|
Feature History
12.1(7)DA2 This line card was introduced. 12.2(7)DA The rate adaptive mode, annex auto, embedded operations channel, and network timing reference features were added.
Release
Modification
This feature module describes Cisco IOS Release 12.2(7)DA support for the Octal-Port G.SHDSL SHTU-C line card (8xG.SHDSL line card). It includes background information on the new G.SHDSL standard and new and modified IOS commands.
This document includes the following sections:
This feature supports the Cisco 8xG.SHDSL line card. The 8xG.SHDSL line card transceivers provide duplex transmission over mixed gauge two-wire twisted metallic pairs. The 8xG.SHDSL line card transceivers are capable of supporting multiple symmetric data rates ranging from 72 kbps to 2312 kbps in fixed mode or from 2312 kbps to 200 kbps in rate adaptive mode using Trellis Coded Pulse Amplitude Modulation (TC-PAM) line coding.
This section describes the benefits offered by the 8xG.SHDSL line card.
Table 1 compares G.SHDSL to the technologies with which it is designed to compete.
G.SHDSL | SDSL | HDSL2 | HDSL | T1 | E1 | IDSL/ISDN | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Standardized | Yes | No | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | No |
ATM Framing | Yes | Yes | No | No | No | No | No |
T1 Framing | No | No | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No |
E1 Framing | No | No | No | No | No | Yes | No |
Super Reach | Yes | No | No | No | No | No | No |
High Density | Yes | Yes | No | No | No | No | Yes |
Rate Adaptive | Yes | No | No | No | No | No | No |
Repeatable | Yes1 | No | No | Yes | Yes | No | Yes |
G.hs | Yes | No | No | No | No | No | No |
1Currently, no shdsl repeaters have been developed. |
The 8xG.SHDSL line card supports multiple line rates ranging from 72 kbps to 2312 kbps in fixed mode. In rate adaptive mode the 8xG.SHDSL line card supports rates ranging from 2312 kbps to 200 kbps in 64 kbps decrements. The line rate is negotiated and then locked when the line trains.
Network Timing Reference Support
Network timing reference (NTR) is enabled for the 8xG.SHDSL line card. NTR passes an 8 Khz reference clock source from the NI-2. CPEs do not have to support NTR to operate with an 8xG.SHDSL line card.
Embedded Operations Channel
Embedded operations channels (EOC) is operational in the 8xG.SHDSL line card. EOC collects statistical information from the CPE.
G.SHDSL TC-PAM line code improves reach over competing technologies.
Note Cisco will extend the 8xG.SHDSL line card reach as shdsl repeaters are developed and verified as interoperable. |
Spectral Compatibility
Spectral compatibility is an important topic that is being addressed by both European and North American standards bodies. The current Draft Spectral Management Standard defines seven spectral classes that police binder groups and guarantee maintained spectral compatibility of multiple binder groups. The 8xG.SHDSL line card meets the guidelines of spectral compatibility defined in the Draft Spectral Management Standard.
Low Power Consumption
Silicon vendors have developed subwatt chipsets that enable port densities higher than those offered by technologies such as SDSL and IDSL.
Currently, the Cisco 6160 and Cisco 6260 systems support up to sixteen 8xG.SHDSL line cards installed per chassis while retaining QoS. Random cell lost may occur, if the guidelines for 8xG.SHDSL line card deployment in a system are exceeded.
Note For more information about the deployment guidelines for the 8xG.SHDSL line card, refer to Octal-Port G.SHDSL SHTU-C Line Card FRU Installation and Replacement Notes. |
Hardware Documents
A complete list of all DSL hardware product-related documentation is available on the World Wide Web at http://www.cisco.com/univercd/cc/td/doc/product/dsl_prod/index.htm .
Software Documents
A complete list of all DSL IOS software product-related documentation is available on the World Wide Web at http://www.cisco.com/univercd/cc/td/doc/product/dsl_prod/ios_dsl/index.htm .
In the ATM software product-related documentation, look for information that pertains to the Cisco LightStream 1010, which uses the same software base as the NI-2 DSL systems. This documentation is available on the World Wide Web at http://www.cisco.com/univercd/cc/td/doc/product/atm/index.htm .
You can install and operate the 8xG.SHDSL line card in the following Cisco DSLAMs:
You must use the 8xG.SHDSL line card in conjunction with the Cisco 828 G.SHDSL router, Cisco SOHO 78 G.SHDSL router, or any other G.SHDSL standards compliant CPE.
