Networking Services

Mozilla is shipped with HP-UX as it is needed as a default browser for accessing the System Management Homepage. Mozilla includes a built-in E-mail client.

If you have installed and use the GNU Emacs editor, you can use its built in E-mail client, rmail.

rlogin, a utility that runs on your local server, communicates with a daemon called rlogind on the remote server, if it is running, to allow you to log into the remote server if you have a valid account on that system.

	IMPORTANT: The protocol supporting rlogin is not a secure protocol. Your login information, including passwords and other information you enter during your login session is sent over the network unencrypted! That information is at risk of being intercepted and misused.

ssh (Secure Shell) provides much more secure remote logins than does the rlogin protocol. It authenticates the remote server (and allows the remote server to authenticate your local server) by using public-key encryption. It uses encryption in all communications with the remote server during your login session.

As with rlogin, telnet generally uses unencrypted communications making your login sessions to remote servers vulnerable to interception. If you are working on a closed network, among servers and users you trust, telnet is available on HP-UX for your use. If secure communications between your local server and the remote server you are trying to login to are important, use ssh.

FTP (file transfer protocol) is an open standard for transferring files between computers. HP-UX, Linux, and Microsoft Windows based computers all support ftp server and client software.

FTP is generally used in interactive mode. The user establishes a connection between their local system (the FTP client) and the remote system (running an FTP server). Once the connection is established, files can be transferred in either direction between the two computers, and the directory structure of either computer can be traversed (within the limits of the user’s access authority) to establish a source and a destination directory for file transfers.

	IMPORTANT: FTP is generally an insecure protocol and files are transferred in the clear (unencrypted). Passwords to establish the connection between the two computers are also sent unencrypted making these transmissions vulnerable to interception and misuse.

sftp (the HP-UX command that implements the SSH file transfer protocol) uses ssh to provide more secure file transfers than does the ftp command. Files are encrypted during transfer and, with some SSH FTP clients, remote file system operations are available as well (for example, removing a file from a remote system).

rcp (remote copy) copies files between two computers.

One of the most notable rcp features is that it can copy an entire directory, traversing the tree as it recursively copies subdirectories and their contents.

Both computers can be remote, both can be the same system (for example, you can use rcp to copy files from one directory to another on your local system or on a remote system), or you can use rcp to copy files to or from a remote system from or to your local system.

rcp can use either a .rhosts file or the Kerberos authentication system for authenticating users.

RCP (like FTP) is generally insecure. For a more secure remote copy protocol, see SSH RCP.

scp (The HP-UX command that implements the secure shell remote copy protocol) uses ssh to securely copy files between two computers.

Primarily used to retrieve web pages for display, HTTP can be used to transfer files

NFS (Network File System) allows you to export file systems or directories from a server to a pre-defined set of servers which in turn will mount the exported file system so that users and processes of those servers can access the remotely mounted file systems as if they were local file systems.

Samba is an implementation of Microsoft’s SMB (Server Message Block) protocol (and other protocols) that allows for a directory and its sub-directories to be shared between multiple computers.