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Table Of Contents
Understanding the User Interface
ATM Accounting File Configuration Mode
ATM Accounting Selection Configuration Mode
ATM E.164 Translation Table Configuration Mode
ATM Signaling Diagnostics Configuration Mode
Configuring Help for Terminal Sessions
Displaying Context-Sensitive Help
Using the Command History Features
Setting the Command History Buffer Size
Disabling the Command History Feature
Enabling Enhanced Editing Mode
Moving Around on the Command Line
Completing a Partial Command Name
Editing Command Lines that Wrap
Scrolling Down a Line or a Screen
Redisplaying the Current Command Line
Transposing Mistyped Characters
Designating a Keystroke as a Command Entry
Disabling Enhanced Editing Mode
Cisco DSLAM User Interface
This chapter describes the Cisco DSLAM user interface, provides instructions for using the command-line interface, describes how to use the help system and also describes the command editing and command history features that enable you to recall previous command entries and edit previously entered commands.
This chapter includes the following sections:
• Understanding the User Interface
• Using Context-Sensitive Help
• Using the Command History Features
Understanding the User Interface
The Cisco DSLAM user interface provides access to several different command modes, each with related commands. For security, the user interface provides three levels of access to commands:
•User mode—Called user EXEC mode
•Privileged mode— The privileged mode is called privileged EXEC mode and requires a password. The unprivileged user mode is called user EXEC mode.
Note Because all commands available in user EXEC mode are also available in privileged EXEC mode, user EXEC mode is referred to as EXEC mode in this guide.
From the privileged EXEC mode, you can access global configuration mode and three specific configuration modes:
–Terminal
–Memory
–Network configuration
•Read-only memory (ROM) monitor mode—This mode accesses a basic system kernel to which the DSLAM may default at startup if it does not find a valid system image, or if its configuration file is corrupted.
You can enter commands in uppercase, lowercase, or both. Only passwords are case sensitive. You can abbreviate commands and keywords to a unique number of characters. For example, you can abbreviate the show command to sh. After you enter the command line at the system prompt, press Return to execute the command.
Most configuration commands have a no form. In general:
•Use the no form of a command to disable a feature or function
•Use the command without the no keyword to reenable a disabled feature or enable a feature disabled by default
The context-sensitive help system allows you to obtain a list of commands available for each command mode or a list of available options for a specific command by entering a question mark (?).
Accessing Command Modes
This section describes how to access the DSLAM command modes. Table 1-1 lists
•The command mode names
•The method to access that mode
•The prompt you see while in that mode (For the purpose of this guide, the prompts use the default node name "DSLAM".)
•The method to exit that mode
Note Table 1-1 does not include all of the possible ways to access or exit each command mode.
Understanding Command Modes
The following section describes the various command modes and their levels of user access.
User EXEC Mode
When you log in to the DSLAM, you are in user EXEC, or simply EXEC, command mode. The EXEC mode commands available at the user level are a subset of those available at the privileged level. In general, the user EXEC mode commands allow you to connect to remote switches, change terminal settings on a temporary basis, perform basic tests, and list system information.
The user EXEC mode prompt consists of the DSLAM's host name followed by the angle bracket (>):
Frodo>
or
DSLAM>
The default host name is "DSLAM", unless it has been changed using the host name global configuration command.
Privileged EXEC Mode
The privileged EXEC mode command set includes all user EXEC mode commands and the configure command, through which you can access global configuration mode and the remaining configuration submodes. Privileged EXEC mode also includes high-level testing commands, such as debug, and commands that display potentially secure information.
To enter or exit priviledged EXEC mode, follow these steps:
Step Command Task1.
DSLAM>enable
Password:password
Enter privileged EXEC mode from EXEC mode.1
2.
DSLAM#
Enter priviledged EXEC commands.
3.
DSLAM#disable
DSLAM>
Exit priviledged EXEC mode and return to EXEC mode.2
1 The prompt changes to the DSLAM's host name followed by the pound sign (#).
2 The prompt changes back to the DSLAM's host name followed by the angle bracket (>).
The system administrator uses the enable password global configuration command to set the password, which is case-sensitive. If an enable password was not set, you can access privileged EXEC mode only from the console.
ROM Monitor Mode
ROM monitor mode provides access to a basic system kernel, from which you can boot the DSLAM or perform diagnostic tests. The system may enter ROM mode automatically if the DSLAM does not find a valid system image, or if the configuration file is corrupted. The ROM monitor prompt is the angle bracket (>) without the DSLAM host name.
You can also enter ROM monitor mode by intentionally interrupting the boot sequence with the Break key during loading.
To return to EXEC mode from ROM monitor mode, use the continue command:
DSLAM>continue
DSLAM>
Global Configuration Mode
Global configuration mode provides access to commands that apply to the entire system. From global configuration mode you can also enter the other configuration modes described in these sections.
