MNLB Feature Set for LocalDirector: Command Reference

Table Of Contents

MNLB Feature Set for LD:
Command Reference

bind

casa service-manager multicast-ttl

casa service-manager port

forwarding-agent

forwarding-agent pool

ip casa

real

redirection

route

show ip casa affinities

show ip casa oper

show ip casa stats

show ip casa wildcard

virtual

Debug Commands

debug ip casa affinities

debug ip casa packets

debug ip casa wildcards

4

MNLB Feature Set for LD:
Command Reference

This section documents the commands used to configure the MNLB Services Manager, Forwarding Agent, and Workload Agent. The commands are listed alphabetically. Parentheses indicate the component for which the command is used.

• bind (SM)

• casa service-manager multicast-ttl (SM)

• casa service-manager port (SM)

• forwarding-agent (FA)

• forwarding-agent pool

• ip casa (FA)

• real (SM)

• redirection (SM)

• route (SM)

• show ip casa affinities (FA)

• show ip casa oper (FA)

• show ip casa stats (FA)

• show ip casa wildcard (FA)

• virtual (SM)

bind

To associate a virtual server with one or more real servers, use the bind command. Use no bind to release an association between a real server and virtual server.

bind virtual_id real_id [real_id...]
[no] bind virtual_id real_id [real_id...]
Syntax Description

virtual_id

Virtual server IP address or name, port number, bind-id, and protocol.

real_id

(Optional) The IP address or name, port (if a port-bound server), bind-id, and protocol of a real server.

Command Modes

Configuration and Replication modes.

Usage Guidelines

Use the virtual and real commands to define the virtual server and real server addresses before using the bind command. Use the bind command to direct network traffic from a virtual server to a real server. If binding a real server to more than one virtual server, each real server must use a unique bind-id.

Example

LocalDirector(config)# bind 172.31.17.1 80 192.168.1.1 192.168.1.2
LocalDirector(config)# bind 172.31.17.1 192.168.1.3 192.168.1.4
LocalDirector(config)# show bind
Virtual Real
172.31.17.1 80 (IS)
192.168.1.2 (IS)
192.168.1.1 (IS)
172.31.17.1 default (IS)
192.168.1.4 (IS)
192.168.1.3 (IS)
LocalDirector(config)# no bind 172.31.17.1 192.168.1.3
LocalDirector(config)# show bind
Virtual Real
172.31.17.1 80 (IS)
192.168.1.2 (IS)
192.168.1.1 (IS)
172.31.17.1 default (IS)
192.168.1.4 (IS)

The following is an example of the binding for a UDP virtual and real server:

Localdirector(config)# bind 192.10.10.101:300:0:udp 192.10.10.1:200:0:udp
Localdirector(config)#
Localdirector(config)# show bind
Virtual Machine(s) Real Machines
192.10.10.101:300:0:udp(OOS)
192.10.10.1:200:0:udp(OOS)
Related Command

show bind

casa service-manager multicast-ttl

Use the casa service-manager multicast-ttl command to change the multicast time-to-live value. Use the no casa service-manager multicast-ttl command to disable the multicast time-to-live value.

casa service-manager multicast-ttl value
[no] casa service-manager multicast-ttl value
Syntax Description

multicast-ttl

The time-to-live interval for IP multicast packet communication between Service Manager and Forwarding Agent components.

Note: If you are running CASA, you must configure ip pim dense. Some Forwarding Agents might be many hops away, so TTL=1 might not work in some cases.

value

The time-to-live value. The default is 3 hops.

Default

The default time-to-live value is 3 hops.

Command Modes

Configuration and Replication modes.

Related Command

casa service-manager port

casa service-manager port

Use the casa service-manager port command to change the Service Manager mulitcast port. Use the no casa service-manager port command to disable the Service Manager mulitcast port.

casa service-manager port port [password password [password_timeout]]
[no] casa service-manager port port [password password [password_timeout]]
Syntax Description

port

The address of the Service Manager port. By default, 1638 is used.

password

(Optional) Specifies the password option.

password

(Optional) The password to enable MD5 encryption for Service Manager communications.

password_timeout

(Optional) The timeout value for the MD5 encryption password, in seconds. A maximum of 65,535 seconds can be specified.

Default

By default, the Service Manager port is 1638.

Command Modes

Configuration and Replication modes.

Usage Guidelines

Use the casa service-manager port command to change the UDP port for the Service Manager used for multicast communication between the components. An optional password and password timeout can be used, which is disabled by default.

The password is the password to be used in MD5 encryption of packets between the Service Manager and Forwarding Agents. A password_timeout value is assigned for two reasons:

•The password_timeout provides a time interval during which non-secured messages are accepted. When you assign a new password, the security feature is enabled. The password_timeout is the grace period during which you can apply this password to all components. After this time interval expires, all non-secure messages are discarded.

•When you remove, delete, or change a password, the password_timeout determines how long the old password is accepted, as well as how long to wait before using the new password when sourcing messages. Again, this gives you a grace period to change the password on all components.

Related Command

casa service-manager multicast-ttl

forwarding-agent

Use the forwarding-agent CASA-port configuration command to specify the port on which the Forwarding Agent will listen for wildcard and fixed affinities. Use the no form of the command to disable listening on that port.

forwarding-agent num [password [password_timeout]]
no forwarding-agent num
Syntax Description

num

Port number on which the Forwarding Agent will listen for wildcards and fixed affinities multicast from the Services Manager. This is also the port used for directed messages to the control address. This number must match the port number defined on the MNLB Services Manager.

password

(Optional) Text password used for generating the MD5 digest.

password_timeout

(Optional) Duration in seconds during which the Forwarding Agent will accept the new and old password. Valid range is between 0 and 3600 seconds. The default is 180 seconds.

Default

The default password timeout is 180 seconds.

The default port for the MNLB Services Manager is 1637.

Command Mode

CASA-port configuration

Usage Guidelines

This command first appeared in Cisco IOS Release 12.0(5)T.

The password is the password to be used in MD5 encryption of packets between the Service Manager and Forwarding Agents. A password_timeout value is assigned for two reasons:

•The password_timeout provides a time interval during which non-secured messages are accepted. When you assign a new password, the security feature is enabled. The password_timeout is the grace period during which you can apply this password to all components. After this time interval expires, all non-secure messages are discarded.