Standards
The following standards are supported by the 8xG.SHDSL line card:
MIBs
Cisco derived MIBS:
To obtain lists of MIBs supported by platform and Cisco IOS release, and to download MIB modules, go to the Cisco MIB web site on Cisco Connection Online (CCO) at http://www.cisco.com/public/sw-center/netmgmt/cmtk/mibs.shtml .
Standard MIBS are defined in RFCs 1695 and 2662.
RFCs
The following RFCs are supported by the 8xG.SHDSL line card:
Install one of the following Cisco DSLAM platforms with IOS Release 12.2(7)DA or later:
You must use the 8xG.SHDSL line card in conjunction with the Cisco 828 G.SHDSL router, Cisco SOHO 78 G.SHDSL router, or any other G.SHDSL standards compliant CPE.
The following sections explain how to configure the 8xG.SHDSL line card. The list indicates whether each task in the list is optional or required.
Starting at the global configuration prompt, use the following commands to preprovision a slot for use with the 8xG.SHDSL line card:
Command | Purpose | |
---|---|---|
Step 1 | DSLAM(config)# slot 1 STUC-8-TCPAM
| Associate the 8xG.SHDSL line card with the specified slot. |
Step 2 | DSLAM(config)# dsl-profile austin
| Create and name the DSL profile. |
Step 3 | DSLAM(cfg-dsl-profile)# exit
| Return to the global configuration prompt. |
Step 4 | DSLAM(config)# interface atm1/1
| Enter interface configuration mode on the port where you will associate the austin dsl profile. Repeat this process on each port that you wish to associate with a dsl profile. |
Step 5 | DSLAM(config-if)# dsl profile austin
| Associate the dsl profile austin with atm interface 1/1. |
Step 6 | DSLAM(config-if)# exit
| Return to the global configuration prompt. |
Step 7 | DSLAM | Enter DSL profile configuration mode. |
Step 8 | DSLAM(cfg-dsl-profile)# shdsl bitrate 2312
| Configure a bit rate of 2312 kbps. |
Step 9 | DSLAM(cfg-dsl-profile)# shdsl margin min 0
DSLAM(cfg-dsl-profile)# shdsl margin target 3
DSLAM(cfg-dsl-profile)# shdsl margin threshold 0
| Configure signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) margin values for the DSL profile. Note Cisco suggests that you use the default configuration shown in this step. |
Step 10 | DSLAM(cfg-dsl-profile)# shdsl masktype symmetric
| Set the DSL mask type as symmetric. Note In future software releases, asymmetric masks will be supported for certain bit rates. |
Step 11 | DSLAM(cfg-dsl-profile)# shdsl annex a
Or
| Configure shdsl annex type A. |
Tip After you complete these steps, insert the 8xG.SHDSL line card to activate the card with your preprovisioned configuration. |
Use the show running-configuration command to verify that you have preprovisioned the slot correctly.
Before you start this configuration task, install the 8xG.SHDSL line card. For detailed installation instructions, refer to the Octal-Port G.SHDSL SHTU-C Line Card FRU Installation and Replacement Notes.
Starting at the global configuration prompt, use the following procedure to associate a DSL profile with a port:
Command | Purpose | |
---|---|---|
Step 1 | DSLAM(config)# dsl-profile austin
| Create and name the DSL profile. |
Step 2 | DSLAM(cfg-dsl-profile)# exit
| Return to the global configuration prompt. |
Step 3 | DSLAM(config)# interface atm1/1
| Enter interface configuration mode on the port where you will associate the austin dsl profile. Repeat this process on each port that you want to associate with a dsl profile. |
Step 4 | DSLAM(config-if)# dsl profile austin
| Associate the dsl profile austin with atm interface 1/1. |
Use the show dsl profile profile-name command to verify that a DSL profile is attached to a port. Use the show running-config command to verify that the DSL profile has been associated with a port.
