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This chapter provides the information you need to prepare for first-time startup. Read it before you power up your router.
By preparing for first-time startup, you can take advantage of the full range of configurations available on your routers, including the protocol translation option. You are not required to plan your network before sitting at the console and using the setup command facility for the first time, but you must connect to the console port as described in the "Overview" chapter. By separating the planning tasks from the configuration tasks, you can set up the router in one sitting. You can also tailor the router to meet your needs and to fit within a consistent network scheme.
This chapter provides information to help you complete the following tasks:
The parameters and values on these worksheets map to the two-part configuration process of the setup command facility, which is automatically invoked at first-time startup. In the first part of the process, Configuring Global Parameters, you specify global or system-wide configuration information. You use the values you have recorded on the Global Configuration Worksheet.
In the second part, Configuring Interface Parameters, you configure each individual interface. You use the values you have recorded on the Interface Configuration Worksheet.
Use the blank configuration worksheets in the "Blank Worksheets" appendix to record values for the parameters, according to the information in this chapter. The Global Configuration Worksheet can accommodate global information about a single router. If you plan to install more than one router, make additional copies of the blank worksheet. The Interface Configuration Worksheet can accommodate four interfaces. If you plan to install more than four interfaces on your router, make additional copies of the blank worksheet.
In the following descriptions of the parameters that you will determine, the factory default is marked with the Default: label, and the action you take to fill in the worksheet is marked with the Action: label.
The Global Configuration Worksheet, if properly filled in, will contain all the values you need to enter at the Configuring Global Parameters portion of the setup command facility. Remember, the setup command facility is automatically invoked at first-time startup. Preparing the pertinent information before you start up the router enables you to get your system up and running quickly and uneventfully.
Use the worksheet to gather and maintain information about your system. You record two levels of information on the Global Configuration Worksheet:
System hardware information is not requested at first-time startup, but is useful to note on the Global Configuration Worksheet, to complete your records. Global parameters, however, are requested at first-time startup.
Figure 2-1 shows the Global Configuration Worksheet. Obtain a copy of the blank Global Configuration Worksheet in the "Blank Worksheets" appendix before continuing so that as you proceed through the following descriptions, you can record your information on it.
Use this section to determine system hardware information and record the information on the Global Configuration Worksheet.
Several network routers accommodate a wide variety of connectors, appliques, and interface controller cards. The system type is clearly marked on the front of your router. The following system types are available:
Default: None
Action: Circle your system type on the worksheet or write it in.
The serial number is on the bottom or back panel. This number is useful for tracking your physical inventory.
Default: None
Action: Write your system serial number on the worksheet.
The number of interfaces depends on the type of system you have and the number of interface cards you have installed. The number of interfaces is determined when you order a system, so if you are installing a new system, it will have been preconfigured at the factory. Check the back of your router to determine the number of installed interfaces. For help in identifying the installed interfaces, refer to the installation and maintenance guide for your router.
The number of installed interfaces affects the second part of the configuration process. It determines how many Interface Configuration Worksheets you fill in, and what information you need to provide at first-time startup.
Default: None
Action: Write the number of interfaces on the worksheet.
This section contains information about the global parameters that can be configured through the setup command facility. Use this information to complete the Global Configuration Worksheet.
The host name is the name of your router. The name you specify is used in system prompts and can contain from 1 to 80 uppercase and lowercase alphanumeric characters. The host name is case sensitive.
Use a name that helps you identify the location of the router, or to whom it is providing routing services. If you will be naming more than one host in your network, devise a consistent naming scheme so that host identification is easy.
Default: Router
Action: Write your host name on the worksheet the way you want it to appear in system prompts.
Your system has two levels of security: user and privileged. The commands at the user level are a subset of those at the privileged level. Because many privileged commands are used to set operating parameters, these commands should be password-protected to prevent unauthorized use.