•When you remove, delete, or change a password, the password_timeout determines how long the old password is accepted, as well as how long to wait before using the new password when sourcing messages. Again, this gives you a grace period to change the password on all components.

Example

The following example specifies that the Forwarding Agent will listen for wildcard and fixed affinities on port 1637:

forwarding-agent 1637
Related Commands

show ip casa oper

forwarding-agent pool

To to adjust the memory allocated for the forwarding agent's affinity pools, use the forwarding-agent pool CASA-port configuration command. Use the no form of the command to restore the default memory allocation.

forwarding-agent pool initial_affinity_pool max_affinity_pool
[no] forwarding-agent pool
Syntax Description

initial_affinity_pool

Initial number of memory blocks allocated for use as affinities. The default is 5000.

max_affinity_pool

Maximum number of memory blocks that can be allocated for use as affinities. The default is no maximum.

Defaults

The default initial affinity pool size is 5000 memory blocks. There is no maximum.

Command Modes

CASA-port configuration

Command History

Release

Modification

12.0(5)T

This command was introduced.

Examples

The following example specifies a configuration of 100,000 initial affinity memory block that can increase to a maximum of 1,000,000 entries:

forwarding-agent pool 100000 1000000
Related Commands

Command

Description

show ip casa oper

Displays operational information about the forwarding agent.

ip casa

Use the ip casa global configuration command to configure the router to function as a Forwarding Agent. Use the no form of the command to remove the Forwarding Agent.

ip casa control-address igmp-address
no ip casa
Syntax Description

control-address

IP address of the Forwarding Agent side of the Services Manager/Forwarding Agent tunnel used for sending signals. This address is unique for each Forwarding Agent.

igmp-address

IGMP address on which the Forwarding Agent will listen for wildcard and fixed affinities.

Command Mode

Global configuration

Usage Guidelines

This command first appeared in Cisco IOS Release 12.0(5)T.

Example

The following example specifies the IP address (10.10.4.1) and IGMP address (224.0.1.2) for the Forwarding Agent:

ip casa 10.10.4.1 224.0.1.2
Related Commands

port
show ip casa oper

real

Use the real command to define a real server. Use the no form of the command to remove a real server definition.

real real_name | real_ip[:[port]:[bind-id]:[protocol]] [service-state]
[no] real real_name | real_ip[:[port]:[bind-id]:[protocol]] [service-state]
Syntax Description

real_name

Name of a real server.

real_ip

IP address of a real server.

port

(Optional) Port to use for traffic to run on the real server. Use a colon as a delimiter between the IP address and port number. If you do not identify a specific port, all traffic is allowed to the server and the port is labeled "default." Zero is the same as default. Servers with a port specified are referred to as "port-bound" servers.

bind-id

(Optional) Used with the assign command to direct traffic to a specific location. Use a colon as a delimiter between the bind-id and port number. If you do not specify a bind-id when defining a real server, the default is 0. Any client IP address not identified by an assign command statement is directed to the default bind-id of 0.

protocol

(Optional) Protocol to use. The default value is tcp, but udp and gre are available options. Use a colon as a delimiter between the port number and protocol.

service-state

(Optional) In-service (is) or out-of-service (oos). The default is oos.

Command Modes

Configuration and Replication modes.

Usage Guidelines

Real servers are actual host machines with unique IP addresses that provide IP services to the network. Real servers can still be accessed using their actual IP address.

Use the show real command to check the service state of real servers. Possible service states are:

•In-service (IS)

The server is online and accepting connections.

•Out-of-service (OOS)

The out-of-service command is used to take the server out of service, and connections are not sent to it via the virtual server. Connections addressed to the server's actual IP address are bridged by LocalDirector.

•Failed

The server has not responded to the number of connections set by the threshold command or has responded with the same number of TCP RSTs.

•Testing

After the time set by the retry command has passed, LocalDirector puts a failed real server into testing mode where it gets one live connection from a virtual server. If the real server does not respond or responds with TCP RST, then it goes back to a failed state and a SYSLOG message is generated. If the server responds to the connection, then its state is changed to in-service. Note that LocalDirector does not generate any traffic to test the real server. Instead, a live connection is sent to the server in testing state. If the real server fails and there is no traffic to the virtual server that it is bound to, it stays in testing mode.

Example

Although a space can be used as a delimiter for port-bound servers, a colon is preferred. Note that the port is 0 by default, and the is (in-service) command is used to put the port 80 server in-service when it is defined:

ld(config) 1# real 192.168.1.1
ld(config) 2# real 192.168.1.1:80:tcp is
ld(config) 3# real 192.168.1.1 23
ld(config) 4# show real
Real Machines:
                                               No Answer    TCP Reset    DataIn
Machine             Connect   State  Thresh    Reassigns    Reassigns    Conns
192.168.1.1:23         0       OOS     8          0            0          0
192.168.1.1:80:tcp     0       IS      8          0            0          0
192.168.1.1:0          0       OOS     8          0            0          0

The show real command provides the following information:

Table 4-1 show real Command Field Descriptions

Field

Description

Machine

IP address, port (if a port-bound server), bind_id, and protocol, or name of the server.

Connect

The current number of connections to the server. This does not include direct connections to the server that are bridged by LocalDirector.

State

IS (in-service), OOS (out-of-service), failed, or testing.

Thresh

Threshold value for reassignments before server is marked as failed.

No Answer Reassigns

Number of connections that are not answered by a real server.

TCP Reset Reassigns

Number of connections that are reassigned because a real server responded with a RST on a new connection.

DataIn Conns

Number of clients requesting but not receiving data.

Related Command

show real

redirection

Use the redirection command to set the type of load balancing redirection for the virtual server.

redirection virtual_id {directed | dispatched} [local | casa] [igmp igmp_address] [port port]
[wildcard-ttl seconds] [fixed-ttl seconds]
Syntax Description

virtual_id

The IP address or name, port (if a port-bound server), bind-id, and protocol of a virtual server.

directed

Uses NAT to pass packets to the real server. (NAT replaces the virtual IP address with IP address of the real server.)

dispatched

The IP address of the virtual server is aliased on each real server, making address translation unnecessary. (LocalDirector replaces the MAC address on a packet with that of the real server. Packets are then passed on to a real server, retaining the IP address.)

local

(Optional) Use LocalDirector style of architecture; that is, the style used since version 1.0

casa

(Optional) Use the ContentFlow environment.This keyword is not functional unless LocalDirector is part of the ContentFlow environment.

igmp

(Optional) Multicast group for Service Manager and Forwarding Agent components. This keyword is not functional unless LocalDirector is part of the ContentFlow environment.

igmp_address

(Optional) Multicast group address. The default address is 224.0.1.2.

port

(Optional) Configure the port for ContentFlow communications. This keyword is not functional unless LocalDirector is part of the ContentFlow environment.

port

(Optional) The address of the Forwarding Agent port. By default, 1638 is used.

wildcard-ttl

(Optional) The wildcard-ttl connection objects. This keyword is not functional unless LocalDirector is part of the ContentFlow environment.

fixed-ttl

(Optional) The fixed-ttl connection objects (connections). This keyword is not functional unless LocalDirector is part of the ContentFlow environment.

seconds

(Optional) The number of seconds.