To enter global configuration mode from privileged EXEC mode, enter the configure command and specify the source of the configuration commands at the prompt. The prompt changes to the DSLAM's host name followed by
(config)#
:DSLAM#configure
Configuring from terminal, memory, or network [terminal]? <CR>
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
DSLAM(config)#
You can specify either the terminal, nonvolatile read-only memory (NVRAM), or a file stored on a network server as the source of configuration commands. The default is to enter commands from the terminal console.
As a shortcut for accessing the terminal method of configuration, enter:
DSLAM#configure terminal
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
DSLAM(config)#
To exit global configuration command mode and return to privileged EXEC mode, use the exit or end command, or press Ctrl-Z:
DSLAM(config)#end
DSLAM#
Interface Configuration Mode
Interface configuration mode provides access to commands that apply on an interface basis. Use these commands to modify the operation of an interface such as an ATM, Ethernet, or asynchronous port.
Profile Mode
Profile mode provides access to DSL profile commands. (See "Profile Mode" section.)
Line Configuration Mode
Line configuration mode provides access to commands used to configure lines on the DSLAM.
ATM Router Configuration Mode
ATM router configuration mode provides access to commands used to configure Private Network-to-Network Interface (PNNI) routing.
Step Command Task1.
DSLAM#configure terminal
Go to the global configuration mode.
2.
DSLAM(config)#atm router pnni
Enter ATM router configuration mode from global configuration mode.1
3.
DSLAM(config-atm-router)#exit
Exit ATM router configuration mode and return to global configuration mode. Enter end to return to priviledged EXEC mode.
1 The prompt changes to (config-atm-router)#.
PNNI Node Configuration Mode
The PNNI node configuration mode is a submode of ATM router configuration mode and provides access to commands you use to configure PNNI nodes on the DSLAM.
Step Command Task1.
DSLAM#configure terminal
Go to the global configuration mode.
2.
DSLAM(config)#atm router pnni
Enter ATM router configuration mode from global configuration mode.1
3.
DSLAM(config-atm-router)#node node-index
Enter PNNI node configuration mode from global configuration mode.2
4.
DSLAM(config-pnni-node)#exit
Exit PNNI node configuration mode and return to global configuration mode. Enter end to return to priviledged EXEC mode.
1 The prompt changes to (config-atm-router)#.
2 The prompt changes to (config-pnni-node)#.
ATM Accounting File Configuration Mode
ATM accounting file configuration mode provides access to commands used to configure a file for accounting and billing of virtual circuits (VCs).
Step Command Task1.
DSLAM#configure terminal
Go to the global configuration mode.
2.
DSLAM(config)#atm accounting file accounting-filename
Enter ATM accounting file configuration mode from global configuration mode.1
3.
DSLAM(config-acct-file)#exit
Exit ATM accounting file configuration mode and return to global configuration mode. Enter end to return to priviledged EXEC mode.
1 The prompt changes to (config-acct-file)#.
ATM Accounting Selection Configuration Mode
ATM accounting selection configuration mode provides access to commands used to specify the connection data to be gathered from the DSLAM.
Step Command Task1.
DSLAM#configure terminal
Go to the global configuration mode.
2.
DSLAM(config)#atm accounting selection accounting-selection-index
Enter ATM accounting selection configuration mode from global configuration mode.1
3.
DSLAM(config-acct-sel)#exit
Exit ATM accounting selection configuration mode and return to global configuration mode. Enter end to return to priviledged EXEC mode.
1 The prompt changes to (config-acct-sel)#.
ATM E.164 Translation Table Configuration Mode
ATM E.164 translation table configuration mode provides access to commands that you use to configure the translation table that maps native E.164 format addresses to ATM end system (AESA) format addresses.
Step Command Task1.
DSLAM#configure terminal
Go to the global configuration mode.
2.
DSLAM(config)#atm e164 translation-table
Enter ATM E.164 translation table configuration mode from global configuration mode.1
3.
DSLAM(config-atm-e164)#exit
or
DSLAM(config-atm-e164)#end
Exit ATM E.164 translation table configuration mode and return to priviledged EXEC mode.
1 The prompt changes to (config-atm-e164)#.
ATM Signaling Diagnostics Configuration Mode
ATM signaling diagnostics configuration mode provides access to commands used to configure the signaling diagnostics table.
Using Context-Sensitive Help
The user interface provides context-sensitive help in all modes. This section describes how to configure and display context-sensitive help.
Configuring Help for Terminal Sessions
The following commands configure full help.