The enable password allows users access to the privileged command level. There is no default enable password. However, the enable password you set during first-time startup appears as the default the next time you run the setup command facility.
An enable password can contain from 1 to 80 uppercase and lowercase alphanumeric characters, except that the first character cannot be a number. Some spaces are valid password characters; for example, "two words" is valid. Leading spaces are ignored, but trailing spaces are recognized. For example, " woolly" is interpreted as "woolly" (without the space). On the other hand, "woolly " is interpreted as "woolly " (with the space).
For more information about the enable password, refer to the Router Products Configuration Guide or the Router Products Command Reference publication.
Default: None
Action: Write the enable password on the worksheet.
In addition to the enable password, every virtual terminal line requires a password. If you do not set a password, the system responds to attempted connections by displaying an error message and closes the connection. (Virtual terminals are used when you access the router remotely via the Telnet or DEC MOP protocols.)
A virtual terminal password can contain from 1 to 80 uppercase and lowercase alphanumeric characters, except that the first character cannot be a number. Some spaces are valid password characters; for example, "two words" is valid. Leading spaces are ignored, but trailing spaces are recognized. For example, " woolly" is interpreted as "woolly" (without the space). On the other hand, "woolly " is interpreted as "woolly " (with the space).
The virtual terminal password is case sensitive. There is no default virtual terminal password. However, the virtual terminal password you set during first-time startup appears as the default the next time you run the setup command facility.
You can allow line connections without a password if you want. Refer to the Router Products Configuration Guide or the Router Products Command Reference publication for more information.
Default: None
Action: Write your virtual terminal password on the worksheet.
The Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) is the most widely supported open standard for network management. It provides a means to access and set configuration and run-time parameters of routers and communication servers. SNMP defines a set of functions that can be used to monitor and control network elements.
SNMP is configured on a global basis only; it cannot be specified for individual interfaces.
Default: No
Action: Circle Yes on the worksheet if you want to configure SNMP on a system-wide basis. At first-time startup this value configures read-only SNMP with a blank password. Circle No if you do not want to run SNMP.
Your router supports the Network Computing Device, Inc. XRemote feature on the Cisco 2500, Cisco 3000 series, and Cisco 4000 series of routers. When fonts used by X applications are not included in ROM on the NCD terminal, one or more font servers must be identified from which the protocol translator and the NCD terminal can obtain fonts. You can identify as many XRemote font servers as you need; it is unlikely you will reach the maximum number that the software allows.
Default: No
Action: If you want to configure one or more XRemote font servers, circle Yes on the worksheet. If not, circle No.
If you plan to use one or more XRemote font servers, you must also provide an IP address for each one. This step is equivalent to specifying the IP address of a font server using the xremote tftp host configuration command. However, you cannot specify an XRemote host name through the setup command facility because the name service facility is not yet running.
Indicate an IP address on the worksheet for each XRemote font server as follows:
Table 2-1 provides a summary of subnetting parameters.
| First Class | First Byte | Network Bits | Host Bits |
|---|---|---|---|
| A | 1-126 | 8 | 24 |
| B | 128-191 | 16 | 16 |
| C | 192-223 | 24 | 8 |
For more information about XRemote configuration and management information, refer to the publication Protocol Translator Configuration Guide and Command Reference.
DECnet is a protocol suite developed and supported by Digital Equipment Corporation. The DECnet protocol associates addresses with machines, not interfaces.
A router can have only one DECnet address. DECnet addresses are specified by area number and node number. For example, in DECnet address 53.6, DECnet node 6 is located in area 53.
An area can span many routers, and many areas can be attached to a single cable. Therefore, if a DECnet host such as a router exists on many cables, its area/node address is the same. This type of addressing is called DECnet Phase IV addressing.
Default: No
Action: If you plan to use DECnet Phase IV addressing, circle Yes on the worksheet. If you do not want to use DECnet Phase IV, circle No. If you want Phase V addressing, select the Connectionless Network Services (CLNS) protocol in addition to circling No.