Default

By default, directed mode with local architecture is used.

Command Modes

Configuration and Replication modes.

Usage Guidelines

The redirection command allows you to change the way packets pass through LocalDirector.

Directed mode uses Network Address Translation (NAT) to translate the IP headers in packets. NAT, supported in LocalDirector since version 1.0, provides quick setup with no network address changes, reducing system administration time.

Using NAT may not always be the best solution. Since some protocols embed the IP address within the payload, this can be a problem when a packet is encrypted. Additionally, searching though an entire payload for an IP address is processor-intensive and time-consuming. In these cases, performance can be increased using Dispatched mode.

Dispatched mode increases traffic throughput, but requires assigning an aliased IP address on a real server that matches the virtual IP address on LocalDirector. Dispatched mode should be used for UDP and TCP when the IP address information needs to remain unchanged.

The following casa options are not functional unless LocalDirector is part of the ContentFlow environment:

•Use the casa igmp keyword to set the multicast group address for the components on the LocalDirector. Messages between the Service Manager and Forwarding Agent are sent using multicast to the members of this group. By default, the igmp group address is 224.0.1.2.

•Use the casa wildcard-ttl keyword to set the time-to-live value for the wildcard-affinity connection objects on the Forwarding Agents. The Service Manager is responsible for ensuring the wildcard-affinities are refreshed before they time out. The default value is 1 minute.

•Use the casa fixed-ttl keyword to set the time-to-live value for the fixed-affinity connection objects. The fixed-affinity connection objects default time-to-live value is 1 minute.

Related Command

show redirection

route

Use the route command to add a static route to the IP routing table. Use the no route command to clear the route

route dest_net net_mask gateway [metric]
[no] route dest_net net_mask gateway [metric]
Syntax Description

dest_net

Destination IP network address; if default route, specify as all zeros (0.0.0.0).

net_mask

Subnet mask for the network; if default route, specify as all zeros (0.0.0.0).

gateway

The adjacent gateway to reach the destination IP network.

metric

(Optional) Distance metric (defaults to one).

Command Modes

Configuration and Replication modes.

Usage Guidelines

If you want to change an existing route, you must first use the no route command to clear the route, and then specify the new route with the route command. Defining a new IP route with the route command does not overwrite a route that is already established.

Example

LocalDirector(config)# route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.168.1.1 1
LocalDirector(config)#

Related Commands

clear route
show route

show ip casa affinities

Use the ip casa affinities EXEC command to display statistics about affinities.

show ip casa affinities [stats] | [saddr ipaddr [detail]] | [daddr ipaddr [detail]] | [sport sport [detail]] | [dport dport [detail]] | [protocol protocol [detail]]
Syntax Description

daddr ipaddr

(Optional) Displays affinities for a destination address.

detail

(Optional) Displays detailed affinity information.

dport dport

(Optional) Displays affinities for a destination port.

internal

(Optional) Displays internal ContentFlow information.

protocol protocol

(Optional) Displays protocol of a given TCP connection.

saddr ipaddr

(Optional) Displays source address of a given TCP connection.

sport sport

(Optional) Displays source port of a given TCP connection.

Command Mode

EXEC

Usage Guidelines

This command first appeared in Cisco IOS Release 12.0(5)T.

Sample Displays

The following is sample output of the show ip casa affinities command:

Router# show ip casa affinities

                        Affinity Table
Source Address  Port  Dest Address    Port  Prot
161.44.36.118   1118  172.26.56.13    19    TCP
172.26.56.13    19    161.44.36.118   1118  TCP

The following is sample output of the show ip casa affinities detail command

Router# show ip casa affinities detail

                        Affinity Table
Source Address  Port  Dest Address    Port  Prot
161.44.36.118   1118  172.26.56.13    19    TCP
  Action Details:
    Interest Addr:          172.26.56.19      Interest Port: 1638
    Interest Packet: 0x0102 SYN FRAG
    Interest Tickle: 0x0005 FIN RST
    Dispatch (Layer 2):     YES               Dispatch Address: 172.26.56.33

Source Address  Port  Dest Address    Port  Prot
172.26.56.13    19    161.44.36.118   1118  TCP
  Action Details:
    Interest Addr:          172.26.56.19      Interest Port: 1638
    Interest Packet: 0x0104 RST FRAG
    Interest Tickle: 0x0003 FIN SYN
    Dispatch (Layer 2):     NO                Dispatch Address: 0.0.0.0

describes significant fields shown in the display.

Table 1 Show IP Casa Affinities Field Descriptions

Field

Description

Source Address

Source address of a given connection.

Port

Source port of a given connection.

Dest Address

Destination address of a given connection.

Port

Destination of a given connection.

Prot

Protocol of a given connection.

Action Details

Actions to be taken on a match.

Interest Addr

Service Manager that is to receive interest packets for this affinity.

Interest Port

Service Manager port to which interest packets are sent.

Interest Packet

List of packet types that the Service Manager is interested in.

Interest Tickle

List of packet types for which the Service Manager wants entire packet.

Dispatch (Layer 2)

Layer 2 destination information will be modified.

Dispatch Address

Address of the real serve.

Related Commands

port
show ip casa oper

show ip casa oper

Use the show ip casa oper command to display operational information.

show ip casa oper
Syntax Description

This command has no arguments or keywords.

Command Mode

EXEC

Usage Guidelines

This command first appeared in Cisco IOS Release 12.0(5)T.

