerator Section Severely Errored Second (RS-SES) is a one-second period which contains >30% errored blocks or at least one defect. SES is a subset of ES.
Table 8-29 Multiplex Section PMs for the STM-16 and STM-64 Card, Near-End and Far-End
Parameter
Definition
MS-EB
Multiplex Section Errored Block (MS-EB) indicates one or more bits are in error within a block.
MS-BBE
Multiplex Section Background Block Error (MS-BBE) is an errored block not occurring as part of an SES.
MS-ES
Multiplex Section Errored Second (MS-ES) is a one-second period with one or more errored blocks or at least one defect.
MS-SES
Multiplex Section Severely Errored Second (MS-SES) is a one-second period which contains >X% errored blocks or at least one defect. SES is a subset of ES. For more information, see ITU-T G.829 Section 5.1.3.
MS-UAS
Multiplex Section Unavailable Seconds (MS-UAS) is a count of the seconds when the section was unavailable. A section becomes unavailable when ten consecutive seconds occur that qualify as MS-SESs, and it continues to be unavailable until ten consecutive seconds occur that do not qualify as MS-SESs. When the condition is entered, MS-SESs decrement and then count toward MS-UAS.
Table 8-30 Pointer Justification Count PMs for the STM-16 and STM-64 Cards, Near-End
Multiplex Section Positive Pointer Justification Count, Path Detected (MS-PPJC-Pdet) is a count of the positive pointer justifications detected on a particular path on an incoming SDH signal.
MS-NPJC-Pdet
Multiplex Section Negative Pointer Justification Count, Path Detected (MS-NPJC-Pdet) is a count of the negative pointer justifications detected on a particular path on an incoming SDH signal.
MS-PPJC-Pgen
Multiplex Section Positive Pointer Justification Count, Path Generated (MS-PPJC-Pgen) is a count of the positive pointer justifications generated for a particular path.
MS-NPJC-Pgen
Multiplex Section Negative Pointer Justification Count, Path Generated (MS-PPJC-Pgen) is a count of the negative pointer justifications generated for a particular path.
Table 8-31 Protection Switch Count PMs for the STM-16 and STM-64 Cards, Near-End
Parameter
Definition
For information about Troubleshooting SNCP switch counts, see the alarm troubleshooting information in the Cisco ONS 15454 SDH Troubleshooting and Reference Guide. For information about creating circuits that perform a switch, see "Circuits and Tunnels."
MS-PSC (MS-SPRing)
For a protect line in a 2-fiber ring, Multiplex Section Protection Switching Count (MS-PSC) refers to the number of times a protection switch has occurred either to a particular span's line protection or away from a particular span's line protection. Therefore, if a protection switch occurs on a 2-fiber MS-SPRing, the MS-PSC of the protection span to which the traffic is switched will increment, and when the switched traffic returns to its original working span from the protect span, the MS-PSC of the protect span will increment again.
MS-PSC (1+1 protection)
In a 1 + 1 protection scheme for a working card, Multiplex Section Protection Switching Count (MS-PSC) is a count of the number of times service switches from a working card to a protection card plus the number of times service switches back to the working card.
For a protection card, MS-PSC is a count of the number of times service switches to a working card from a protection card plus the number of times service switches back to the protection card. The MS-PSC PM is only applicable if revertive line-level protection switching is used.
MS-PSD
For an active protection line in a 2-fiber MS-SPRing, Multiplex Section Protection Switching Duration (MS-PSD) is a count of the number of seconds that the protect line is carrying working traffic following the failure of the working line. MS-PSD increments on the active protect line and MS-PSD-W increments on the failed working line.
MS-PSC-W
For a working line in a 2-fiber MS-SPRing, Multiplex Section Protection Switching Count-Working (MS-PSC-W) is a count of the number of times traffic switches away from the working capacity in the failed line and back to the working capacity after the failure is cleared. MS-PSC-W increments on the failed working line and MS-PSC increments on the active protect line.
For a working line in a 4-fiber MS-SPRing, MS-PSC-W is a count of the number of times service switches from a working line to a protection line plus the number of times it switches back to the working line. MS-PSC-W increments on the failed line and MS-PSC-R or MS-PSC-S increments on the active protect line.
MS-PSD-W
For a working line in a 2-fiber MS-SPRing, Multiplex Section Protection Switching Duration-Working (MS-PSD-W) is a count of the number of seconds that service was carried on the protection line. MS-PSD-W increments on the failed working line and MS-PSD increments on the active protect line.
MS-PSC-S
In a 4-fiber MS-SPRing, Multiplex Section Protection Switching Count-Span (MS-PSC-S) is a count of the number of times service switches from a working line to a protection line plus the number of times it switches back to the working line. A count is only incremented if span switching is used.
MS-PSD-S
In a 4-fiber MS-SPRing, Multiplex Section Protection Switching Duration-Span (MS-PSD-S) is a count of the seconds that the protection line was used to carry service. A count is only incremented if span switching is used.
MS-PSC-R
In a 4-fiber MS-SPRing, Multiplex Section Protection Switching Count-Ring (MS-PSC-R) is a count of the number of times service switches from a working line to a protection line plus the number of times it switches back to a working line. A count is only incremented if ring switching is used.
MS-PSD-R
In a 4-fiber MS-SPRing, Multiplex Section Protection Switching Duration-Ring (MS-PSD-R) is a count of the seconds that the protection line was used to carry service. A count is only incremented if ring switching is used.
Table 8-32 High-Order VC4 and VC4-Xc Path PMs for the STM-16 and STM-64 Cards
Parameter
Definition
Note SDH path PMs will not count unless IPPM is enabled. For additional information, see the "Enabling Intermediate-Path Performance Monitoring" section. The far-end IPPM feature is not supported in SDH Software R3.3. However, SDH path PMs can be monitored by logging into the far-end node directly.
HP-EB
High-Order Path Errored Block (HP-EB) indicates one or more bits are in error within a block.
HP-BBE
High-Order Path Background Block Error (HP-BBE) is an errored block not occurring as part of a severely errored second (SES).
HP-ES
High-Order Path Errored Second (HP-ES) is a one second period with one or more errored blocks or at least one defect.
HP-SES
High-Order Path Severely Errored Seconds (HP-SES) is a one-second period containing > 30% errored blocks or at least one defect. SES is a subset of ES.
HP-UAS
High-Order Path Unavailable Seconds (HP-UAS) is a count of the seconds when the VC path was unavailable. A low-order path becomes unavailable when ten consecutive seconds occur that qualify as HP-SESs, and it continues to be unavailable until ten consecutive seconds occur that do not qualify as HP-SESs.
HP-ESR
High-Order Path Errored Second Ratio (HP-ESR) is the ratio of errored seconds to total seconds in available time during a fixed measurement interval.
HP-SESR
High-Order Path Severely Errored Second Ratio (HP-SESR) is the ratio of SES to total seconds in available time during a fixed measurement interval.
HP-BBER
High-Order Path Background Block Error Ratio (HP-BBER) is the ratio of Background Block Errors (BBE) to total blocks in available time during a fixed measurement interval. The count of total blocks excludes all blocks during SESs.
