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These release notes provide information about Cisco IOS software Release 12.0(23)SX3 for the Cisco 10000 Series Router. These release notes describe new features, memory requirements, hardware support, software platform deferrals, and changes to the microcode and related documents.
Cisco IOS Release 12.0(23)SX3 is based on previous 12.0(23)SX releases. Cisco IOS 12.0(23)SX releases include all of the new features introduced in Cisco IOS Release 12.0(23)S. You can review the release notes for Cisco IOS Release 12.0(23)S at the following URL:
http://www.cisco.com/univercd/cc/td/doc/product/software/ios120/relnote/7000fam/rn120s.htm
These release notes contain the following sections:
For specific information about upgrading your Cisco 10000 series ESR to a new software release, see the Cisco 10000 Series ESR Software Configuration Guide at the following URL:
http://www.cisco.com/univercd/cc/td/doc/product/aggr/10000/10ksw/
For general information about how to upgrade to a new software release, see the product bulletin Cisco IOS Upgrade Ordering Instructions located at:
http://www.cisco.com/warp/public/cc/pd/iosw/prodlit/957_pp.htm
For information about how to order Cisco IOS software, refer to the Cisco IOS Software Releases URL:
http://www.cisco.com/warp/public/cc/pd/iosw/iore/index.shtml
If you are upgrading your software from Cisco IOS Release 12.0(21)SX or Release 12.0(21)SX1 to Cisco IOS Release 12.0(23)SX3, you must upgrade the eboot image on the Cisco 10000 series edge services router (ESR). If you fail to upgrade the eboot image, the ESR configuration may not load properly, and a checksum error appears on the console. If you are upgrading the software from an earlier Cisco IOS release, you do not need to upgrade the eboot image.
If you are upgrading your software from Cisco IOS Release 12.0(14)SL or from earlier 12.0(x)SL-based releases to Cisco IOS Release 12.0(23)SX3, save your current configuration file. If you decide to reinstall Release 12.0(14)SL or an earlier release, you must also reinstall the configuration file associated with that release. This is because some Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) configuration-file entries in Release 12.0(23)SX3 are not compatible with Release 12.0(14)SL or earlier releases.
When you upgrade software on redundant Cisco 10000 series Performance Routing Engines (PREs), be sure to download the software to both the active PRE and the standby PRE before you reload both PREs. For more information, refer to the "Upgrading Software on Redundant PREs" section in the "System Startup and Basic Configuration Tasks" of the Cisco 10000 Series ESR Software Configuration Guide at the following URL:
http://www.cisco.com/univercd/cc/td/doc/product/aggr/10000/10ksw/startos.htm
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Note In the procedure at the above URL, specify c10k-p10-mz instead of c10k-p6-mz for image name. |
This release requires that you have the PRE1 version (part number ESR-PRE1) of the Performance Routing Engine (PRE) installed in the Cisco 10000 series ESR chassis. To verify which PRE is installed in the ESR, use the show version command.
The following table lists memory requirements for the ESR.
| Feature Set by Router | Image Name | Flash Memory | DRAM Memory | Runs From |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Cisco IOS Release 12.0(23)SX3 contains no new features. Several known problems are fixed in this release (see the "Caveats Resolved in Cisco IOS Release 12.0(23)SX3" section).
Cisco IOS Release 12.0(23)SX3 includes all of the new features introduced in Release 12.0(23)SX, and all of the problems fixed in Release 12.0(23)SX2 and Release 12.0(23)SX1.
Cisco IOS Release 12.0(23)SX2 and Cisco IOS Release 12.0(23)SX1 contained no new features. Both releases fixed known problems (see the "Caveats Resolved in Earlier Releases" section).
Cisco IOS Release 12.0(23)SX2 and Release 12.0(23)SX1 include all of the new features introduced in Release 12.0(23)SX. For information about those features, see the "New Features in Cisco IOS Release 12.0(23)SX" section below.
