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This booklet describes how to install Cisco IOS software onto Cisco routers using a Trivial File Transfer Protocol (TFTP) server or Remote Copy Protocol (RCP) server application. For the Cisco 1600, Cisco 2500, Cisco CPA2500, Cisco AS100, and Cisco AS5200 routers, use the instructions in the "Run from Flash Installation" section. For other Cisco routers, see the "Run from RAM Installation" section.
Before You Begin
A TFTP server or an RCP server application must be installed on a TCP/IP ready workstation. Once the application is installed, a minimal level of configuration must be performed. First of all, the TFTP application must be configured to operate as a TFTP server as opposed to a TFTP client. Secondly, the outbound file directory must be specified. This is the directory in which the Cisco IOS images are stored. Most TFTP applications provide a setup routine to assist in these configuration tasks.
If you are using a software feature pack CD-ROM as a source for the image, note that the TFTP server included on the CD-ROM can be used only on a PC running Windows 95. You can download aTFTP server for Windows 95/98/NT at http://www.cisco.com/pcgi-bin/tablebuild.pl/tftp.
For other operating systems, a number of TFTP or RCP applications are available from independent software vendors or as shareware from public sources on the World Wide Web.
2 Run from RAM Installation
Note
For RCP applications, substitute RCP for every occurrence of TFTP. For example, use
the copy rcp flash command instead of copy tftp flash command.
Step 1 Install the Cisco IOS software image in the outbound directory of the TFTP server. The TFTP server uses this directory to look for the file the router is asking for. Make sure that the IOS image you want to copy to your Flash memory is in this directory. You can verify this with Microsoft® Internet Explorer.
Note
Before you know where to put the image, make sure that you have the right
image available. In the outbound directory, you will also see what the memory
requirements are for every specific image; verify the amount of memory you have
with the show version command.
Step 2 Establish a console session to the router. This can be done with a direct console connection or with a virtual Telnet connection. A direct console connection is preferred over a Telnet connection, because a Telnet connection is lost during the reboot phase of the software installation. The console connection is made with a rolled cable (usually a flat, black cable) and connects the console port of the router to the COM port of the PC. Open Hyperterminal on the PC, and use the following settings:
Speed 9600 bits per second
8 databits
0 parity bits
1 stop bit
No Flow Control
Verify that the TFTP server has IP connectivity to the router. Check the IP addresses of the TFTP server and the router or access server targeted for the TFTP software upgrade to be sure that the addresses are within the same range. Ping the router or access server to verify that a network connection exists between them. More information on IP addresses is available in Common Problems in Installing Images Using TFTP or an RCP Server at http://www.cisco.com/warp/public/63/install_tftp.html#ip_address.
Step 3 Copy the new software image from the TFTP server to the router or access server.
Note
We recommend that you keep a copy of the router or access server
configuration before upgrading the router or access server software.
Step 4 Specify the IP address of the TFTP server. When prompted, enter the IP address of the TFTP server as in the following example:
Address or name of remote host [255.255.255.255]? 172.17.247.195
Step 5 Specify the filename of the new Cisco IOS software image. When prompted, enter the filename of the Cisco IOS software image to be installed, as in the following example:
Source file name? c2500-js-l_113-3.bin
Note
The image name varies depending on the file name of the image on the TFTP
server.
Step 6 Specify the destination file name. This is the name the new software image will have when it is loaded onto the router. The image can be named anything, but common practice is to enter the UNIX image filename.
Destination file name? c2500-js-l_113-3.bin
Step 7 Erase the Flash device before writing yes or no. When prompted, enter either yes to erase the existing software image resident in the router's Flash memory before copying the new one, or no to keep the existing software image. Make sure that you have enough memory to keep both.
Erase flash device before writing? [confirm] yes/no
The copying process takes several minutes; the time differs from network to network. During the copy process, messages are displayed to indicate which files have been accessed.
The exclamation point (!) indicates that the copy process is taking place. Each exclamation point (!) indicates that ten packets were transferred successfully. A checksum verification of the image occurs after the image is written to Flash memory. The router or access server reloads itself with the new image when the software upgrade is complete.
Step 8 Before reloading, verify that the image is properly installed and that the boot system commands point to the proper file to load. Information about verifying the image and boot commands is available in Common Problems in Installing Images Using TFTP or an RCP Server at http://www.cisco.com/warp/public/63/install_tftp.html#before_reloading.