Sample Displays

The following is sample output of the show ip casa oper command:

Router# show ip casa oper

Casa is Active
  Casa control address is 206.10.20.34/32
  Casa multicast address is 224.0.1.2
  Listening for wildcards on:
    Port:1637
      Current passwd:NONE Pending passwd:NONE
      Passwd timeout:180 sec (Default)

describes significant fields shown in the display.

Table 2 Show IP Casa Oper Field Descriptions

Field

Description

Casa is Active

The ContentFlow architecture is active.

Casa control address

Unique address for this Forwarding Agent.

Casa multicast address

Services Manager broadcast address.

Listening for wildcards on

Port on which the forwarding agent will listen.

Port

Services Manager broadcast port.

Current passwd

Current password.

Pending passwd

Password that will override the current password.

Passwd timeout

Interval after which the pending password becomes the current password.

show ip casa stats

Use the show ip casa stats command to display statistical information.

show ip casa stats
Syntax Description

This command has no arguments or keywords.

Command Mode

EXEC

Usage Guidelines

This command first appeared in Cisco IOS Release 12.0(5)T.

Sample Displays

The following is sample output of the show ip casa stats command:

Router# show ip casa stat

Casa is active:
Wildcard Stats:
Wildcards: 6 Max Wildcards: 6
Wildcard Denies: 0 Wildcard Drops: 0
Pkts Throughput: 441 Bytes Throughput: 39120
Affinity Stats:
Affinities: 2 Max Affinities: 2
Cache Hits: 444 Cache Misses: 0
Affinity Drops: 0
Casa Stats:
Int Packet: 4 Int Tickle: 0
Casa Denies: 0 Drop Count: 0

describes significant fields shown in the display.

Table 3 Show IP Casa Stats Field Descriptions

Field

Description

Casa is Active

Description

Wildcard Stats

The ContentFlow architecture is active.

Wildcards

Wildcard statistics.

Max Wildcards

Number of current wildcards.

Wildcard Denies

Maximum number of wildcards since the ContentFlow architecture became active.

Wildcard Drops

Protocol violations.

Pkts Throughput

No memory to install wildcard.

Bytes Throughput

Number of packets passed through all wildcards.

Affinity Stats

Number of bytes passed through all wildcards.

Affinities

Affinity statistics.

Max Affinities

Current number of affinities.

Cache Hits

Maximum number of affinities since the ContentFlow architecture became active.

Cache Misses

Number of packets that match wildcards and fixed affinities.

Affinity Drops

Matched wildcard, missed fix.

Casa Stats

Number of times an affinity could not be created.

Int Packet

ContentFlow statistics.

Int Tickle

Interest packets.

Casa Denies

Interest tickles.

Drop Count

Protocol violation.

show ip casa wildcard

Use the show ip casa wildcard command to display information about wildcard affinities.

show ip casa wildcard [detail]
Syntax Description

detail

(Optional) Displays detailed statistics.

Command Mode

EXEC

Usage Guidelines

This command first appeared in Cisco IOS Release 12.0(5)T.

Sample Displays

The following is sample output of the show ip casa wildcard command:

Router# show ip casa wildcard

Source Address Source Mask Port Dest Address Dest Mask Port Prot
0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 0 172.26.56.2 255.255.255.255 0 ICMP
0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 0 172.26.56.2 255.255.255.255 0 TCP
0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 0 172.26.56.13 255.255.255.255 0 ICMP
0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 0 172.26.56.13 255.255.255.255 0 TCP
172.26.56.2 255.255.255.255 0 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 0 TCP
172.26.56.13 255.255.255.255 0 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 0 TCP

The following is sample output of the show ip casa wildcard detail command:

router#sh ip casa wild detail
Source Address Source Mask Port Dest Address Dest Mask Port Prot
0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 0 172.26.56.2 255.255.255.255 0 ICMP
Service Manager Details:
Manager Addr: 172.26.56.19 Insert Time: 08:21:27 UTC 04/18/96
Affinity Statistics:
Affinity Count: 0 Interest Packet Timeouts: 0
Packet Statistics:
Packets: 0 Bytes: 0
Action Details:
Interest Addr: 172.26.56.19 Interest Port: 1638
Interest Packet: 0x8000 ALLPKTS
Interest Tickle: 0x0107 FIN SYN RST FRAG
Dispatch (Layer 2): NO Dispatch Address: 0.0.0.0
Advertise Dest Address: YES Match Fragments: NO

Source Address Source Mask Port Dest Address Dest Mask Port Prot
0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 0 172.26.56.2 255.255.255.255 0 TCP
Service Manager Details:
Manager Addr: 172.26.56.19 Insert Time: 08:21:27 UTC 04/18/96
Affinity Statistics:
Affinity Count: 0 Interest Packet Timeouts: 0
Packet Statistics:
Packets: 0 Bytes: 0
Action Details:
Interest Addr: 172.26.56.19 Interest Port: 1638
Interest Packet: 0x8102 SYN FRAG ALLPKTS
Interest Tickle: 0x0005 FIN RST
Dispatch (Layer 2): NO Dispatch Address: 0.0.0.0
Advertise Dest Address: YES Match Fragments: NO

describes significant fields shown in the display.

Note   If a filter is not set, the filter is not active.

Table 4 Show IP Casa Wildcard Field Descriptions

Field

Description

Source Address

Source address of a given TCP connection.

Source Mask

Mask to apply to source address before matching.

Port

Source port of a given TCP connection.

Dest Address

Destination address of a given TCP connection.

Dest Mask

Mask to apply to destination address before matching.

Port

Destination port of a given TCP connection.

Prot

Protocol of a given TCP connection.

Service Manager Details

Service Manager details.

Manager Addr

Source address of this wildcard.

Insert Time

System time at which this wildcard was inserted.

Affinity Statistics

Affinity statistics.

Affinity Count

Number of affinities created on behalf of this wildcard.

Interest Packet Timeouts

Number of unanswered interest packets.

Packet Statistics

Packet statistics.

Packets

Number of packets that match this wildcard.

Bytes

Number of bytes that match this wildcard.

Action Details

Actions to be taken on a match.

Interest Addr

Service Manager that is to receive interest packets for this wildcard.

Interest Port

Service Manager port to which interest packets are sent.

Interest Packet

List of packet types that the Service Manager is interested in.

Interest Tickle

List of packet types for which the Service Manager wants the entire packet.

Dispatch (Layer 2)

Layer 2 destination information will be modified.

Dispatch Address

Address of the real server.