Displaying Context-Sensitive Help
To get help specific to a command mode, a command, a keyword, or argument, perform one of these tasks:
Using Word Help
To view a list of commands that begin with a particular character sequence, type those characters followed immediately by the question mark (?). Do not include a space. This form of help is called word help, because it completes a word for you.
In this example, the system displays the possible commands in privileged EXEC mode that begin with "co."
DSLAM#co?
configure connect copy
This form helps you determine the minimum subset that can be used when you abbreviate a command.
Command Syntax Help
To list keywords or arguments, enter a question mark (?) in place of a keyword or argument. Include a space before the ?. This form of help is called command syntax help, because it reminds you which keywords or arguments are applicable based on the command, keywords, and arguments you have already entered.
This example demonstrates the use of command syntax help to complete the access-list command. Entering the question mark (?) displays the allowed arguments:
DSLAM(config)#access-list ?
<1-99> IP standard access list
<100-199> IP extended access list
Enter the access list number, 99, followed by question mark (?) to display the allowed keywords:
DSLAM(config)#access-list 99 ?
deny Specify packets to reject
permit Specify packets to forward
Enter the deny argument followed by a question mark (?) to display the next argument (host name or IP address) and two keywords:
DSLAM(config)#access-list 99 deny ?
Hostname or A.B.C.D Address to match
any Any source host
host A single host address
Enter the IP address followed by a question mark (?) to display a final (optional) argument. The <cr> indicates that you can press Return to execute the command:
DSLAM(config)#access-list 99 deny 131.108.134.0 ?
A.B.C.D Wildcard bits
<cr>
DSLAM(config)#<cr>
The system adds an entry to access list 99 that denies access to all hosts on subnet 131.108.134.0.
Checking Command Syntax
The user interface provides an error indicator (^) that appears in the command string in which you have entered an incorrect or incomplete command, keyword, or argument.
This example shows a command entry that is correct up to the last element:
DSLAM#clock set 13:04:30 28 apr 98
^
% Invalid input detected at '^' marker.
The caret symbol (^) and help response indicate the location in which the error occurs. To list the correct syntax, reenter the command, substituting a question mark (?) where the error occurred:
DSLAM#clock set 13:32:00 23 February ?
<1993-2035> Year
DSLAM# clock set 13:32:00 23 February
Enter the year using the correct syntax and press Return to execute the command:
DSLAM#clock set 13:32:00 23 February 1993
Using the Command History Features
The user interface provides a history or record of commands you enter. You can use the command history feature for recalling long or complex commands or entries, including access lists. With the command history feature, you can complete the tasks in these sections:
•Set the Command History Buffer Size
•Recall Commands
•Disable the Command History Feature
Setting the Command History Buffer Size
By default, the system records ten command lines in its history buffer. Use the following commands to set the number of command lines the system records.
Recalling Commands
To recall commands from the history buffer, perform one of these tasks:
Key Sequence/Command TaskPress Ctrl-P or the up arrow key.1
Recall commands in the history buffer, beginning with the most recent command. Repeat the key sequence to recall successively older commands.
Press Ctrl-N or the down arrow key.1
Return to more recent commands in the history buffer after recalling commands with Ctrl-P or the up arrow key. Repeat the key sequence to recall successively more recent commands.
DSLAM>show history
While in EXEC mode, list the last several commands you have just entered.
1 The arrow keys function only on ANSI-compatible terminals such as VT100s.
Disabling the Command History Feature
The command history feature is automatically enabled. Use the following commands to disable it.
Using the Editing Features
The user interface includes an enhanced editing mode that provides a set of editing key functions similar to those of the Emacs editor.
Using the editing features you can perform the tasks described in these sections:
•Enable Enhanced Editing Mode
•Move Around on the Command Line
•Complete a Partial Command Name
•Paste in Buffer Entries
•Edit Command Lines that Wrap
•Delete Entries
•Scroll Down a Line or a Screen
•Redisplay the Current Command Line
•Transpose Mistyped Characters
•Control Capitalization
•Designate a Keystroke as a Command Entry
•Disable Enhanced Editing Mode
Enabling Enhanced Editing Mode
Although the current software release enables the enhanced editing mode by default, you can disable it and revert to the editing mode of previous software releases. Use the following commands to reenable the enhanced editing mode.
Moving Around on the Command Line
Use these keystrokes to move the cursor around on the command line for corrections or changes:
Keystrokes TaskPress Ctrl-B or
press the left arrow key.1Move the cursor back one character.
Press Ctrl-F or
press the right arrow key.1Move the cursor forward one character.
Press Ctrl-A.
Move the cursor to the beginning of the command line.
Press Ctrl-E.
Move the cursor to the end of the command line.
Press Esc B.
Move the cursor back one word.
Press Esc F.
Move the cursor forward one word.