Tip If no DSL profile appears in the show running-configuration command output, the default DSL profile is enabled. See the "Command Reference" section for the default configuration values. |
Starting at the global configuration prompt, use the following procedure to modify the default bit rate, mask type, annex type, and SNR parameters in your DSL profile:
Command | Purpose | |
---|---|---|
Step 1 | DSLAM(config)# dsl-profile austin
| Enter DSL profile configuration mode. |
Step 2 | DSLAM(cfg-dsl-profile)# shdsl bitrate 2312
| Configure a bit rate of 2312 kbps. |
Step 3 | DSLAM(cfg-dsl-profile)# shdsl margin min 0
DSLAM(cfg-dsl-profile)# shdsl margin target 3
DSLAM(cfg-dsl-profile)# shdsl margin threshold 0
| Configure SNR margin values for the DSL profile. Note Cisco suggests that you use the default configuration shown in this step. |
Step 4 | DSLAM(cfg-dsl-profile)# shdsl masktype symmetric
| Set the DSL mask type as symmetric. Note In future software releases, asymmetric masks will be supported for certain bit rates. |
Step 5 | DSLAM(cfg-dsl-profile)# shdsl annex a Or DSLAM(cfg-dsl-profile)# shdsl annex b
Or DSLAM(cfg-dsl-profile)# shdsl annex auto
| Configure shdsl annex type A. |
Step 6 | DSLAM(cfg-dsl-profile)# shdsl ratemode {fixed |
adaptive}
| Configure the training rate as fixed or adaptive. |
Use the following commands to monitor and maintain the 8xG.SHDSL line card:
Command | Purpose |
---|---|
DSLAM# show dsl status
| Use the show dsl status command to display basic information about the DSL link, including port status and cards detected. |
DSLAM# show dsl status shdsl
| Use the show dsl status shdsl command to determine the administrative and operational status of each shdsl port. Nothing is displayed for slots that are empty and unprovisioned. This command also provides information on SNR, header error control (HEC) errors, line rates, receiver gain, and shdsl cards detected. |
DSLAM# show facility-alarm status
| Use the show facility-alarm status command to display all of the current major and minor alarms and the user-configurable alarm thresholds for temperature. After an alarm condition is indicated (by LEDs or bells), use the show facility-alarm status command to determine the cause of the alarm. |
DSLAM# show hardware
| Use the show hardware command to show information on each of the slots in your chassis. The command output tells whether a line card and fan trays arepresent. |
DSLAM# show dsl interface atm
slot/port
| Use the show dsl interface command to view the status or results of a line test or to get information on port status, alarms, configured and actual transmission rates, and transmission errors. |
The following configuration example shows how to configure shdsl parameters in Cisco IOS Release 12.2(7)DA and above.
DSLAM(config)# dsl-profile austin
DSLAM(cfg-dsl-profile)# shdsl margin threshold 10
DSLAM(cfg-dsl-profile)# shdsl margin min 2
DSLAM(cfg-dsl-profile)# shdsl set bitrate 2312 masktype symmetric annex a ratemode fixed
This section documents new or modified commands.
Many of the commands in this section involve the configuration of shdsl bit rates, mask types, annex types, and ratemodes. Use the information in Table 2 to configure valid combinations of bit rates, mask types, annex types, and ratemodes.
Note In rate adaptive mode, the 8xG.SHDSL line card supports rates ranging from 2312 kbps to 200 kbps in 64 kbps decrements. The line rate is negotiated and then locked once the line has trained. |
Bit Rate | Mask Type | Annex Type | Ratemode |
---|---|---|---|
72 | Symmetric | A or B | Fixed |
136 | Symmetric | A or B | Fixed |
200 | Symmetric | A or B | Fixed, adaptive |
264 | Symmetric | A or B | Fixed, adaptive |
392 | Symmetric | A or B | Fixed, adaptive |
520 | Symmetric | A or B | Fixed, adaptive |
776 | Symmetric | A or B | Fixed, adaptive |
1032 | Symmetric | A or B | Fixed, adaptive |
1160 | Symmetric | A or B | Fixed, adaptive |
1544 | Symmetric | A or B | Fixed, adaptive |
2056 | Symmetric | A or B | Fixed, adaptive |
2312 | Symmetric | A or B | Fixed, adaptive |
To configure the shdsl annex type, use the shdsl annex DSL profile configuration command. To disable, use the no form of this command.
shdsl annex {a | b | auto}
Syntax Description
a Configures annex type a on the selected DSL profile. b Configures annex type b on the selected DSL profile. auto Allows the CO to detect and then select the CPE side annex type during training.
Defaults
The default setting for the shdsl annex command is auto.
Command Modes
DSL profile configuration.
Command History
12.1(7)DA2 This command was introduced. 12.2(7)DA The Auto Annex feature was added to the command.