If you plan to use DECnet Phase IV addressing, provide the area number and node number, and indicate whether you want area routing. Write in values for the following:
The Internet Protocol (IP) was originally defined by the United States Department of Defense as a standard protocol for interconnecting computers from different manufacturers on a given network. IP is now the de facto standard for vendor-independent networking.
Default: Yes
Action: Circle Yes if you plan to route IP. If not, circle No.
Select an interior routing protocol for IP. You can specify only one interior routing protocol to operate on your system using the setup command facility: Interior Gateway Routing Protocol (IGRP) or Routing Information Protocol (RIP). These protocols are mutually exclusive.
IPX is the network protocol used by Novell's NetWare products. Your router supports IPX. For detailed information, refer to the Router Products Configuration Guide.
Default: No
Action: If you plan to configure IPX, circle Yes. If not, circle No.
Xerox Network Systems (XNS) was originally designed to run over Ethernet. XNS can also be routed over FDDI, Token Ring, and point-to-point serial lines. Your router supports the XNS protocol suite. For detailed information, refer to the Router Products Configuration Guide.
Default: No
Action: If you plan to configure XNS routing on your system, circle Yes. If not, circle No.
AppleTalk is a network protocol developed by Apple Computer. It is a client-server, or distributed, network system. Users share network resources such as files and printers with other users. Interaction with servers is transparent to the user.
Your router supports the AppleTalk network protocol (both extended and nonextended) over FDDI, Ethernet, Token Ring, synchronous serial, and X.25 interfaces. For detailed information, refer to the Router Products Configuration Guide.
Default: No
Action: If you plan to configure AppleTalk, circle Yes. If not, circle No.
If you plan to configure AppleTalk on your router, you must also decide whether to have multizone networks.
The Apollo Domain (Apollo) routing protocol is the native-mode networking protocol for Apollo workstations. This protocol enables an Apollo host to have interfaces on more than one physical network. Each physical network is identified by a unique 32-bit address in hexadecimal format. The address consists of a network number followed by a host number.
Your router supports packet forwarding and routing for Apollo on Ethernet, FDDI, and serial interfaces using HDLC and X.25 encapsulation. Direct attachment to the 12-Mbps Domain Token Ring is not supported.
Default: No
Action: If you plan to configure Apollo, circle Yes. If not, circle No.
If you plan to configure Apollo on your router, you must also determine the Apollo routing number.
The software on your router supports packet forwarding and routing for the Connectionless Network Services (CLNS) protocol, an International Organization for Standardization (ISO) implementation. CLNS provides the basis for DECnet Phase V.
To understand CLNS routing, you need to be familiar with the hierarchical concepts of domain and area. At the top of the hierarchy is a set of routing domains. The domain address uniquely identifies the routing domain. Within each routing domain is one or more areas. The area address uniquely identifies the area. For detailed information about how your router implements CLNS, refer to the Router Products Configuration Guide.
Default: Yes
Action: Circle Yes if you plan to configure CLNS. If not, circle No.
If you plan to configure CLNS on your system, you can provide router tag, domain, area, and station ID information, or you can use default values.
The Banyan Systems Virtual Integrated Network Service (VINES) protocol is designed for PC networks. Your router supports the VINES network protocol over all media types. For detailed information about how your router implements VINES, refer to the Router Products Configuration Guide.
Default: No
Action: If you plan to configure VINES, circle Yes. If not, circle No.
Your router supports transparent and source-route bridging. However, you can only configure transparent bridging using the setup command facility.
You can configure transparent bridging only if your system has bridging software installed. To determine whether your system has bridging capability, look at the installed hardware banner displayed at the first-time startup. Bridging, like routing, is configured for the system as a whole. That is, if a protocol is being bridged, it must be bridged on all interfaces. You cannot route IP on one interface and bridge it on another.
