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These release notes provide information about Cisco IOS software Release 12.0(23)SX5 for the Cisco 10000 series Internet router. These release notes describe new features, memory requirements, hardware support, software platform deferrals, and changes to the microcode and related documents.
Cisco IOS Release 12.0(23)SX5 is based on previous 12.0(23)SX releases, which include all of the new features introduced in Cisco IOS Release 12.0(23)S. You can review the release notes for Cisco IOS Release 12.0(23)S at the following URL:
http://www.cisco.com/univercd/cc/td/doc/product/software/ios120/relnote/7000fam/rn120s.htm
These release notes contain the following sections:
Cisco routers and switches that are running Cisco IOS software and that are configured to process Internet Protocol Version 4 (IPv4) packets are vulnerable to a Denial of Service (DoS) attack. A rare sequence of crafted IPv4 packets sent directly to the device might cause the input interface to stop processing traffic when the input queue is full. No authentication is required to process the inbound packet. Processing of IPv4 packets is enabled by default. Devices that are running only IP Version 6 (IPv6) are not affected.
To correct the condition, Cisco has made software available free of charge. For more information, refer to the Cisco Security Advisory: Cisco IOS Interface Blocked by IPv4 Packet at the following URL:
http://www.cisco.com/warp/public/707/cisco-sa-20030717-blocked.shtml
This release requires that you have the performance routing engine (PRE, Part Number ESR-PRE1) installed in the Cisco 10000 series router chassis. To verify which PRE is installed in the router, use the show version command.
The following table lists memory requirements for the Cisco 10000 series router.
For specific information about upgrading your Cisco 10000 series router to a new software release, refer to the Cisco 10000 Series Internet Router Software Configuration Guide at the following URL:
http://www.cisco.com/univercd/cc/td/doc/product/aggr/10000/config/10ksw/index.htm
For general information about how to upgrade to a new software release, refer to the product bulletin Cisco IOS Upgrade Ordering Instructions at the following URL:
http://www.cisco.com/warp/public/cc/pd/iosw/prodlit/957_pp.htm
If you are upgrading your software from Cisco IOS Release 12.0(21)SX or Release 12.0(21)SX1 to Cisco IOS Release 12.0(23)SX5, you must upgrade the eboot image on the Cisco 10000 series router. If you fail to upgrade the eboot image, the router configuration may not load properly, and a checksum error appears on the console. If you are upgrading the software from an earlier Cisco IOS release, you do not need to upgrade the eboot image.
If you are upgrading your software from Cisco IOS Release 12.0(14)SL or from earlier 12.0(x)SL-based releases to Cisco IOS Release 12.0(23)SX5, save your current configuration file. If you decide to reinstall Release 12.0(14)SL or an earlier release, you must also reinstall the configuration file associated with that release. This is because some Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) configuration-file entries in Release 12.0(23)SX5 are not compatible with Release 12.0(14)SL or earlier releases.
When you upgrade software on redundant Cisco 10000 series performance routing engines (PREs), be sure to download the software to both the active PRE and the standby PRE before you reload both PREs. For more information, see "Upgrading Software on Redundant PREs" under "Cisco 10000 Series ESR Basic Management" at the following URL:
http://www.cisco.com/univercd/cc/td/doc/product/aggr/10000/10ksw/startos.htm
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Note In the procedure at the above URL, specify c10k-p10-mz instead of c10k-p6-mz for the image name. |
Cisco IOS Release 12.0(23)SX5 contains no new features. Several known problems are fixed in this release (see the "Resolved Caveats in Cisco IOS Release 12.0(23)SX5" section).
Cisco IOS Release 12.0(23)SX5 includes all of the new features introduced in Release 12.0(23)SX, and all of the problem fixes in subsequent 12.0(23)SX releases. See the following section ("New Features in Cisco IOS Release 12.0(23)SX") for a brief overview of new features in that release, and refer to the appropriate Release Notes document at the following URL for information about a particular release:
http://www.cisco.com/univercd/cc/td/doc/product/aggr/10000/10krn/120sx/index.htm
Following is a list of the new features and improvements in Cisco IOS Release 12.0(23)SX on which Cisco IOS Release 12.0(23)SX5 is based. For more information, see the Release Notes for the Cisco 10000 Series Internet Router for Cisco IOS Release 12.0(23)SX at the URL above.
The multirouter-automatic protection switching (MR-APS) feature allows switchover of SONET connections in the event of circuit failure. MR-APS is often required when connecting SONET equipment to telco equipment. APS refers to the mechanism of using a "protect" SONET interface in the SONET network as the backup for a working SONET interface. When the working interface fails, the protect interface quickly assumes its traffic load. For more information on this feature, refer to the following URL. Note that the documentation includes aps commands for POS interfaces. However, the same commands also apply for ATM interfaces.
http://www.cisco.com/univercd/cc/td/doc/product/software/ios112/ios112p/gsr/posapsgs.htm
The Multicast for Multiprotocol Label-Switching (MPLS) Virtual Private Network (VPN) feature allows service providers to offer multicast services over their MPLS core network. Multicast for MPLS VPN allows end-user customers to improve productivity and communication flow for applications such as corporate communication, e-learning, data warehousing, content synchronization, trading stocks and commodities (stock quotes and ticker information), and emergency messaging services.