Advertise Dest Address

Destination address.

Match Fragments

Does wildcard also match fragments? (boolean)

virtual

Create a virtual server to accept a connection from the network.

virtual virtual_name | virtual_ip [:[virtual_port]:[bind-id]:[protocol]]
[service-state]
[no] virtual virtual_name | virtual_ip [:[virtual_port]:[bind-id]:[protocol]] [service-state]
Syntax Description

virtual_name

Name of the virtual server being defined.

virtual_ip

IP address of the virtual server being defined.

virtual_port

(Optional) Port traffic that runs on the server. Use a colon as a delimiter between the IP address and port number. If you do not identify a specific port, all traffic is allowed to the server and the port is labeled 0. Servers with a port specified are referred to as "port-bound" servers.

bind-id

(Optional) Used with the assign command to direct traffic to a specific location. Use a colon as a delimiter between the bind-id and port number. If you do not specify a bind-id when defining a virtual server, the default is 0. Any client IP address not identified by an assign command statement will be directed to the default bind-id of 0.

protocol

(Optional) Protocol to use. The default value is tcp, but udp and gre are available options. Use a colon as a delimiter between the bind-id and protocol.

service-state

(Optional) In-service (is) or out-of-service (oos). The default is oos.

Command Mode

Configuration

Usage Guidelines

The virtual command creates a virtual server to accept a connection from the network. Virtual servers present a single address for a group of real servers and load balance service requests between the real servers in a site. The virtual server IP address is published to the user community, but the real IP address remain unpublished.

If you are using directed mode, and the published or "advertised" addresses are different from internal addresses, the IP address of LocalDirector must be on the network from which you want to access LocalDirector. That is, if your virtual servers are on network 204.31.17.x, and your real servers are on network 192.168.89.x, then the IP address of LocalDirector should be either 204.31.17.x (if accessing LocalDirector from outside) or 192.168.89.x (if accessing LocalDirector from inside). Here accessing means using Telnet, SNMP, or SYSLOG to connect to LocalDirector. Virtual server addresses can only be accessed from the client side of LocalDirector.

If you are using dispatched mode, you can create an alias IP address on LocalDirector and keep it in a subnet different from the location of the real servers.

Specify the IP address of LocalDirector with the ip address command before defining virtual servers. If no real servers are bound to the virtual server, the no virtual command can be used to remove the virtual server from LocalDirector.

Note   If you define a port-bound virtual server and there is no real server with that port defined (or a real server configured for default ports), the client is sent a TCP RST when a connection to that port is attempted.

On Catalyst 6000 Family Switches, if you use FTP sessions with MNLB you must configure a port-bound virtual server bound to port 21 on the MNLB Services Manager.

Examples

The port and bind-id are optional when defining virtual servers. Although a space can be used as a delimiter for the port, a colon is preferred and must be used with the bind-id. Note that the port and bind-id are 0 by default:

ld(config) 5# virtual 10.10.10.1:80:tcp
ld(config) 6# virtual 10.10.10.1:443:1:tcp
ld(config) 7# virtual 10.10.10.1
ld(config) 8# show virtual

Machines:
Machine               Mode       State  Connect  Sticky   Predictor    Slowstart
10.10.10.1:80:0:tcp   directed    OOS     0        0      leastconns   roundrobin*
10.10.10.1:443:1:tcp  directed    OOS     0        0      leastconns   roundrobin*
10.10.10.1:0:0:tcp    directed    OOS     0        0      leastconns   roundrobin*

In the following example, note the use of the name command. The name is used with the port and bind-id to identify the server (virtual_id):

ld(config) 9# name 10.10.10.1 lucky
ld(config) 0# is virtual lucky:80
ld(config) 1# sticky lucky:443:1 10
ld(config) 2# show virtual
Virtual Machines:
Machine Mode State Connect Sticky Predictor Slowstart
lucky:80:0 directed IS 0 0 leastconns roundrobin*
lucky:443:1 directed OOS 0 10 leastconns roundrobin*
lucky:0:0 directed OOS 0 0 leastconns roundrobin*

To remove a virtual server you have to first remove any bind association to real servers. For example:

LocalDirector(config) 5# show virtual
Virtual Machines:
Machine Mode State Connect Sticky Predictor Slowstart
192.168.0.98:0:0 directed OOS 0 0 leastconns roundrobin*
192.168.0.99:0:0 directed IS 0 0 leastconns roundrobin*
LocalDirector(config) 6# show bind
Virtual Real
192.168.0.98:0:0(OOS)
192.168.0.3:0(OOS)
192.168.0.99:0:0(IS)
192.168.0.1:0(IS)
192.168.0.2:0(IS)
LocalDirector(config) 7# no virtual 192.168.0.98:0:0
Must unbind all reals before removing virtual.
LocalDirector(config) 8# no bind 192.168.0.98:0:0 192.168.0.3:0
LocalDirector(config) 9# no virtual 192.168.0.98:0:0
LocalDirector(config) 0# show virtual
Virtual Machines:
Machine Mode State Connect Sticky Predictor Slowstart
2.168.0.99:0:0 directed IS 0 0 leastconns roundrobin*
LocalDirector(config) 1#

The show virtual command indicates the service state of virtual servers. Possible service states are:

•In-service (IS)

The virtual server accepting connections.

•Out-of-service (OOS)

The out-of-service command was used to take the virtual server off-line, and it is not accepting traffic for load balancing. Connections addressed to the virtual server will be dropped.

•Failed

The virtual server is unable to direct traffic to real servers. The real servers bound to the virtual server are either out of service or failed.

•Max

All real servers bound to the virtual server have reached the value set with the maxconns command. They are not accepting connections even though the servers are in-service.

Table 4-2 show virtual Command Field Descriptions

Column heading

Description

Machine

IP address or name of the server, port (if a port-bound server), and protocol.

Mode

Directed or dispatched mode.

State

IS (in-service), OOS (out-of-service), or Max. Max means the server has reached maximum connections set with the maxconns command.

Connect

Number of connections to the server.

Sticky

Elapsed time of inactivity before connection is sent to another server.

Predictor

Type of load balancing. An asterisk (*) indicates that this predictor is active.

Slowstart

Slowstart option set with predictor command (roundrobin or none). An asterisk (*) indicates that this predictor is active.