For more information about bridging, refer to the Router Products Configuration Guide. For more information about bridging commands, refer to the Router Products Command Reference publication.
Default: No
Action: If you plan to configure transparent bridging (and bridging software has been ordered and installed), circle Yes. If not, circle No.
The local area transport (LAT) protocol from Digital Equipment Corporation (Digital) is the protocol used most often to connect to Digital hosts. LAT is a Digital-proprietary protocol. Cisco uses LAT technology licensed from Digital.
With the LAT protocol, you can establish a connection to a host, then pass your keystrokes to the host. A user can establish a LAT connection through the protocol translator to a Digital host, simply by entering the host name.
LAT cannot be routed because Digital's LAT protocol includes its own transport protocol (Layer 4 of the OSI reference model), which runs directly over Ethernet (Layer 2 of the OSI reference model) rather than over a standard routing layer. LAT must be bridged to pass between different network segments. The protocol translator provides the option of transporting LAT in protocol translation mode. A router with the protocol translation option can translate LAT to Telnet or X.25 for transmission over a WAN, which can be translated back to LAT on the other end of the connection.
You can configure this WAN-to-LAT translation to be transparent to the user. This configuration also avoids LAT time-out problems, which are common in WAN-bridged LAT. For more information about how your protocol translator implements LAT, refer to the Protocol Translator Configuration Guide and Command Reference publication.
Default: Yes
Action: If you plan to use LAT on this system, write Yes on the worksheet. If not, write No.
The Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN) Basic Rate Interface (BRI) is currently supported on the Cisco 2500 and Cisco 3000 only. An ISDN BRI connection is made up of two B-channels that are each treated as a single serial line. You can use the B-channels with High-Level Data Link Control (HDLC) and Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP) encapsulation. Although each channel is treated as a separate line, you cannot configure the channels separately. A single switch type must be configured for the router as a whole.
The possible switch types are as follows:
Default: None
Action: On the worksheet, write the value associated with the switch type you plan to configure. The valid values appear in parentheses in the list above.
After you complete the Global Configuration Worksheet, fill in the Interface Configuration Worksheet.
You must provide information about each installed interface during the Configuring Interface Parameters portion of the setup command facility. If you fill in the Interface Configuration Worksheet properly, you will have all the information you need to perform this task.
Two levels of information are listed on the Interface Configuration Worksheet: system hardware information and interface parameters. System hardware information is not requested at first-time startup, but is useful to write on the worksheet to complete your records. Interface parameters, however, are requested at first-time startup. The interface parameters depend on the decisions you make about the global parameters. For example, if you do not configure a protocol at the global level, you do not need to configure it at the interface level.
The Interface Configuration Worksheet is shown in Figure 2-2, and a blank worksheet is provided in the "Blank Worksheets" appendix. Record the information on it as you proceed through the following descriptions.
The values for the following system hardware information should be the same as those you indicated on the Global Configuration Worksheet:
Refer to the "Determining System Hardware Information" section and the "Determining Global Parameters" section earlier in this chapter for information about these values.
This section contains information about the interface parameters that can be configured through the setup command facility. Use this information to complete the Interface Configuration Worksheet. In the following descriptions of the parameters that you will set, your task for each parameter is marked with the Action: label.
The setup command facility automatically presents each installed interface for you to configure. The interfaces are presented in the same order as they are installed in the chassis. For example, if you have two Token Ring interfaces, you are prompted to configure interface TokenRing0 and then to configure TokenRing1.
The number of interfaces determines the number of columns in which you need to provide information. If you have more than four interfaces, you will need more than one worksheet.
Default: The default is based on the interfaces installed in the chassis.
Action: Write each interface name across the top of the worksheet in the row labeled "Interface Name." Repeat this for each installed interface you plan to configure.
You can decide whether you want to configure an installed interface at first-time startup. The system shuts down the interfaces that you indicate you will not configure.
Default: Yes
Action: If you plan to configure a particular interface at first-time startup, write Yes in the column for that interface. If not, write No.