The DiffServer Aware Traffic Engineering feature extends DiffServe quality of service (QoS) over an MPLS backbone that uses traffic engineering. Bandwidth pools assigned to tunnel interfaces ensure that critical data is associated with a tunnel that has enough bandwidth to transport data over the MPLS network. For more information about this feature, refer to the following URL:
http://www.cisco.com/univercd/cc/td/doc/product/software/ios120/120newft/120limit/120st/120st14/ds_te.htm
The Fast Reroute (FRR) link protection feature of MPLS traffic engineering provides link protection to label-switched paths (LSPs). MPLS traffic engineering automatically establishes and maintains LSPs across the backbone using Resource ReSerVation Protocol (RSVP). Paths for LSPs are calculated at the headend, based on the LSP resource requirements and available network resources such as bandwidth. Under failure conditions, the headend determines a new route for the LSP. This provides for the optimal use of resources. However, due to messaging delays, recovery at the headend is not as quick as recovery at the point of failure. For more information about this feature, refer to the following URL:
http://www.cisco.com/univercd/cc/td/doc/product/software/ios120/120newft/120limit/120st/120st10/fastrout.htm
The Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) Multipath Load-Sharing for external BGP (eBGP) and internal BGP (iBGP) in a Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) Virtual Private Network (VPN) feature allows you to configure multihomed autonomous systems and provider edge (PE) routers to:
The eiBGP Multipath Load Sharing feature performs unequal cost load balancing by default by selecting BGP paths that do not have an equal cost of the Interior Gateway Protocol (IGP).
For more information about this feature, see the following URL:
http://www.cisco.com/univercd/cc/td/doc/product/software/ios122/122newft/122t/122t4/fteibmpl.htm
Interactive traffic (Telnet, voice over IP) is susceptible to increased latency and jitter when the network processes large packets (for example, LAN-to-LAN FTP transfers traversing a WAN link), especially as they are queued on slower links. The Link Fragmentation and Interleaving (LFI) feature reduces delay and jitter on slower-speed links by breaking up large datagrams and interleaving low-delay traffic packets (such as voice) with the smaller packets resulting from the fragmented datagram. LFI was designed especially for lower-speed links where serialization delay is significant.
The single rate 3-Color Marker feature meters an IP packet stream and marks its packets different colors, based on the Committed Information Rate (CIR) and two associated burst sizes: Committed Burst Size (CBS) and Excess Burst Size (EBS). CIR is measured in bytes of IP packets per second (and it includes the IP header, but not link specific headers). CBS and EBS are measured in bytes.
The single rate 3-color marker uses the following colors to classify packets:
The marker starts with a surplus equal to Be or EBS, and replenishes the surplus by the amount of unused CIR allowance until the surplus reaches Be or EBS.
MIB capabilities on the Cisco 10000 series router have been enhanced as follows:
For more information about the MIB capabilities for this release, refer to Tables 3-1 and 3-2 in the "MIB Specifications" chapter of the Cisco 10000 Series Internet Router Leased Line MIB Specifications Guide (Version 3) at the following URL:
http://www.cisco.com/univercd/cc/td/doc/product/aggr/10000/10kmibs/llguides/llgdv3/mib3.htm
Use the SNMP trap filtering feature to filter linkDown traps so that SNMP only sends a linkDown trap if the main interface goes down. If a Cisco 10000 series Internet router interfaces goes down, all of its subinterfaces go down, which results in numerous linkDown traps for each subinterface. This feature filters out those subinterface traps. This feature is turned off by default.
To enable the SNMP trap filtering feature, issue the following CLI command. Use the no form of the command to disable the feature.
Ensure that the Fast Ethernet NME port on the PRE is configured for Auto-Negotiation mode, which is the system default. Duplex mode can cause problems, such as flapping. If the port is experiencing such problems and has been configured for Duplex mode, use the no half-duplex or no full-duplex command to disable Duplex mode.
It is important that you limit the rate that system messages are logged by the Cisco 10000 series router. This helps to avoid a situation in which the router becomes unstable and the CPU is overloaded. To control the output of messages from the system, use the logging rate-limit command.
We recommend that you configure the logging rate-limit command as follows. This rate-limits all messages to the console to 10 per second, except for messages with critical priority (level 3) or greater.
For more information on the logging rate-limit command, refer to the Cisco IOS Configuration Fundamentals Command Reference.