Release
Modification
Usage Guidelines
Use Annex A in North American network implementations. Annex B is appropriate for European shdsl implementations.
Examples
The following example shows how to configure shdsl Annex B:
DSLAM(config)# dsl-profile austin
DSLAM(cfg-dsl-profile)# shdsl annex b
Related Commands
shdsl set bitrate rate masktype symmetric annex {a | b | auto} ratemode {fixed | adaptive} Configures the bit rate, mask type, annex type, and ratemode on a DSL profile. shdsl margin {min dB | threshold dB | target dB} Configures margin values, in decibels, on a DSL profile.
Command
Description
To configure the shdsl bit rate, use the shdsl bitrate DSL profile configuration command. To disable, use the no form of this command.
shdsl bitrate rate
Syntax Description
rate Specifies the maximum symmetrical data transmission rate for a G.SHDSL link. Valid rates are 72, 136, 200, 264, 392, 520, 776, 1032, 1160, 1544, 2056, and 2312 kbps.
Defaults
no shdsl bitrate
The default setting specifies a line rate of 776 kbps.
Command Modes
DSL profile configuration
Command History
12.1(7)DA2 This command was introduced.
Release
Modification
Usage Guidelines
Changing the bit rate on a live port causes the line to retrain.
Examples
The following example shows how to use the shdsl bitrate command to configure the upstream and downstream bandwidth at 2312 kbps:
DSLAM(config)# dsl-profile austin
DSLAM(cfg-dsl-profile)# shdsl bitrate 2312
Related Commands
shdsl set bitrate rate masktype symmetric annex {a | b | auto} ratemode {fixed | adaptive} Configures the bit rate, mask type, annex type, and ratemode on a DSL profile. shdsl margin {min dB | threshold dB | target dB} Configures margin values, in decibels, on a DSL profile.
Command
Description
To configure shdsl margins, use the shdsl margin DSL profile configuration command. To disable, use the no form of this command.
shdsl margin target dB
Syntax Description
target In rate adaptive mode the target margin determines the amount of margin required before the line will train. If the line cannot achieve the target margin it will attempt to train at a lower rate. The line will continue to lower the rate until it finds a line rate that will support the target margin. dB 0 to 15 is the configurable range of values in decibels. min Configures the minimum SNR margin for the selected DSL profile. If the SNR falls below the configured value after the line has been trained for 5 seconds, the line drops and attempts to retrain. dB 0 to 31 is the configurable range of values in decibels. threshold Configures the minimum SNR threshold margin. If the SNR margin falls below the configured value, an SNR margin threshold alarm is issued. dB 0 to 31 is the configurable range of values in decibels.
Defaults
The default setting, no shdsl margin configures the following threshold values:
Note Cisco suggests using the no shdsl margin default settings. |
Command Modes
DSL profile configuration.
Command History
12.1(7)DA2 This command was introduced.
Release
Modification
Usage Guidelines
Changing the shdsl margin on a live port causes the line to retrain.
Examples
The following example shows you how to configure the shdsl margin values min 2, threshold 10, and target 0:
DSLAM(config)#
dsl-profile austin
DSLAM
(cfg-dsl-profile)# shdsl margin min 2
DSLAM
(cfg-dsl-profile)# shdsl margin threshold 10
DSLAM
(cfg-dsl-profile)# shdsl margin target 0
Related Commands
shdsl set bitrate rate masktype symmetric annex {a | b | auto} ratemode {fixed | adaptive} Configures the bit rate, mask type, annex type, and ratemode on a DSL profile.
Command
Description
To set the G.SHDSL mask type, use the shdsl masktype command in DSL profile configuration mode. To use the default mask type, use the no form of this command.
shdsl masktype masktype
Syntax Description
symmetric Configures symmetric mask type in the selected DSL profile.
Defaults
The default shdsl masktype is symmetric.
Command Modes
DSL profile configuration.
Command History
12.1(7)DA2 This command was introduced.
Release
Modification
Usage Guidelines
Changing the shdsl mask type on a live port causes the line to retrain.
Examples
The following example shows you how to configure a symmetric mask type:
DSLAM(config)#
dsl-profile austin
DSLAM(cfg-dsl-profile)# shdsl masktype symmetric
Related Commands
shdsl set bitrate rate masktype symmetric annex {a | b | auto} ratemode {fixed | adaptive} Configures the bit rate, mask type, annex type, and ratemode on a DSL profile. shdsl margin {min dB | threshold dB | target dB} Configures margin values, in decibels, on a DSL profile.