Related Commands

ip address
show virtual

Debug Commands

This section documents the debug commands. A range of command modifiers is available to limit the output to the specific area of interest.

debug ip casa affinities

Use the debug ip casa affinities Global configuration command to enable debugging for affinities. Use the no form of this command to disable debugging.

debug ip casa affinities
no debug ip casa affinities
Syntax Description

This command has no arguments or keywords.

Default

Disabled

Command Mode

Privileged EXEC

Usage Guidelines

This command first appeared in Cisco IOS Release 12.0(5)T.

Sample Display

The following is output from the debug ip casa affinities command:

Router# debug ip casa affinities

16:15:36:Adding fixed affinity:
16:15:36:    10.10.1.1:54787 -> 10.10.10.10:23 proto = 6
16:15:36:Updating fixed affinity:
16:15:36:    10.10.1.1:54787 -> 10.10.10.10:23 proto = 6
16:15:36:    flags = 0x2, appl addr = 10.10.3.2, interest = 0x5/0x100
16:15:36:    int ip:port = 10.10.2.2:1638, sequence delta = 0/0/0/0
16:15:36:Adding fixed affinity:
16:15:36:    10.10.10.10:23 -> 10.10.1.1:54787 proto = 6
16:15:36:Updating fixed affinity:
16:15:36:    10.10.10.10:23 -> 10.10.1.1:54787 proto = 6
16:15:36:    flags = 0x2, appl addr = 0.0.0.0, interest = 0x3/0x104
16:15:36:    int ip:port = 10.10.2.2:1638, sequence delta = 0/0/0/0

describes significant fields of the debug output.

Table 5

Field

Description

Adding fixed affinity

Adding a fixed affinity to affinity table.

Updating fixed affinity

Modifying a fixed affinity table with information from the Service Manager.

flags

Bit field indicating actions to be taken on this affinity.

fwd addr

Address to which packets will be directed.

interest

Service Manager that's interested in packets for this affinity.

int ip:port

Service Manager port to which interest packets are sent.

sequence delta

Used to adjust TCP sequence numbers for this affinity.

Debug IP Casa Affinities Field Descriptions

debug ip casa packets

Use the debug ip casa packets Global configuration command to enable debugging for packets. Use the no form of this command to disable debugging.

debug ip casa packets
no debug ip casa packets
Syntax Description

This command has no arguments or keywords.

Default

Disabled

Command Mode

Privileged EXEC

Usage Guidelines

This command first appeared in Cisco IOS Release 12.0(5)T.

Sample Display

The following is output from the debug ip casa packets command:

Router# debug ip casa packets

16:15:36:Routing CASA packet - TO_MGR:
16:15:36:    10.10.1.1:55299 -> 10.10.10.10:23 proto = 6
16:15:36:    Interest Addr:10.10.2.2 Port:1638
16:15:36:Routing CASA packet - FWD_PKT:
16:15:36:    10.10.1.1:55299 -> 10.10.10.10:23 proto = 6
16:15:36:    Fwd Addr:10.10.3.2
16:15:36:Routing CASA packet - TO_MGR:
16:15:36:    10.10.10.10:23 -> 10.10.1.1:55299 proto = 6
16:15:36:    Interest Addr:10.10.2.2 Port:1638
16:15:36:Routing CASA packet - FWD_PKT:
16:15:36:    10.10.10.10:23 -> 10.10.1.1:55299 proto = 6
16:15:36:    Fwd Addr:0.0.0.0
16:15:36:Routing CASA packet - TICKLE:
16:15:36:    10.10.10.10:23 -> 10.10.1.1:55299 proto = 6
16:15:36:    Interest Addr:10.10.2.2 Port:1638  Interest Mask:SYN
16:15:36:    Fwd Addr:0.0.0.0
16:15:36:Routing CASA packet - FWD_PKT:
16:15:36:    10.10.1.1:55299 -> 10.10.10.10:23 proto = 6
16:15:36:    Fwd Addr:10.10.3.2

describes significant fields in the debug output.

Table 6

Field

Description

Routing CASA packet - TO_MGR

Forwarding Agent is routing a packet to the Service Manager.

Routing CASA packet - FWD_PKT

Forwarding Agent is routing a packet to the forwarding address.

Routing CASA packet - TICKLE

Forwarding Agent is signalling Service Manager while allowing the packet in question to take the appropriate action.

Interest Addr

Service Manager address.

Interest Port

Port on the Service Manager where packet is sent.

Fwd Addr

Address to which packets matching the affinity are sent.

Interest Mask

Service Manager that is interested in packets for this affinity.

Debug IP Casa Packets Field Descriptions

debug ip casa wildcards

Use the debug ip casa wildcards Global configuration command to enable debugging for wildcards. Use the no form of this command to disable debugging.

debug ip casa wildcards
no debug ip casa wildcards
Syntax Description

This command has no arguments or keywords.

Default

Disabled

Command Mode

Privileged EXEC

Usage Guidelines

This command first appeared in Cisco IOS Release 12.0(5)T.

Sample Display

The following is output from the debug ip casa wildcards command:

Router# debug ip casa wildcards

16:13:23:Updating wildcard affinity:
16:13:23:    10.10.10.10:0 -> 0.0.0.0:0 proto = 6
16:13:23:    src mask = 255.255.255.255, dest mask = 0.0.0.0
16:13:23:    no frag, not advertising
16:13:23:    flags = 0x0, appl addr = 0.0.0.0, interest = 0x8107/0x8104
16:13:23:    int ip:port = 10.10.2.2:1638, sequence delta = 0/0/0/0
16:13:23:Updating wildcard affinity:
16:13:23:    0.0.0.0:0 -> 10.10.10.10:0 proto = 6
16:13:23:    src mask = 0.0.0.0, dest mask = 255.255.255.255
16:13:23:    no frag, advertising
16:13:23:    flags = 0x0, appl addr = 0.0.0.0, interest = 0x8107/0x8102
16:13:23    int ip:port = 10.10.2.2:1638, sequence delta = 0/0/0/0

describes significant fields in the debug output.

Table 7

Field

Description

src mask

Source of a given connection.

dest mask

Destination of a given connection.

no frag, not advertising

Not accepting IP fragments.

flags

Bit field indicating actions to be taken on this affinity.

fwd addr

Address to which packets matching the affinity will be directed.

interest

Service Manager that's interested in packets for this affinity.

int ip: port

Service Manager port to which interest packets are sent.

sequence delta

Used to adjust sequence numbers for this affinity.