The following sections describe the new features and improvements introduced in Cisco IOS Release 12.0(23)SX:
The multirouter-automatic protection switching (MR-APS) feature allows switchover of SONET connections in the event of circuit failure. MR-APS is often required when connecting SONET equipment to telco equipment. APS refers to the mechanism of using a "protect" SONET interface in the SONET network as the backup for a working SONET interface. When the working interface fails, the protect interface quickly assumes its traffic load.
The protection mechanism provided by MR-APS has a linear 1+1 architecture, as described in the Bellcore publication TR-TSY-000253, SONET Transport Systems; Common Generic Criteria, Section 5.3. The connection may be bidirectional or unidirectional, and revertive or non-revertive.
MR-APS provides a protection mechanism in which the "working" and "protect" SONET interfaces are on separate routers. MR-APS also allows both interfaces to be on the same router. However, in this case, we recommend you use single router-APS instead.
Single router-APS (SR-APS) provides a protection mechanism in which the working and protect interfaces are both on the same router. This protection mechanism provides a linear 1+1 unidirectional, non-revertive architecture. Note that the ESR supports bridging in the SR-APS implementation.
For more information on this feature, see the following URL. Note that the documentation includes aps commands for POS interfaces. However, the same commands also apply for ATM interfaces.
http://www.cisco.com/univercd/cc/td/doc/product/software/ios112/ios112p/gsr/posapsgs.htm
If your MR-APS configuration has a limited number of static routes (for example, less than 10), we recommend that you use the following command for gigabit Ethernet, ATM, and POS interfaces that have static routes configured for them.
The command adds static routes to the routing table immediately when an interface becomes active, rather than after a route dampening period ends.
The Multicast for Multiprotocol Label-Switching (MPLS) Virtual Private Network (VPN) feature allows service providers to offer multicast services over their MPLS core network. Multicast for MPLS VPN allows end-user customers to improve productivity and communication flow for applications such as corporate communication, e-learning, data warehousing, content synchronization, trading stocks and commodities (stock quotes and ticker information), and emergency messaging services.
Live video and video on demand applications also require a multicast solution that offers scalability, efficiency, and performance. As demand grows for multicast and VPN, enterprises will require service providers to enable multicast across VPNs. Multicast for MPLS VPN provides that solution.
The Fast Reroute (FRR) link protection feature of MPLS traffic engineering provides link protection to label-switched paths (LSPs). MPLS traffic engineering automatically establishes and maintains LSPs across the backbone using Resource ReSerVation Protocol (RSVP). Paths for LSPs are calculated at the headend, based on the LSP resource requirements and available network resources such as bandwidth. Under failure conditions, the headend determines a new route for the LSP. This provides for the optimal use of resources. However, due to messaging delays, recovery at the headend is not as quick as recovery at the point of failure.
FRR link protection enables the router to reroute traffic around a failed link without involving the headend in the rerouting decision. This provides quicker recovery time and prevents any further packet loss caused by the failed link. The headend of the tunnel is also notified of the link failure through the IGP or RSVP; the headend then attempts to establish a new LSP that bypasses the failure.
For more information about this feature, see the following URL:
http://www.cisco.com/univercd/cc/td/doc/product/software/ios120/120newft/120limit/120st/120st10/fastrout.htm
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Note Local reroute prevents any further packet loss caused by a failed link, and gives the headend of the tunnel time to re-establish the tunnel along a new, optimal route. |
The Fast Reroute link protection feature works only on:
The DiffServer Aware Traffic Engineering feature extends DiffServe quality of service (QoS) over an MPLS backbone that uses traffic engineering. Bandwidth pools assigned to tunnel interfaces ensure that critical data is associated with a tunnel that has enough bandwidth to transport data over the MPLS network. For information about this feature, see the following URL:
http://www.cisco.com/univercd/cc/td/doc/product/software/ios120/120newft/120limit/120st/120st14/ds_te.htm
This section describes the Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) Multipath Load Sharing for external BGP (eBGP) and internal BGP (iBGP) in a Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) Virtual Private Network (VPN) feature. This feature allows you to configure multihomed autonomous systems and provider edge (PE) routers to:
BGP installs up to the maximum number of paths allowed (configured by the maximum-paths command). BGP uses the best path algorithm to select one multipath as the best path, insert the best path into the routing information base (RIB), and advertise the best path to BGP peers. Other multipaths may be inserted into the RIB, but only one path will be selected as the best path.