1 The arrow keys function only on ANSI-compatible terminals such as VT100s.
Completing a Partial Command Name
If you cannot remember a complete command name, you can use Tab to allow the system to complete a partial entry:
If your keyboard does not have Tab, press Ctrl-I instead.
In this example, when you enter the letters conf and press Tab, the system provides the complete command:
DSLAM#conf<Tab>
DSLAM#configure
If you enter an ambiguous set of characters, the system generates an error message. To display the list of legal commands beginning with the specified string, enter a question mark (?) after you see the error message. See the section "Using Word Help" section.
Pasting in Buffer Entries
The system provides a buffer that contains the last ten items you deleted. You can recall these items and paste them in the command line by using these keystrokes:
Keystrokes TaskPress Ctrl-Y.
Recall the most recent entry in the buffer.
Press Esc Y.
Recall the next buffer entry.
The buffer contains only the last ten items you have deleted or cut. If you press Esc Y more than 10 times, you cycle back to the first buffer entry.
Editing Command Lines that Wrap
The new editing command set provides a wraparound feature for commands that extend beyond a single line on the screen. When the cursor reaches the right margin, the command line shifts 10 spaces to the left. You cannot see the first 10 characters of the line, but you can scroll back and check the syntax at the beginning of the command. To scroll back, use these keystrokes:
Keystrokes TaskPress Ctrl-B or the left arrow key1 repeatedly
Scroll back one character at a time to the beginning of a command line to verify that you entered a lengthy command correctly.
Press Ctrl-A
Return directly to the beginning of the line.
1 The arrow keys function only on ANSI-compatible terminals such as VT100s.
In this example, the access-list command entry extends beyond one line. When the cursor reaches the end of the line, the line is shifted ten spaces to the left and redisplayed. The dollar sign ($) indicates that the line has been scrolled to the left. Each time the cursor reaches the end of the line, the line is again shifted ten spaces to the left.
DSLAM(config)#access-list 101 permit tcp 131.108.2.5 255.255.255.0 131.108.1
DSLAM(config)#$ 101 permit tcp 131.108.2.5 255.255.255.0 131.108.1.20 255.25
DSLAM(config)#$t tcp 131.108.2.5 255.255.255.0 131.108.1.20 255.255.255.0 eq
DSLAM(config)#
$108.2.5 255.255.255.0 131.108.1.20 255.255.255.0 eq 45
When you complete the entry, press Ctrl-A to check the complete syntax before pressing Return to execute the command. The dollar sign ($) appears at the end of the line to indicate that the line has scrolled to the right:
DSLAM(config)#access-list 101 permit tcp 131.108.2.5 255.255.255.0 131.108.1$
The DSLAM default is a terminal screen that is 80 columns wide. If you have a width other than that, use the terminal width command to provide correct width of your terminal.
Use line wrapping together with the command history feature to recall and modify previous complex command entries.
Deleting Entries
Use any of these keystrokes to delete command entries if you make a mistake or change your mind:
Scrolling Down a Line or a Screen
When you use the help facility to list the commands available in a particular mode, the list is often longer than the terminal screen can display. In such cases, a More prompt appears at the bottom of the screen. To respond to the More prompt, use these keystrokes:
Keystrokes TaskPress Return.
Scroll down one line.
Press Space.
Scroll down one screen.
Press Esc.
Stop scrolling and return to the main prompt.
Redisplaying the Current Command Line
If you enter a command and a message appears on your screen, you can easily recall your current command line entry. To do so, use these keystrokes:
Transposing Mistyped Characters
If you have mistyped a command entry, you can transpose the mistyped characters by using these keystrokes:
Keystrokes TaskPress Ctrl-T.
Transpose the character to the left of the cursor and the character located at the cursor.
Controlling Capitalization
You can capitalize or lowercase words or capitalize a set of letters with these keystrokes:
Keystrokes TaskPress Esc C.
Capitalize at the cursor.
Press Esc L.
Change the word at the cursor to lowercase.
Press Esc U.
Capitalize letters from the cursor to the end of the word.
Designating a Keystroke as a Command Entry
To use a particular keystroke as an executable command, insert a system code for this purpose:
Keystrokes TaskPress Ctrl-V or Esc Q.
Insert a code to indicate to the system that the keystroke that follows should be treated as a command entry, not an editing key.
Disabling Enhanced Editing Mode
To disable enhanced editing mode and revert to the editing mode, use this command in privileged EXEC mode:
If you have prebuilt scripts that do not interact well when enhanced editing is enabled, you can disable enhanced editing mode. To reenable enhanced editing mode, use the terminal editing command
Ending a Session
After you use the setup command or other configuration command, exit the DSLAM and quit the session.
To end a session, use this EXEC command:
Posted: Fri Dec 3 13:10:35 PST 2004
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