The following limitations apply to the Cisco 10000 series router implementation of Frame Relay:
The following limitations and restrictions apply to the Cisco 10000 series router nested policy feature:
http://www.cisco.com/univercd/cc/td/doc/product/aggr/10000/10kfm/nest_pol.htm
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Note The actual shape rate applied to nested-policy traffic might differ from that specified in the policy. For example, a specified shape rate of 10.5 Mbps might be mapped to 11 Mbps. Use the command show policy-map interface to determine the actual shape rate. |
Cisco IOS software running on the Cisco 10000 series router has multiple queues for all classes of traffic over high-speed interfaces. The software selects a queue based on the source and destination address for the packet. This ensures that a traffic flow always uses the same queue and the packets are transmitted in proper order.
When the router is installed in a real network, the high-speed interfaces work efficiently to spread traffic flow equally over the queues. However, using single traffic streams in a laboratory environment may result in less-than-expected performance. To ensure accurate test results, you should test the throughput of the gigabit Ethernet, POS, or ATM uplink with multiple source or destination addresses.
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Tip To determine if traffic is being properly distributed, use the show hardware pxf cpu queue command. |
Unlike other Cisco routers, on the Cisco 10000 series Internet router, the Cisco Discovery Protocol (CDP) is disabled by default. You can enable CDP on an interface using the cdp enable command.
You can run up to 4000 Frame Relay sessions or 4000 PPP sessions, and you can configure up to 800 Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) peers on the Cisco 10000 series Internet router. The router also supports up to 512 Multilink Point-to-Point (MLP) protocol sessions and up to 1024 MLP bundles.
To run Cisco IOS Release 12.0(22)S and later releases on the Cisco 10000 series router, the performance routing engine (PRE) installed in the chassis must be the PRE (Part Number ESR-PRE1). You can verify which PRE is installed in the chassis by using the show version command.
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Note The Cisco 10000 series router does not support mixing two different PRE revisions in the same chassis. Do not install a PRE (Part Number ESR-PRE) and PRE (Part Number ESR-PRE1) in the same chassis. |
The Cisco 10000 series router provides session support for 4000 802.1Q VLANs.
Unlike other Cisco routers, if you insert a new or different line card into a Cisco 10000 series router chassis slot that previously had a line card installed, the line card initially reports that it is administratively up.
To ensure that the performance routing engine (PRE) microcode has adequate IP address space, use IP addresses in a contiguous address space. Also, use the ip unnumbered command on the RBE subinterface.
The following problems have been fixed in Cisco IOS Release 12.0(23)SX5. For information about problems fixed in earlier releases, refer to the appropriate Release Notes at the following URL:
http://www.cisco.com/univercd/cc/td/doc/product/aggr/10000/10krn/120sx/index.htm
The router correctly handles stateful switchover (SSO) in configurations in which ATM and Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) are both used. Previously, MPLS label-controlled virtual circuits (LVCs) failed to come back up after an SSO.
A PRE-1 cutover in Route Processor Redundancy Plus (RPR+) mode no longer causes VCs to be lost. Previously, VCs were lost when the default SSO mode was changed to RPR+ mode and a cutover was performed.
When SNMP trap filtering is enabled on a Cisco 1-port channelized OC-12 line card, the T3 layer no longer generates a linkDown trap when the SONET layer is shut down. Previously, a trap was generated although it should not have been.
The Parallel Express Forwarding (PXF) network processor no longer fails when an ICMP echo request (ping) packet is received on an interface that has access control list (ACL) logging enabled.
Multicast Virtual Private Network (VPN) now works correctly over Fast Ethernet (FE) egress interfaces. Previously, when configured for multicast VPN, an FE egress interface sometimes failed to forward multicast packets.
When policy-based routing (PBR) is configured on the router, PXF no longer stops processing when you issue the commands shutdown followed by no shutdown on an egress interface.
When Reverse Path Forwarding (RPF) Strict-Checking mode is configured on a serial interface, the interface now allows pings to local IP addresses. Previously, these pings failed. In addition, the allow-self-ping option of the ip verify unicast source command also works correctly.
The router no longer experiences memory leaks and memory fragmentation when syslog traps are enabled. Previously, these leaks and fragmentation eventually caused the router to fail.
When configured for multicast VPN, label-controlled ATM (LC-ATM) interfaces now forward multicast traffic correctly. Previously, the interfaces dropped all multicast traffic.
The router no longer experiences problems when PVCs or PVPs are deleted after a switchover is performed in RPR+ mode. Previously, after you deleted a PVC or PVP, you could not re-create it.
When an output service policy is applied to an interface, the router no longer experiences random early detection (RED) packet drops while the average queue size is below the minimum RED threshold. Previously, the router dropped packets before the threshold was reached, although it should not have.
The default settings for temperature alarm thresholds have been increased. Previously, the default settings were too low, which sometimes caused the router to display minor temperature warnings even though nothing was wrong. The new default settings for temperature alarm thresholds are:
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| 1 On the PRE-1, the default setting for the critical alarm temperature threshold is 72°C. |
The router now processes multicast packets correctly during QoS processing. Previously, the precedence and differentiated services codepoint (DSCP) bits were ignored and packets were misclassified.
Table 1 describes the open caveats in Cisco IOS Release 12.0(23)SX5.
Table 1 Open Caveats in Cisco IOS Release 12.0(23)SX5
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