The multipaths are used by Cisco Express Forwarding (CEF) to perform load balancing on a per-packet or per-source or destination pair basis. The eiBGP Multipath Load Sharing feature performs unequal cost load balancing by default by selecting BGP paths that do not have an equal cost of the Interior Gateway Protocol (IGP). To enable this feature, configure the router with MPLS VPNs that contain VPN routing and forwarding instances (VRFs) that import both eBGP and iBGP paths. The number of multipaths can be configured separately for each VRF.
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Note This feature operates within the configuration parameters of the existing outbound routing policy. |
For more information about this feature, see the following URL:
http://www.cisco.com/univercd/cc/td/doc/product/software/ios122/122newft/122t/122t4/fteibmpl.htm
Route Reflector Limitation—With multiple iBGP paths installed in a routing table, a route reflector advertises only one of the paths (one next hop). If a router is behind a route reflector, all routers that are connected to multihomed sites will not be advertised unless separate VRFs with different route distinguishers are configured for each VRF.
Memory Consumption Restriction—Each IP routing table entry for a BGP prefix that has multiple iBGP paths uses additional memory. We recommend not using this feature on a router with a low amount of available memory and especially when the router is carrying a full Internet routing table.
Interactive traffic (Telnet, voice over IP) is susceptible to increased latency and jitter when the network processes large packets (for example, LAN-to-LAN FTP transfers traversing a WAN link), especially as they are queued on slower links. The Link Fragmentation and Interleaving (LFI) feature reduces delay and jitter on slower-speed links by breaking up large datagrams and interleaving low-delay traffic packets (such as voice) with the smaller packets resulting from the fragmented datagram. LFI was designed especially for lower-speed links where serialization delay is significant.
The Cisco 10000 series ESR implementation of LFI provides the following benefits:
The following limitations and restrictions apply to the Cisco 10000 series ESR implementation of LFI:
fragments received (in_frag)
fragments dropped (drop_frag)
fragments transmitted (out_frag)
in fragmented pkts
in fragmented bytes
in dropped reassembling packets
in timeouts
out interleaved packets
out fragmented pkts
out fragmented bytes
out dropped fragmenting pkts
The following sections provide information about the LFI implementation on the Cisco 10000 series ESR:
On an MLPPP interface that has LFI enabled, each packet fragment is counted as a separate packet in the interface's input and output statistics. For example, if a single packet is fragmented into three packets, the the show interface stats command and the show interfaces commands show a count of 3 for Packets In and Packets Out, rather than a count of 1.
One way to configure LFI on a Frame Relay data-link connection identifier (DLCI) is to:
The following is a sample configuration showing this method of configuring LFI. (In this example, fragment size is 384 bytes and the bandwidth for the priority queue is 307 kbps.)
You can also use a nested policy and access lists to configure LFI on a Frame Relay DLCI as follows:
The following is a sample configuration showing this method of configuring LFI. (In the example, fragmentation size is 768 bytes and bandwidth for the priority queue is 10 percent of the link bandwidth.)
To configure LFI on an MLPPP interface, do the following:
The following commands show an example of how to configure LFI on an MLPPP interface:
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Note The ip rtp priority command is not included as a policy action. Instead, the priority configuration defined on the interface determines which traffic is placed in the priority queue. |
The single rate 3-Color Marker feature meters an IP packet stream and marks its packets different colors, based on the Committed Information Rate (CIR) and two associated burst sizes: Committed Burst Size (CBS) and Excess Burst Size (EBS). CIR is measured in bytes of IP packets per second (and it includes the IP header, but not link specific headers). CBS and EBS are measured in bytes.
Previously, the ESR supported a single rate, 2-color marker. The single rate, 3-color marker allows the ESR to classify packets that violate the EBS. This feature is useful, for example, for ingress policing of a service, where service eligibility is determined only by the burst's length, and not its peak rate.