Command
Description
To configure the type of training rate (fixed or adaptive), use the shdsl ratemode command. To disable ratemode, use the no form of this command.
shdsl ratemode {fixed | adaptive}
Syntax Description
fixed In fixed training mode, no rates are negotiated. The line rate selected is the line rate to which the port attempts to train. If the port is unable to attain that line rate, it does not train. adaptive In adaptive training mode, the rate is negotiated during training. If the line cannot train at the selected rate, the line trains at the next best rate. Rates are negotiated in 64 kbps decrements.
Defaults
The default, no shdsl ratemode, is fixed.
Command Modes
DSL profile configuration.
Command History
12.2(7)DA This command was introduced.
Release
Modification
Usage Guidelines
Changing the shdsl bit rate, mask type, rate, or annex type on a live port causes the line to retrain.
Examples
In the following example the training mode is configured as adaptive:
DSLAM(config)# dsl-profile austin
DSLAM(cfg-dsl-profile)# shdsl ratemode adaptive
Related Commands
shdsl annex {a | b} Configures the annex type on a DSL profile. shdsl bitrate rate Configures the bit rate on a DSL profile. shdsl masktype symmetric Configures the mask type on a DSL profile. shdsl margin {min dB | threshold dB | target dB} Configures margin values, in decibels, on a DSL profile. shdsl set bitrate rate masktype symmetric annex {a | b | auto} ratemode {fixed | adaptive} Configures the bit rate, mask type, annex type, and ratemode on a DSL profile.
Command
Description
The shdsl set bitrate masktype annex ratemode command aggregates the configuration of shdsl bit rates, mask types, annex types, and rate mode. To configure SHDSL bit rates, mask types, annex types, and rate mode, use the shdsl set bitrate masktype annex ratemode command in DSL profile configuration mode. To disable the shdsl set bitrate masktype annex ratemode command, use the no form of this command.
shdsl set bitrate rate masktype symmetric annex {a | b | auto} ratemode {fixed | adaptive}
Syntax Description
bitrate Specifies the maximum symmetrical data transmission rate for a G.SHDSL link. rate Valid rates are 72, 136, 200, 264, 392, 520, 776, 1032, 1160, 1544, 2056, and 2312 kbps. masktype Configures the shdsl mask type for the selected DSL profile. symmetric Configures a symmetric mask type for the selected DSL profile. annex Configures the annex type for the selected DSL profile. a Configures Annex A for the selected DSL profile. b Configures Annex B for the selected DSL profile. auto Allows the CO to detect and then select the CPE side annex type during training. ratemode Configures the shdsl rate type for the selected DSL profile. fixed Configures a fixed training rate for the selected DSL profile. adaptive Configures an adaptive training rate for the selected DSL profile.
Defaults
The default no shdsl set bitrate rate masktype symmetric annex {a | b | auto} ratemode {fixed | adaptive} configures the following values on the selected DSL profile:
Command Modes
DSL profile configuration.
Command History
12.1(7)DA2 This command was introduced. 12.2(7)DA The ratemode keyword was added.
Release
Modification
Usage Guidelines
Changing the shdsl bit rate, mask type, rate, or annex type on a live port causes the line to retrain.
Examples
The following example shows how to configure a DSL profile with a 1544 kbps bit rate, symmetric mask type, Annex A, and adaptive ratemode:
DSLAM(config)# dsl-profile austin
DSLAM(cfg-dsl-profile)# shdsl set bitrate 1544 masktype symmetric annex a
ratemode adaptive
Related Commands
shdsl annex {a | b | auto} Configures the annex type on a DSL profile. shdsl bitrate rate Configures the bit rate on a DSL profile. shdsl masktype symmetric Configures the mask type on a DSL profile. shdsl margin {min dB | threshold dB | target dB} Configures margin values, in decibels, on a DSL profile. shdsl ratemode {fixed | adaptive} Configures the type of ratemode (fixed or adaptive) on a DSL profile.
Command
Description
To troubleshoot shdsl ports, use the show dsl status shdsl command.
show dsl status shdslSyntax Description
The command has no arguments or keywords.
Command Modes
EXEC
Command History
12.1(7)DA2 This command was modified to provide G.SHDSL-specific feedback.