To reload, type:
Router(boot)#reload
*Mar 1 00:30:49.972: %SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by console
System configuration has been modified. Save? [yes/no]: NO
Proceed with reload? [confirm] YES
Step 9 Verify that the router is running with the proper image. After the reload is complete, the router should be running the desired Cisco IOS image. Use the show version command to verify.
This process will accept the copy options and then terminate the current system image to use the ROM based image for the copy. Routing functionality will not be available during that time. If you are logged in via telnet, this connection will terminate. Users with console access can see the results of the copy operation.
Loading c2500-js-l_113-3.exe from 171.71.93.192 (via Ethernet0): !!!!!!!!!!!!!!
<...snip...>
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
[OK - 8900924/16777216 bytes]
Verifying checksum... OK (0x8ABE)
Flash copy took 0:04:57 [hh:mm:ss]
%FLH: Re-booting system after download
3 Run from Flash Installation
Note
For RCP applications, substitute RCP for every occurrence of
TFTP. For example, use the copy rcp flash command instead of copy
tftp flash command.
Step 1 Install the Cisco IOS software image in the outbound directory of the TFTP server. The TFTP server uses this directory to look for the file the router is asking for. Make sure that the IOS image you want to copy to your Flash memory is in this directory. You can verify this with Microsoft Internet Explorer.
Note
Before you know where to put the image, make sure that you have the right
image available. In the outbound directory, you will also see what the memory
requirements are for every specific image; verify the amount of memory you have
with the show version command.
Step 2 Establish a console session to the router. This can be done with a direct console connection or with a virtual Telnet connection. A direct console connection is preferred over a Telnet connection, because a Telnet connection is lost during the reboot phase of the software installation. The console connection is made with a rolled cable (usually a flat, black cable) and connects the console port of the router to the COM port of the PC. Open Hyperterminal on the PC, and use the following settings:
Speed 9600 bits per second
8 databits
0 parity bits
1 stop bit
No Flow Control
Step 3 Copy the config register value and set the default gateway, if needed. Write down the value of the config register appearing in the last line of the show version command output; you will need it later to restore normal operation.
Add the default gateway if your tftp server is not in the same network as the router, or if the workstation where you start your Telnet is not in the same network as the router. More information on the default gateway is available in Common Problems in Installing Images Using TFTP or an RCP Server at http://www.cisco.com/warp/public/63/install_tftp.html#default.
Step 4 Change the router into Rxboot mode by changing the config register to the value 0x2101 as follows:
Router> enable
Password: password
Router#
Router# conf t
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
Router(config)# config-register 0x2101
Router(config)# ^Z
Router#
%SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by console
Router# wr mem
Building configuration...
[OK]
Router#
Router# reload
Note
If you are connected through Telnet, after the
reload the session will be lost. Wait a few minutes and try
again.
Step 5 Restore the previous configuration register value for the next reload.
Note Don'
t save anything while you are in boot mode.
Avoid using the saving commands (write mem or copy run
start) and answer NO to any prompt suggesting that you save your current
configuration. If you save while you are in this mode, your configuration can be
partially or completely erased.
Use the config-register value copied in Step 3 instead of **** in the following sequence of commands:
Router(boot)>
Router(boot)> enable
Password: password
Router(boot)# conf t
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
Router(boot)(config)# con
Router(boot)(config)# config-register 0x****
Router(boot)(config)# ^Z
Note If
you did not copy the config register in Step 3, you can use 0x2102 in this
step.
Step 6 Verify that the TFTP server has IP connectivity to the router. Check the IP addresses of the TFTP server and the router or access server targeted for the TFTP software upgrade to be that sure the addresses are within the same range. Ping the router or access server to verify that a network connection exists between them. More information on IP addresses is available in Common Problems in Installing Images Using TFTP or an RCP Server at http://www.cisco.com/warp/public/63/install_tftp.html#ip_address.
Step 7 Copy the new software image from the TFTP server to the router or access server.
Note We recommend that you keep a copy of the router or access
ser
ver configuration before upgrading the router or access
server software.