The single rate 3-color marker uses the following colors to classify packets:
The marker starts with a surplus equal to Be or EBS, and replenishes the surplus by the amount of unused CIR allowance until the surplus reaches Be or EBS.
To configure this feature, do the following:
For conform, exceed, and violate action, you can specify one of the following actions: transmit, set-dscp-transmit, set-prec-transmit, set-mpls-exp-transmit, or set-qos-transmit.
The 3-color marker can be used to mark a packet stream in a service, where different, decreasing levels of assurances (either absolute or relative) are given to packets which are green, yellow, or red. For example, a service might:
MIB capabilities on the Cisco 10000 series ESR have been enhanced as follows:
For more information about the MIB capabilities for this release, see the Cisco 10000 Series ESR Leased Line MIB Specifications Guide (version 3) at the following URL. (Table 3-1 in the "MIB Specifications" section of the guide lists the MIBs supported in this release.)
http://www.cisco.com/univercd/cc/td/doc/product/aggr/10000/10kmibs/llguides/llgdv3/index.htm
Use the SNMP trap filtering feature to filter linkDown traps so that SNMP only sends a linkDown trap if the main interface goes Down. If a Cisco 10000 series ESR interfaces goes Down, all of its subinterfaces go Down, which results in numerous linkDown traps for each subinterface. This feature filters out those subinterface traps. This feature is turned off by default.
To enable the SNMP trap filtering feature, issue the following CLI command. Use the no form of the command to disable the feature.
Ensure that the Fast Ethernet NME port on the PRE is configured for auto-negotiation mode, which is the system default. Duplex mode can cause problems, such as flapping. If the port is experiencing such problems and has been configured for duplex mode, use the no half-duplex or no full-duplex command to disable duplex mode.
It is important that you limit the rate that system messages are logged by the Cisco 10000 series ESR. This helps to avoid a situation in which the router becomes unstable and the CPU is overloaded. To control the output of messages from the system, use the logging rate-limit command.
We recommend that you configure the logging rate-limit command as follows. This rate-limits all messages to the console to 10 per second, except for messages with critical priority (level 3) or greater.
For more information on the logging rate-limit command, see the Cisco IOS Configuration Fundamentals Command Reference.
The following limitations apply to the Cisco 10000 series ESR implementation of Frame Relay:
The following limitations and restrictions apply to the Cisco 10000 series ESR nested policy feature:
http://www.cisco.com/univercd/cc/td/doc/product/aggr/10000/10kfm/nest_pol.htm
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Note The actual shape rate applied to nested-policy traffic might differ from that specified in the policy. For example, a specified shape rate of 10.5 Mbps might be mapped to 11 Mbps. Use the command show policy-map interface to determine the actual shape rate. |
Cisco IOS software running on the Cisco 10000 series ESR has multiple queues for all classes of traffic over high-speed interfaces. The software selects a queue based on the source and destination address for the packet. This ensures that a traffic flow always uses the same queue and the packets are transmitted in proper order.
When the router is installed in a real network, the high-speed interfaces work efficiently to spread traffic flow equally over the queues. However, using single traffic streams in a laboratory environment may result in less-than-expected performance. To ensure accurate test results, you should test the throughput of the gigabit Ethernet, POS, or ATM uplink with multiple source or destination addresses.
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Tip To determine if traffic is being properly distributed, use the show hardware pxf cpu queue command. |
Unlike other Cisco routers, on the Cisco 10000 series ESR the Cisco Discovery Protocol (CDP) is disabled by default. You can enable CDP on an interface using the cdp enable command.
You can run up to 4000 Frame Relay sessions or 4000 PPP sessions, and you can configure up to 800 Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) peers on the Cisco 10000 series ESR. The ESR also supports up to 512 Multilink Point-to-Point (MLP) protocol sessions and up to 1024 MLP bundles.
In order for Cisco IOS Release 12.0(22)S and later releases to run on the Cisco 10000 series ESR, the Performance Routing Engine (PRE) installed in the chassis must be the PRE1 version (part number ESR-PRE1). You can verify which PRE is installed in the chassis by using the show version command.