Debug IP Casa Wildcards Field Descriptions

virtual_id	Virtual server IP address or name, port number, bind-id, and protocol.
real_id	(Optional) The IP address or name, port (if a port-bound server), bind-id, and protocol of a real server.

multicast-ttl	The time-to-live interval for IP multicast packet communication between Service Manager and Forwarding Agent components. Note: If you are running CASA, you must configure ip pim dense. Some Forwarding Agents might be many hops away, so TTL=1 might not work in some cases.
value	The time-to-live value. The default is 3 hops.

port	The address of the Service Manager port. By default, 1638 is used.
password	(Optional) Specifies the password option.
password	(Optional) The password to enable MD5 encryption for Service Manager communications.
password_timeout	(Optional) The timeout value for the MD5 encryption password, in seconds. A maximum of 65,535 seconds can be specified.

num	Port number on which the Forwarding Agent will listen for wildcards and fixed affinities multicast from the Services Manager. This is also the port used for directed messages to the control address. This number must match the port number defined on the MNLB Services Manager.
password	(Optional) Text password used for generating the MD5 digest.
password_timeout	(Optional) Duration in seconds during which the Forwarding Agent will accept the new and old password. Valid range is between 0 and 3600 seconds. The default is 180 seconds.

initial_affinity_pool	Initial number of memory blocks allocated for use as affinities. The default is 5000.
max_affinity_pool	Maximum number of memory blocks that can be allocated for use as affinities. The default is no maximum.

Command	Description
show ip casa oper	Displays operational information about the forwarding agent.

control-address	IP address of the Forwarding Agent side of the Services Manager/Forwarding Agent tunnel used for sending signals. This address is unique for each Forwarding Agent.
igmp-address	IGMP address on which the Forwarding Agent will listen for wildcard and fixed affinities.

real_name	Name of a real server.
real_ip	IP address of a real server.
port	(Optional) Port to use for traffic to run on the real server. Use a colon as a delimiter between the IP address and port number. If you do not identify a specific port, all traffic is allowed to the server and the port is labeled "default." Zero is the same as default. Servers with a port specified are referred to as "port-bound" servers.
bind-id	(Optional) Used with the assign command to direct traffic to a specific location. Use a colon as a delimiter between the bind-id and port number. If you do not specify a bind-id when defining a real server, the default is 0. Any client IP address not identified by an assign command statement is directed to the default bind-id of 0.
protocol	(Optional) Protocol to use. The default value is tcp, but udp and gre are available options. Use a colon as a delimiter between the port number and protocol.
service-state	(Optional) In-service (is) or out-of-service (oos). The default is oos.

Field	Description
Machine	IP address, port (if a port-bound server), bind_id, and protocol, or name of the server.
Connect	The current number of connections to the server. This does not include direct connections to the server that are bridged by LocalDirector.
State	IS (in-service), OOS (out-of-service), failed, or testing.
Thresh	Threshold value for reassignments before server is marked as failed.
No Answer Reassigns	Number of connections that are not answered by a real server.
TCP Reset Reassigns	Number of connections that are reassigned because a real server responded with a RST on a new connection.
DataIn Conns	Number of clients requesting but not receiving data.

virtual_id	The IP address or name, port (if a port-bound server), bind-id, and protocol of a virtual server.
directed	Uses NAT to pass packets to the real server. (NAT replaces the virtual IP address with IP address of the real server.)
dispatched	The IP address of the virtual server is aliased on each real server, making address translation unnecessary. (LocalDirector replaces the MAC address on a packet with that of the real server. Packets are then passed on to a real server, retaining the IP address.)
local	(Optional) Use LocalDirector style of architecture; that is, the style used since version 1.0
casa	(Optional) Use the ContentFlow environment.This keyword is not functional unless LocalDirector is part of the ContentFlow environment.
igmp	(Optional) Multicast group for Service Manager and Forwarding Agent components. This keyword is not functional unless LocalDirector is part of the ContentFlow environment.
igmp_address	(Optional) Multicast group address. The default address is 224.0.1.2.
port	(Optional) Configure the port for ContentFlow communications. This keyword is not functional unless LocalDirector is part of the ContentFlow environment.
port	(Optional) The address of the Forwarding Agent port. By default, 1638 is used.
wildcard-ttl	(Optional) The wildcard-ttl connection objects. This keyword is not functional unless LocalDirector is part of the ContentFlow environment.
fixed-ttl	(Optional) The fixed-ttl connection objects (connections). This keyword is not functional unless LocalDirector is part of the ContentFlow environment.
seconds	(Optional) The number of seconds.

dest_net	Destination IP network address; if default route, specify as all zeros (0.0.0.0).
net_mask	Subnet mask for the network; if default route, specify as all zeros (0.0.0.0).
gateway	The adjacent gateway to reach the destination IP network.
metric	(Optional) Distance metric (defaults to one).

daddr ipaddr	(Optional) Displays affinities for a destination address.
detail	(Optional) Displays detailed affinity information.
dport dport	(Optional) Displays affinities for a destination port.
internal	(Optional) Displays internal ContentFlow information.
protocol protocol	(Optional) Displays protocol of a given TCP connection.
saddr ipaddr	(Optional) Displays source address of a given TCP connection.
sport sport	(Optional) Displays source port of a given TCP connection.

Field	Description
Source Address	Source address of a given connection.
Port	Source port of a given connection.
Dest Address	Destination address of a given connection.
Port	Destination of a given connection.
Prot	Protocol of a given connection.
Action Details	Actions to be taken on a match.
Interest Addr	Service Manager that is to receive interest packets for this affinity.
Interest Port	Service Manager port to which interest packets are sent.
Interest Packet	List of packet types that the Service Manager is interested in.
Interest Tickle	List of packet types for which the Service Manager wants entire packet.
Dispatch (Layer 2)	Layer 2 destination information will be modified.
Dispatch Address	Address of the real serve.

Field	Description
Casa is Active	The ContentFlow architecture is active.
Casa control address	Unique address for this Forwarding Agent.
Casa multicast address	Services Manager broadcast address.
Listening for wildcards on	Port on which the forwarding agent will listen.
Port	Services Manager broadcast port.
Current passwd	Current password.
Pending passwd	Password that will override the current password.
Passwd timeout	Interval after which the pending password becomes the current password.

