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Chapter 19. Apache Modules

Modules are a key part of Apache. They provide much of the functionality administrators expect in a modern web server, including user tracking, CGI scripting, authentication, SSL, etc. The set of modules distributed with Apache can be divided into a number of groups. Core modules provide the set of directives that are always available to Apache. The Base modules provide a common set of features for the server and are compiled in by default. You have to manually deselect them during compilation to not install them. The Extension modules comprise another set of common and useful server features, but are not required for every server setup. Therefore, they are not compiled by default. The remaining modules are classified as Experimental; they are either not completed to specification, or introduce instability to some environments.

This chapter contains information about the Base and Extension modules and their directives. The modules are present in versions 1.3 and 2.0, and differences in support are noted per version. Table 19-1 shows the Apache modules described in this chapter.

Table 19-1. Standard Apache modules

Module

Compiled

Description

mod_access

Access control

mod_actions

CGI scripting

mod_alias

Aliasing and filesystem mapping

mod_asis

Provides for .asis (as is) files

mod_auth

User authentication

mod_auth_anon

 

Anonymous user authentication

mod_auth_db

 

User authentication with DB files. (Apache 1.1 to 1.3)

mod_auth_dbm

 

User authentication with DBM files

mod_autoindex

Automatic directory listings

mod_cern_meta

 

Support for CERN metafiles

mod_cgi

Execution of CGI scripts

mod_cgid

Execution of CGI scripts with external daemon (Apache 2.0 and up)

mod_dir

Simple directory handling

mod_dav

 

Support for WevDAV (Apache 2.0 and up)

mod_deflate

 

Compress content sent to the client (Apache 2.0 and up)

mod_env

Environment variable handling

mod_example

 

Example of Apache API usage

mod_expires

 

Automatic expire headers

mod_headers

 

Modification of HTTP response headers

mod_imap

Image map handling

mod_include

Server-side includes

mod_info

 

Server information

mod_isapi

Support for ISAPI extensions in Windows

mod_log_config

Configurable logging

mod_logio

Logs input and output bytes (Apache 2.0 and up)

mod_mime

MIME handling

mod_mime_magic

 

MIME handling via magic numbers

mod_negotiation

Content negotiation

mod_proxy

 

Proxy capabilities

mod_rewrite

 

URL rewriting

mod_setenvif

Conditional setting of environment variables

mod_so

 

Dynamic loading of modules and libraries

mod_speling

 

Spelling corrections

mod_ssl

 

Secure transaction over SSL (Apache 2.0 and up)

mod_status

 

Server status pages

mod_suexec

 

Select user and group for CGI (Apache 2.0 and up)

mod_userdir

User HTML directories

mod_unique_id

 

Unique server request identifiers

mod_usertrack

 

User tracking (cookies)

mod_vhost_alias

 

Dynamic virtual host configuration (Apache 2.0 and up)

This chapter presents an overview of the runtime directives used with the Apache modules. Each of the directives listed in this chapter are grouped in association with the module they relate to.

19.1. mod_access

The mod_access module resolves which clients are allowed to access server directories based on their IP address or hostname.



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