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Note The Cisco 10000 series ESR does not support mixing two different PRE revisions in the same chassis. Do not install a PRE and PRE1 in the same chassis. |
The Cisco 10000 series ESR provides session support for 4000 802.1Q VLANs.
Unlike other Cisco routers, if you insert a new or different line card into a Cisco 10000 series ESR chassis slot that previously had a line card installed, the line card initially reports that it is administratively Up.
To ensure that the Performance Routing Engine (PRE) microcode has adequate IP address space, use IP addresses in a contiguous address space. Also, use the ip unnumbered command on the RBE subinterface.
The following problems have been fixed in Cisco IOS Release 12.0(23)SX3:
Each channelized subinterface is assigned a unique interface index (ifIndex) number. Previously, the router sometimes assigned the same ifIndex number to multiple channelized subinterfaces, which caused inconsistency between the routing and Cisco Express Forwarding (CEF) prefix tables for routes through one of the interfaces.
When Link Fragmentation and Interleaving (LFI) is enabled on a multilink PPP interface, the router no longer experiences problems with priority queue (PQ) traffic latency being higher than expected.
The Parallel eXpress Forwarding (PXF) processor no longer generates a T1 software exception error when multicast traffic with an IP precedence of 5 is sent over the priority queue. Cisco IOS Release 12.0(23)SX2 provided a partial fix to this problem. This release provides a complete fix for the problem.
Channelized T3 interfaces no longer fail to initialize. Previously, when a 6-port channelized T3 line card was configured with 16 to 20 time slots, several interfaces might fail to initialize.
A router reload followed by a configuration download no longer causes the router to stop passing multicast VPN traffic. Previously in this situation, the PXF began to drop packets, which resulted in some interfaces not being enabled for multicast.
PXF no longer fails when NetFlow is enabled in a configuration that contains a multilink PPP bundle. Previously, the PXF failed (causing a PXF reload) whether NetFlow was enabled on the multilink PPP bundle or on another router interface.
The Fast Reroute (FRR) feature now functions correctly on the router. Previously, when Multirouter Automatic Protection Switching (MR-APS) was enabled on the router, a FRR did not occur when the router was reloaded, although it should have.
In a multicast VPN environment, multicast VPN routing/forwarding (MVRF) now works correctly. Previously, when you configured a new MVRF instance, Protocol Independent Multicast (PIM) neighbors were not detected across the MVRF tunnel and traffic was sometimes dropped.
MPLS Traffic Engineering Fast Reroute (FRR) now works correctly on POS interfaces. Previously, when a loss of signal (LOS) alarm was received on a POS interface with an FRR tunnel configured, the state of the tunnel did not immediately change from Ready to Active, although it should have.
The following sections present the problems that were fixed in the following earlier releases:
The following problems were fixed in Cisco IOS Release 12.0(23)SX2:
The mstat and mtrace commands now work correctly over a multicast distribution tree (MDT) tunnel.
The show ip pim mdt history command now displays the correct reuse value for MDT data groups. Previously, in cases where one MDT data group was being reused and another group was being used only one time, the command incorrectly showed that both groups were being reused.
When the default MDT group is removed on the remote provider edge (PE), the Cisco 10000 series ESR no longer stops responding or experiences spurious access.
The router no longer loses tunnel information when an MDT default group is removed from a remote PE.
The router no longer displays a card provisioning conflict message when the configuration is downloaded after a Cisco IOS software reload. Previously, this message appeared even though the cards were never removed from the chassis and the configuration was not changed.
The router now forms data MDTs consistently when configured for use in a multicast VPN environment.
The Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) router process no longer experiences a memory leak when OSPF sham links are configured in a Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) VPN environment.
When configured for multicast VPN, the router now correctly triggers an assertion when it receives data on a tunnel interface.
When configured for multicast VPN, the router now handles MDT data mappings correctly. Previously, when the router was configured as a receiving PE router, the router deleted MDT mappings too quickly, or did not delete them at all.
When you use the priority command to assign link bandwidth to priority-queue traffic, the traffic is dequeued and scheduled at the specified bandwidth. Previously, the traffic was dequeued and scheduled at the full link bandwidth, which was incorrect.