Release
Modification
Usage Guidelines
Use this command to determine the administrative and operational status of each port. Nothing is displayed for slots that are empty and unprovisioned. This command also provides information on SNRs, HEC errors, line rates, receiver gain, and shdsl line cards detected.
Examples
The following example shows sample output from the show DSL status shdsl command:
DSLAM> show DSL status shdsl
Subtend Node ID: 0
RATE RCVR TX RCVR HEC NUM of CARD
NAME ADMIN/OPER (Kb) GAIN POWER SNR ERROR CHANGES DETECT
---- ---------- ------- ---- ------ ------ ------ ------- ------
ATM12/1 UP/ UP 1032 37 14 37 0 1 1
ATM12/2 UP/ UP 1032 37 14 37 0 1 1
ATM12/3 UP/ UP 1032 37 14 37 0 1 1
ATM12/4 UP/ UP 1032 37 14 38 0 1 1
ATM12/5 UP/ UP 1032 38 14 38 0 1 1
ATM12/6 UP/ UP 1032 37 14 38 0 1 1
Command
Description
show dsl status
Displays generic DSL interface information.
A |
|
AAL5 | ATM adaptation layer 5. This layer maps higher layer user data into ATM cells, making the data suitable for transport through the ATM network. |
access identifier | See AID. |
address mask | A bit mask used to select bits from an Internet address for subnet addressing. The mask is 32 bits long and selects the network portion of the Internet address and one or more bits of the local portion. Sometimes called subnet mask. |
ADSL | asymmetric digital subscriber line. A digital subscriber line (DSL) technology in which the transmission of data from server to client is much faster than the transmission from the client to the server. |
ADSL Transmission Unitcentral office | See ATU-C. |
ADSL Transmission Unitremote | See ATU-R. |
AID | access identifier. |
AIS | alarm indication signal. |
American National Standards Institute | See ANSI. |
American Wire Gauge | See AWG. |
ANSI | American National Standards Institute. An organization that develops standards for many things, only some having to do with computers. ANSI is a member of the International Standards Organization (ISO). See ISO. |
asymmetric digital subscriber line | See ADSL. |
asynchronous communications | A method of transmitting data in which each transmitted character is sent separately. The character has integral start and stop bits so that the character can be sent at an arbitrary time, and separate from any other character. |
Asynchronous Transfer Mode | See ATM. |
ATM | Asynchronous Transfer Mode. A cell-based data transfer technique in which channel demand determines packet allocation. ATM offers fast packet technology, real time, demand-led switching for efficient use of network resources. |
ATM adaptation layer 5 | See AAL5. |
ATU-C | ADSL Transmission Unitcentral office. Transmission unit installed in the carrier's central office, such as a line card, used to support ADSL service. |
ATU-R | ADSL Transmission Unitremote. Transmission unit installed at the customer's premises, such as a line card, used to support ADSL service. |
authentication | A security feature that allows access to information to be granted on an individual basis. |
autonegotiation | A procedure for adjusting line speeds and other communication parameters automatically between two computers during data transfer. |
AWG | American Wire Gauge. The measurement of thickness of a wire. |
D |
|
DDTS | Cisco Distributed Defect Tracking System. |
digital signal level 3 | See DS3. |
Distributed Defect Tracking System | See DDTS. |
DS3 | digital signal level 3. A framing specification used for transmitting digital signals at 44.736 Mbps on a T3 facility. |
DSLAM | Digital Subscriber Line Access Multiplexer. A device that concentrates and multiplexes digital subscriber line signals at the telephone service provider location to the broadband wide area network. Replaces ADSLAM. |
E |
|
E1 | A digital carrier that is used to transmit a formatted signal at 2.048 Mbps. |
E3 | A digital carrier that is used to transmit a formatted signal at 34.368 Mbps. |
EEPROM | Electronically erasable programmable read-only memory. EPROM that can be erased using electrical signals applied to specific pins. |
Embedded Operations Channel | An embedded operations channel (EOC) is a dedicated channel for network management and monitoring purposes. |
F |
|
frame | A packet of data as it is transmitted over a serial line. The term derives from character-oriented protocols that involve the addition of special start-of-frame header and end-of-frame trailer for packet identification and transmission. |
FTP | File Transfer Protocol. The Internet protocol (and program) used to transfer files between hosts. |
G |
|
g.832 ADM | ITU-T framing standard that defines the mapping of ATM cells onto the physical medium. |
gateway | A system which does translation from one native format to another. Examples include X.400 to/from RFC 822 electronic mail gateways. See router. |
I |
|
IMA | Inverse Multiplexing over ATM. Standard protocol defined by the ATM Forum in 1997. |
IP | Internet Protocol. The network layer protocol for the Internet Protocol suite. |