Field	Description
Casa is Active	Description
Wildcard Stats	The ContentFlow architecture is active.
Wildcards	Wildcard statistics.
Max Wildcards	Number of current wildcards.
Wildcard Denies	Maximum number of wildcards since the ContentFlow architecture became active.
Wildcard Drops	Protocol violations.
Pkts Throughput	No memory to install wildcard.
Bytes Throughput	Number of packets passed through all wildcards.
Affinity Stats	Number of bytes passed through all wildcards.
Affinities	Affinity statistics.
Max Affinities	Current number of affinities.
Cache Hits	Maximum number of affinities since the ContentFlow architecture became active.
Cache Misses	Number of packets that match wildcards and fixed affinities.
Affinity Drops	Matched wildcard, missed fix.
Casa Stats	Number of times an affinity could not be created.
Int Packet	ContentFlow statistics.
Int Tickle	Interest packets.
Casa Denies	Interest tickles.
Drop Count	Protocol violation.

Field	Description
Source Address	Source address of a given TCP connection.
Source Mask	Mask to apply to source address before matching.
Port	Source port of a given TCP connection.
Dest Address	Destination address of a given TCP connection.
Dest Mask	Mask to apply to destination address before matching.
Port	Destination port of a given TCP connection.
Prot	Protocol of a given TCP connection.
Service Manager Details	Service Manager details.
Manager Addr	Source address of this wildcard.
Insert Time	System time at which this wildcard was inserted.
Affinity Statistics	Affinity statistics.
Affinity Count	Number of affinities created on behalf of this wildcard.
Interest Packet Timeouts	Number of unanswered interest packets.
Packet Statistics	Packet statistics.
Packets	Number of packets that match this wildcard.
Bytes	Number of bytes that match this wildcard.
Action Details	Actions to be taken on a match.
Interest Addr	Service Manager that is to receive interest packets for this wildcard.
Interest Port	Service Manager port to which interest packets are sent.
Interest Packet	List of packet types that the Service Manager is interested in.
Interest Tickle	List of packet types for which the Service Manager wants the entire packet.
Dispatch (Layer 2)	Layer 2 destination information will be modified.
Dispatch Address	Address of the real server.
Advertise Dest Address	Destination address.
Match Fragments	Does wildcard also match fragments? (boolean)

virtual_name	Name of the virtual server being defined.
virtual_ip	IP address of the virtual server being defined.
virtual_port	(Optional) Port traffic that runs on the server. Use a colon as a delimiter between the IP address and port number. If you do not identify a specific port, all traffic is allowed to the server and the port is labeled 0. Servers with a port specified are referred to as "port-bound" servers.
bind-id	(Optional) Used with the assign command to direct traffic to a specific location. Use a colon as a delimiter between the bind-id and port number. If you do not specify a bind-id when defining a virtual server, the default is 0. Any client IP address not identified by an assign command statement will be directed to the default bind-id of 0.
protocol	(Optional) Protocol to use. The default value is tcp, but udp and gre are available options. Use a colon as a delimiter between the bind-id and protocol.
service-state	(Optional) In-service (is) or out-of-service (oos). The default is oos.

Column heading	Description
Machine	IP address or name of the server, port (if a port-bound server), and protocol.
Mode	Directed or dispatched mode.
State	IS (in-service), OOS (out-of-service), or Max. Max means the server has reached maximum connections set with the maxconns command.
Connect	Number of connections to the server.
Sticky	Elapsed time of inactivity before connection is sent to another server.
Predictor	Type of load balancing. An asterisk (*) indicates that this predictor is active.
Slowstart	Slowstart option set with predictor command (roundrobin or none). An asterisk (*) indicates that this predictor is active.

Field	Description
Adding fixed affinity	Adding a fixed affinity to affinity table.
Updating fixed affinity	Modifying a fixed affinity table with information from the Service Manager.
flags	Bit field indicating actions to be taken on this affinity.
fwd addr	Address to which packets will be directed.
interest	Service Manager that's interested in packets for this affinity.
int ip:port	Service Manager port to which interest packets are sent.
sequence delta	Used to adjust TCP sequence numbers for this affinity.

Field	Description
Routing CASA packet - TO_MGR	Forwarding Agent is routing a packet to the Service Manager.
Routing CASA packet - FWD_PKT	Forwarding Agent is routing a packet to the forwarding address.
Routing CASA packet - TICKLE	Forwarding Agent is signalling Service Manager while allowing the packet in question to take the appropriate action.
Interest Addr	Service Manager address.
Interest Port	Port on the Service Manager where packet is sent.
Fwd Addr	Address to which packets matching the affinity are sent.
Interest Mask	Service Manager that is interested in packets for this affinity.

Table Of Contents

4

MNLB Feature Set for LD:Command Reference

bind

Syntax Description

Command Modes

Usage Guidelines

Example

Related Command

casa service-manager multicast-ttl

Syntax Description

Default

Command Modes

Related Command

casa service-manager port

Syntax Description

Default

Command Modes

Usage Guidelines

Related Command

forwarding-agent

Syntax Description

Default

Command Mode

Usage Guidelines

Example

Related Commands

forwarding-agent pool

Syntax Description

Defaults

Command Modes

Command History

Examples

Related Commands

ip casa

Syntax Description

Command Mode

Usage Guidelines

Example

Related Commands

real

Syntax Description

Command Modes

Usage Guidelines

Example

Related Command

redirection

Syntax Description

Default

Command Modes

Usage Guidelines

Related Command

route

Syntax Description

Command Modes

Usage Guidelines

Example

Related Commands

show ip casa affinities

Syntax Description

Command Mode

Usage Guidelines

Sample Displays

Related Commands

show ip casa oper

Syntax Description

Command Mode

Usage Guidelines

Sample Displays

show ip casa stats

Syntax Description

Command Mode

Usage Guidelines

Sample Displays

show ip casa wildcard

Syntax Description

Command Mode

Usage Guidelines

Sample Displays

virtual

MNLB Feature Set for LD:
Command Reference

Field	Description
src mask	Source of a given connection.
dest mask	Destination of a given connection.
no frag, not advertising	Not accepting IP fragments.
flags	Bit field indicating actions to be taken on this affinity.
fwd addr	Address to which packets matching the affinity will be directed.
interest	Service Manager that's interested in packets for this affinity.
int ip: port	Service Manager port to which interest packets are sent.
sequence delta	Used to adjust sequence numbers for this affinity.