Setting the MAC rewrite index to zero no longer causes the PXF to reload.
Link Fragmentation and Interleaving (LFI) now correctly handles 1-part dequeuing with two buffers.
The PXF no longer generates a T1 software exception error when multicast traffic with an IP precedence of 5 is sent over the priority queue.
The PXF no longer fails when the router is passing multicast VPN traffic.
When multicast VPN and Multicast Source Discovery Protocol (MSDP), the router no longer generates a LINK-2-LINEST message when it receives a broadcast IP packet on a multicast VPN tunnel.
The following problems were fixed in Cisco IOS Release 12.0(23)SX1:
MIB walks on the sonetVTIntervalTable and sonetFarEndVTIntervalTable (SONET-MIB) now work correctly. Previously, information in the tables was deleted after 24 hours, which caused MIB walks to loop.
SNMP now provides correct values for the MIB objects atmTrafficDescrType and atmTrafficQoSClass for all types of PVCs. Note that this problem was a duplicate of CSCdp53356, which has been fixed.
On Cisco channelized OC-12 and channelized STM line cards, the SNMP MIB object ifOperStatus now correctly shows T1 layers as Down when all other layers are Down.
A traceback message no longer appears during stateful switchover (SSO) testing of PPP.
The Cisco 10000 series ESR now shapes traffic correctly when LFI is enabled on an MLP bundle running over a T1 channel.
Previously, when a priority queue (PQ) was underloaded and fragmentation queues (FQs) were overloaded, the PQ Max latency and Avg latency values were higher than they should have been. The latency values are now correct. Note that this problem was a duplicate of CSCdz70148, which has been fixed.
The show interface command now shows correct input and output byte counts for MLP interfaces with LFI enabled. The clear counters command also clears the output packet and byte counters as it should.
A traceback message no longer appears while using the 3-color policer to police 1000 VLANs.
A stateful switchover (SSO) no longer causes a Cisco 10000 series ESR with redundant PRE-1 cards and channelized OC-12 or channelized STM line cards to experience a traceback or %CEF fibidb error.
The show frame-relay fragment command increments the "out-frag" and "out fragmented" counts as it should. Previously, the counts did not increment.
Cisco channelized T3 (CT3) line cards no longer stop responding when 1000 Frame Relay or MLP interfaces (with LFI enabled) are configured over two CT3 line cards. Note that CSCdz49702 is a duplicate of this.
A PXF failure no longer occurs when a fast reroute (FRR) is performed after a primary link fails. This problem was observed when the Cisco 10000 series ESR was configured as an MPLS traffic engineering (TE) tunnel head and FRR break point, and the primary link had 500 tunnels.
The Cisco 10000 series ESR now processes priority traffic correctly. Previously, when priority traffic arrived in a burst or exceeded the configured rate, the traffic experienced a longer-than-expected delay.
A PXF microcode reload no longer breaks MPLS VPN multicast traffic forwarding. Previously, a reload could cause Protocol Independent Multicast (PIM) VPN routing/forwarding (VRF) neighbor relationships to be lost. When this happened, the router stopped forwarding VRF multicast traffic.
Previously, when the Cisco 10000 series ESR received PIM (*,G) joins with (S,G)R prune, the router incorrectly forwarded only the (*,G) joins to the rendezvous point (RP). Now, the router correctly forwards the (*,G) joins with (S,G)R prune.
When two redundant provider edge (PE) Cisco 10000 series ESRs are connected to a single VPN, both routers might send different multicast distributed tunnel-Join (MDT-Join) updates to the VPN source. This can cause the receivers to toggle between different MDT data groups, which results in intermediate data loss for the receivers.
Previously, the NetFlow aggregation test failed to match the correct prefix, mask, and AS values for source, destination, prefix, and AS types of aggregation schemes. Now, the values match as expected.
Table 1 describes the open caveats in Cisco IOS Release 12.0(23)SX3.
Table 1 Open Caveats in Cisco IOS Release 12.0(23)SX3
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Posted: Fri Jun 27 09:11:43 PDT 2003
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