Q: I want to run find across a directory tree, skipping standard directories like /usr/spool and /usr/local/bin . A -name  dirname  -prune clause won't do it because  - name doesn't match the whole pathname - just each part of it, such as spool or local . How can I make find match the whole pathname, like /usr/local/bin/ , instead of all directories named bin ?

A: It cannot be done directly. You can do this:

A:

test
 

find /

path

 -exec test {} = /foo/bar -o {} = /foo/baz \; -prune -o 

pred

A: This will not perform pred on /foo/bar and /foo/baz ; if you want them done, but not any files within them, try:

A:

find 

path

 \( -exec test 

test-exprs

 \; ! -prune \) -o 

pred

A: The second version is worth close study, keeping the manual for find at hand for reference. It shows a great deal about how find works.

A: The -prune operator simply says "do not search the current path any deeper," and then succeeds a la -print .

Q: I only want a list of pathnames; the pred I use in your answer above will be just -print . I think I could solve my particular problem by piping the find output through a sed ( 27.15 ) or egrep -v ( 27.3 ) filter that deletes the pathnames I don't want to see.

A: That would probably be fastest. Using test runs the test program for each file name, which is quite slow. There's more about complex find expressions in other articles, especially 17.6 and 17.12 .