If you have a Token Ring board installed, select a speed for your network. You can enter 4 to set the Token Ring speed to 4 Mbps, or 16 to set the Token Ring speed to 16 Mbps. Once you set this value, the setup command facility does not ask you for it again.
 | Caution If you select the wrong speed, the ring will be brought down. |
Default: 16
Action: Write the correct Token Ring speed for your network on the worksheet.
Determine whether to use IP routing for a particular interface.
Default: Yes
Action: If you plan to use IP routing for an interface, write Yes on the worksheet. If not, write No. Repeat this for each installed interface you plan to configure.
If you plan to use IP routing on an interface, provide the IP address and subnet mask bits for that interface. Indicate values on the worksheet as follows:
| Class | First Byte | Network Bits | Host Bits |
|---|---|---|---|
| A | 1-126 | 8 | 24 |
| B | 128-191 | 16 | 16 |
| C | 192-223 | 24 | 8 |
Determine whether to use DECnet Phase IV addressing on a particular interface.
Default: No
Action: If you plan to use DECnet Phase IV addressing for the interface, write Yes on the worksheet. If not, write No. Repeat this for each of the installed interfaces you plan to configure.
If you will be using DECnet Phase IV addressing on an interface, you must also provide the route cost for that interface. Indicate a value on the worksheet as follows:
Determine whether to use XNS on a particular interface.
Default: No
Action: If you plan to use XNS on the interface, write Yes on the worksheet. If not, write No. Repeat this for each installed interface you plan to configure.
If you plan to use XNS on an interface, you must also provide the network number for that interface. Indicate the information on the worksheet as follows:
Determine whether to use IPX on a particular interface.
Default: No
Action: If you plan to use IPX on the interface, write Yes on the worksheet. If not, write No. Repeat this for each installed interface you plan to configure.
If you will be using IPX on an interface, you must also provide the network number for that interface as follows:
Determine whether to use Apollo Domain (Apollo) addressing on a particular interface.
Default: No
Action: If you plan to use Apollo addressing on the interface, write Yes on the worksheet. If not, write No. Repeat this for each installed interface you plan to configure.
If you plan to use Apollo on an interface, you must also provide the network number for that interface as follows:
Determine whether to use AppleTalk on a particular interface.
Default: No
Action: If you plan to use AppleTalk on the interface, write Yes on the worksheet. If not, write No. Repeat this for each installed interface you plan to configure.
Remember, during configuration of the global parameters, you specified whether you wanted to configure multizone networks. Your answer applies to every interface you configure.
If you plan to use AppleTalk on an interface, you must also provide the other information for that interface as follows.
Determine whether to use CLNS on a particular interface.
Default: Yes
Action: If you plan to use CLNS on the interface, write Yes on the worksheet. If not, write No. Repeat this for each installed interface you plan to configure.
Determine whether to use Banyan VINES on a particular interface.
Default: Yes
Action: If you plan to use VINES on the interface, write Yes on the worksheet. If no, write No. Repeat this for each installed interface you plan to configure.
Determine whether to use transparent bridging on a particular interface.
Default: Yes
Action: If you plan to use transparent bridging on the interface, write Yes on the worksheet. If not, write No. Repeat this for each installed interface you plan to configure.
The local area transport (LAT) protocol from Digital Equipment Corporation (Digital) is the protocol used most often to connect to Digital hosts. LAT is a Digital-proprietary protocol. Cisco uses LAT technology licensed from Digital.
With the LAT protocol, you can establish a connection to a host, then pass your keystrokes to the host. A user can establish a LAT connection through the protocol translator to a Digital host, simply by entering the host name.
Default: Yes
Action: If you plan to use LAT on the interface, write Yes on the worksheet. If not, write No. Repeat this for each installed interface you plan to configure.
After you complete the Interface Configuration Worksheet, go on to the "First-Time Startup" chapter.
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