Chapter 6, Configuring Bridges

Configuring Bridges

This chapter describes how to configure bridging for the ML-Series card. For more information about the Cisco IOS commands used in this chapter, refer to the Cisco IOS Command Reference publication.

This chapter includes the following major sections:

• Understanding Bridging

• Configuring Bridging

• Monitoring and Verifying Bridging

Caution

Cisco Inter-Switch Link (ISL) and Cisco Dynamic Trunking Protocol (DTP) are not supported by the ML-Series cards, but the ML-Series broadcast forwards these formats. Using ISL or DTP on connecting devices is not recommended. Some Cisco devices attempt to use ISL or DTP by default.

Understanding Bridging

The ML-Series card supports transparent bridging for Fast Ethernet, Gigabit Ethernet and POS ports. It supports a maximum of 255 active bridge groups. Transparent bridging combines the speed and protocol transparency of a spanning-tree bridge, along with the functionality, reliability, and security of a router.

To configure bridging, you must perform the following tasks in the modes indicated:

•In global configuration mode:

–Enable bridging of IP packets.

–Select the type of Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) (optional).

•In interface configuration mode:

–Determine which interfaces belong to the same bridge group.

The ML-Series card bridges all nonrouted traffic among the network interfaces comprising the bridge group. If spanning tree is enabled, the interfaces became part of the same spanning tree. Interfaces not participating in a bridge group cannot forward bridged traffic.

If the destination address of the packet is known in the bridge table, the packet is forwarded on a single interface in the bridge group. If the packet's destination is unknown in the bridge table, the packet is flooded on all forwarding interfaces in the bridge group. The bridge places source addresses in the bridge table as it learns them during the process of bridging.

Spanning tree is not mandatory for an ML-Series card bridge group. But if it is configured, a separate spanning-tree process runs for each configured bridge group. A bridge group establishes a spanning tree based on the bridge protocol data units (BPDUs) it receives on only its member interfaces. The ML-Series card has a 255 active bridge group maximum.

Configuring Bridging

Use the following steps to configure bridging:


	Command	Purpose
Step 1	`Router(config)# no ip routing`	Enables bridging of IP packets. This command needs to be executed once per card, not once per bridge-group. This step is not done for integrated routing and bridging (IRB).
Step 2	`Router(config)# bridge bridge-group-number [protocol {drpi-rstp \| rstp \| ieee}]`	Assigns a bridge group number and defines the appropriate spanning-tree type: bridge-group-number can range from 1 to 4096. drpri-rstp is the protocol used to interconnect dual RPR to protect from node failure rstp is the IEEE 802.1W Rapid Spanning Tree. ieee is the IEEE 802.1D Spanning Tree Protocol . Note Spanning tree is not mandatory for an ML-Series card bridge group. But configuring spanning tree blocks network loops.
Step 3	`Router(config)# bridge bridge-group-number priority number`	(Optional) Assigns a specific priority to the bridge, to assist in the spanning-tree root definition. Lowering the priority of a bridge makes it more likely the bridge is selected as the root.
Step 4	`Router(config)# interface type number`	Enters interface configuration mode to configure the interface of the ML-Series card.
Step 5	`Router(config-if)# bridge-group bridge-group-number`	Assigns a network interface to a bridge group.
Step 6	`Router(config-if)# no shutdown`	Changes the shutdown state to up and enables the interface.
Step 7	`Router(config-if)# end`	Returns to privileged EXEC mode.
Step 8	`Router# copy running-config startup-config`	(Optional) Saves your entries in the configuration file.

Figure 6-1 shows a bridging example. Example 6-1 shows the code used to configure ML-Series A. Example 6-2 shows the code used to configure ML-Series B.

Figure 6-1 Bridging Example

Example 6-1 Router A Configuration

bridge 1 protocol ieee

interface FastEthernet0

 no ip address

 bridge-group 1

interface POS0

 no ip address

 crc 32

bridge-group 1

 pos flag c2 1

Example 6-2 Router B Configuration

bridge 1 protocol ieee

interface FastEthernet0

 no ip address

 bridge-group 1

interface POS0

 no ip address

 crc 32

bridge-group 1

 pos flag c2 1

Monitoring and Verifying Bridging

After you have set up the ML-Series card for bridging, you can monitor and verify its operation by performing the following procedure in privileged EXEC mode:


	Command	Purpose
Step 1	`Router# clear bridge bridge-group-number`	Removes any learned entries from the forwarding database of a particular bridge group, clears the transmit, and receives counts for any statically configured forwarding entries.
Step 2	`Router# show bridge {bridge-group-number \| interface-address}`	Displays classes of entries in the bridge forwarding database.
Step 3	`Router# show bridge verbose`	Displays detailed information about configured bridge groups.
Step 4	`ML_Series# show spanning-tree [bridge-group-number][brief]`	Displays detailed information about spanning tree. bridge-group-number restricts the spanning tree information to specific bridge groups. brief displays summary information about spanning tree.

Example 6-3 shows an example of the monitoring and verifying bridging.

Example 6-3 Monitoring and Verifying Bridging

ML-Series# show bridge

Total of 300 station blocks, 298 free

Codes: P - permanent, S - self

Bridge Group 1:

Maximum dynamic entries allowed: 1000

Current dynamic entry count: 2

    Address       Action   Interface

0000.0001.6000   forward   FastEthernet0

0000.0001.6100   forward   POS0

ML-Series# show bridge verbose

Total of 300 station blocks, 298 free

Codes: P - permanent, S - self

Maximum dynamic entries allowed: 1000

Current dynamic entry count: 2

BG Hash      Address      Action  Interface         VC    Age   RX count   TX co

unt

 1 60/0   0000.0001.6000 forward  FastEthernet0        -

 1 61/0   0000.0001.6100 forward  POS0                 -

Flood ports

FastEthernet0

POS0

ML-Series# show spanning-tree brief

Bridge group 1

  Spanning tree enabled protocol ieee

  Root ID    Priority    32769

             Address     0005.9a39.6634

             This bridge is the root

             Hello Time   2 sec  Max Age 20 sec  Forward Delay 15 sec

  Bridge ID  Priority    32769  (priority 32768 sys-id-ext 1)

             Address     0005.9a39.6634

             Hello Time   2 sec  Max Age 20 sec  Forward Delay 15 sec

             Aging Time 300

Interface        Role Sts Cost      Prio.Nbr Type

---------------- ---- --- --------- -------- --------------------------------

Fa0              Desg FWD 19        128.3    P2p

PO0              Desg FWD 9         128.20   P2p

Table Of Contents

Configuring Bridges

Understanding Bridging

Configuring Bridging

Monitoring and Verifying Bridging