Router> enable
Password: password
Router# copy tftp flash
Step 8 Specify the IP address of the TFTP server. When prompted, enter the IP address of the TFTP server, as in the following example:
Address or name of remote host [255.255.255.255]? 172.17.247.195
Step 9 Specify the filename of the new Cisco IOS software image. When prompted, enter the filename of the Cisco IOS software image to be installed, as in the following example:
Source file name? c1600-y-l.112-18.P
Note T
he image name varies depending on the filename of the image on the TFTP
server.
Step 10 Specify the destination image filename. This is the name the new software image will have when it is loaded onto the router. The image can be named anything, but common practice is to enter the UNIX image filename.
Destination file name [c1600-y-l.112-18.P]? c1600-y-l.112-18.P
Step 11 Erase the Flash device before writing yes or no. When prompted enter either yes to erase the existing software image resident in the router's Flash memory before copying the new one or no to keep the existing software image. Please be sure that you have got enough memory to keep both.
Erase flash device before writing? [confirm] yes/no
The copying process takes several minutes; the time differs from network to network. During the copy process, messages are displayed to indicate which files have been accessed.
The exclamation point (!) indicates that the copy process is taking place. Each exclamation point (!) indicates that ten packets were transferred successfully. A checksum verification of the image occurs after the image is written to Flash memory. The router or access server reloads itself with the new image when the software upgrade is complete.
Step 12 Before reloading, verify that the image is properly installed in flash memory and that the boot system commands point to the proper file to load. Information about verifying the image and boot commands is available in Common Problems in Installing Images Using TFTP or an RCP Server at http://www.cisco.com/warp/public/63/install_tftp.html# before_reloading.
To reload, type:
Router(boot)# reload
*Mar 1 00:30:49.972: %SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by console
System configuration has been modified. Save? [yes/no]: NO
Proceed with reload? [confirm] YES
Step 13 Verify that the router is running with the proper image. After the reload is complete, the router should be running the desired Cisco IOS image. Use the show version command to verify. Information about problems with verifying the image is available in Common Problems in Installing Images Using TFTP or an RCP Server at http://www.cisco.com/warp/public/63/install_tftp.html#tr_verify.
Sample Output—Run from Flash Installation
Router> en
Password:
Router# conf t
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
Router(config)# config-register 0x2101
Router(config)# ^Z
Router#
*Mar 1 00:03:32.656: %SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by console
System Bootstrap, Version 11.1(7)AX [kuong (7)AX], EARLY DEPLOYMENT RELEASE SOFTWARE (fc2) Copyright (c) 1994-1996 by Cisco Systems, Inc.
C1600 processor with 18432 Kbytes of main memory program load complete, entry point: 0x4018060, size: 0x1da950
Restricted Rights Legend
Use, duplication, or disclosure by the Government is subject to restrictions as set forth in subparagraph (c) of the Commercial Computer Software - Restricted Rights clause at FAR sec. 52.227-19 and subparagraph (c) (1) (ii) of the Rights in Technical Data and Computer Software clause at DFARS sec. 252.227-7013.
Cisco Systems, Inc.
170 West Tasman Drive
San Jose, California 95134-1706
Cisco Internetwork Operating System Software
IOS (tm) 1600 Software (C1600-BOOT-R), Version 11.1(7)AX, EARLY DEPLOYMENT RELEA
System Bootstrap, Version 11.1(7)AX [kuong (7)AX], EARLY DEPLOYMENT RELEASE SOFTWARE (fc2)
Copyright (c) 1994-1996 by Cisco Systems, Inc.
C1600 processor with 18432 Kbytes of main memory
program load complete, entry point: 0x4018060, size: 0x1da950
%SYS-4-CONFIG_NEWER: Configurations from version 11.2 may not be correctly understood.
Restricted Rights Legend
Use, duplication, or disclosure by the Government is subject to restrictions as set forth in subparagraph (c) of the Commercial Computer Software - Restricted Rights clause at FAR sec. 52.227-19 and subparagraph (c) (1) (ii) of the Rights in Technical Data and Computer Software clause at DFARS sec. 252.227-7013.
Cisco Systems, Inc.
170 West Tasman Drive
San Jose, California 95134-1706
Cisco Internetwork Operating System Software
IOS (tm) 1600 Software (C1600-Y-L), Version 11.2(19)P1, RELEASE SOFTWARE (fc1)