IP address | The 32-bit address assigned to hosts that want to participate in a TCP/IP Internet. |
L |
|
LCD | Loss of Cell Delineation |
LODS | LOss Of Delay Synchronization |
LOF | Loss Of Frame. |
LOS | Loss Of Signal. |
loopback | A diagnostic test that returns the transmitted signal to the sending device after it has passed through a network or across a particular link. The returned signal can then be compared to the transmitted one. The discrepancies between the two help to trace the fault. To locate a faulty piece of equipment, loopbacks can be repeated to eliminate satisfactory machines until the problem is found. |
LOS | loss of signal. |
M |
|
Management Information Base | See MIB. |
signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) margin | Represents the amount of increased received signal noise (in decibels) relative to the signal noise power level the unit is designed to tolerate without disconnecting from the network. |
MIB | Management Information Base. A database of network performance information that can be accessed via a network management protocol, such as SNMP or CMIP (Common Management Information Protocol). |
N |
|
Network Timing Reference | Network timing reference. In DSL, NTR enables the DSLAM to provide clocking for network devices that reside beyond the CPE. The CPE must support NTR to enable this feature. |
NI-2 | A second generation network interface card. |
O |
|
OOF | Out Of Frame. |
R |
|
RADSL | rate adaptive digital subscriber line. A transmission technology that supports adaptive transmission rates through the use of intelligent DSL modems, which negotiate the line rate according to line conditions and profile specifications. Once the line rate is negotiated, the rate is locked when the line trains. RADSL supports both asymmetric and symmetric applications on a single twisted pair telephone line. |
route | The path that network traffic takes from its source to its destination. The route a datagram follows can include many gateways and many physical networks. In the Internet, each datagram is routed separately. |
router | A system responsible for making decisions about which of several paths network (or Internet) traffic will follow. To do this, it uses a routing protocol to gain information about the network and algorithms to choose the best route based on several criteria known as "routing metrics." |
routing table | Information stored within a router that contains network path and status information. It is used to select the most appropriate route for information forwarding. |
S |
|
Simple Network Management Protocol | See SNMP. |
slot | A numbered location within a chassis capable of housing a module. |
SNMP | Simple Network Management Protocol. The network management protocol of choice for TCP/IP-based internets. |
T |
|
T3 | A digital carrier that is used to transmit a DS3 formatted digital signal at 45 Mbps. |
TCP | Transmission Control Protocol. The major transport protocol in the Internet suite of protocols. TCP provides reliable, connection-oriented full-duplex data transmission. |
Telnet | The virtual terminal protocol in the Internet suite of protocols. Allows users of one host to log into a remote host and act as normal terminal users of that host. |
TFTP | Trivial File Transfer Protocol. A simple file transfer protocol (a simplified version of FTP) that is often used to boot diskless workstations and other network devices such as routers over a network (typically a LAN). TFTP does not offer password security. |
training | The procedure used by the ATU-C and ATU-R to establish an end-to-end ADSL connection. |
training mode | A characteristic of a router that allows it to use RADSL technology to adjust its line speed according to noise conditions on the transmission line. |
Transmission Control Protocol | See TCP. |
Trivial File Transfer Protocol | See TFTP. |
twisted pair | Two insulated copper wires twisted together with the twists or lays varied in length to reduce potential signal interference between the pairs. |
U |
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UNI | User-Network Interface. |
UNI signaling | User-Network Interface signaling for ATM communications. |
upstream rate | The line rate for message or data transfer from the source machine to a destination machine on the network. |
V |
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VC | virtual circuit. A logical circuit created to ensure reliable communication between two network devices. A virtual circuit is defined by a VPI/VCI pair, and can be either permanent (PVC) or switched (SVC). In ATM, a virtual circuit is called a virtual channel. Sometimes abbreviated VC. See also VPI. |
virtual circuit | See VC. |
VPI | virtual path identifier. An 8-bit field in the header of an ATM cell. The VPI, together with the VCI, is used to identify the next destination of a cell as it passes through the network. |
Posted: Wed Jul 24 12:04:51 PDT 2002
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