|
|
The LightStream 1010 ATM switch user interface provides access to several different command modes. Each command mode provides a group of related commands. Users familiar with the Cisco Internetwork Operating System (Cisco IOS) user interface will find the interfaces very similar. This chapter describes how to access and list the commands available in each command mode, and explains the primary uses for each command mode.
For security purposes, the user interface provides two levels of access to commands: user and privileged. The unprivileged user mode is called user EXEC mode. The privileged mode is called privileged EXEC mode, and requires a password. The commands available in user EXEC mode are a subset of the commands available in privileged EXEC mode.
From the privileged level, you can access global configuration mode and three specific configuration modes: terminal, memory, and network configuration. In addition, if your switch does not find a valid system image, or if its configuration file is corrupted at startup, the system might enter read-only memory (ROM) monitor mode. Entering a question mark (?) at the system prompt allows you to obtain a list of commands available for each command mode.
Almost every switch configuration command also has a no form. In general, use the no form to disable a feature or function. Use the command without the keyword no to reenable a disabled feature or to enable a feature that is disabled by default. For example, terminal history is enabled by default. Specify the command no history to disable terminal history and specify terminal history to reenable it. The LightStream 1010 ATM Switch Command Reference publication provides the complete syntax for every switch configuration command and describes what the no form of a command does.
The user interface also provides context-sensitive help on command syntax. This chapter describes how to use the help system. It also describes the command editing and command history features that enable you to recall previous command entries and easily edit command entries.
For a complete description of the commands mentioned in this chapter, refer to the LightStream 1010 ATM Switch Command Reference publication.
You can perform the tasks in the following sections to become familiar with the LightStream 1010 ATM switch user interface:
This section describes how to access each of the LightStream 1010 ATM switch command modes:
Table 2-1 lists the command modes, how to access each mode, the prompt you will see while you are in that mode, the main uses for each configuration mode, and the method to exit that mode. The prompts listed assume the default switch name "Switch." Table 2-1 might not include all of the possible ways to access or exit each command mode.
Table 2-1 Summary of Command Modes
After you log in to the switch, you are automatically in user EXEC command mode. The EXEC commands available at the user level are a subset of those available at the privileged level. In general, the user EXEC commands allow you to connect to remote switches, change terminal settings on a temporary basis, perform basic tests, and list system information.
The user-level prompt consists of the switch's host name followed by the angle bracket (>):
The default host name is Switch unless it has been changed during initial configuration using the hostname global configuration command described in the section "Configure the System Information."
To list the commands available in user EXEC mode, enter a question mark (?) as shown in the following example:
Note The list of commands might vary slightly from this example, depending on the software feature set and configuration of your switch.
Because many of the privileged commands set operating parameters, privileged access should be password-protected to prevent unauthorized use. The privileged command set includes those commands contained in user EXEC mode, as well as the configure command through which you can access the remaining command modes. Privileged EXEC mode also includes high-level testing commands, such as debug. For details on the debug commands, see the LightStream 1010 ATM Switch Command Reference publication.
To access and list the privileged EXEC commands, complete the following tasks:
If the system administrator has set a password, you are prompted to enter it before being allowed access to privileged EXEC mode. The password is not displayed on the screen and is case sensitive. If an enable password has not been set, enabled mode can only be accessed from the console. The system administrator uses the enable password global configuration command to set the password that restricts access to privileged mode. This command is described in the Lightstream 1010 ATM Switch Command Reference publication.
The privileged EXEC mode prompt consists of the switch's host name followed by the pound sign (#). (If the switch was named with the hostname command, that name would appear as the prompt instead of "Switch.")
The following example shows how to access privileged EXEC mode and list privileged EXEC commands:
Note The list of commands might vary slightly from this example, depending on the software feature set and configuration of your switch.
From the privileged level, you can access global configuration mode. For instructions, see the "Global Configuration Mode" section, which follows this section.
To return from privileged EXEC mode to user EXEC mode, perform the following task:
If your switch does not find a valid system image, or if you interrupt the boot sequence, the system might enter read-only memory (ROM) monitor mode. From ROM monitor mode, you can boot the switch or perform diagnostic tests.
You can also enter ROM monitor mode by entering the reload EXEC command and then pressing the Break key during the first 60 seconds of startup. To save changes to the configuration file, use the copy running-config startup-config command before issuing the reload command.
To access and list the ROM monitor configuration commands, complete the following tasks:
| Task | Command |
|---|---|
reload1 |
|
| 1This command is documented in the LightStream 1010 ATM Switch Command Reference publication. |
The ROM monitor prompt is the angle bracket (>):
To initialize the switch, enter the b command. To boot the system image file, use the b command as described in the chapter "Loading System Images, Software Images, and Configuration Files."
Global configuration commands apply to features that affect the system as a whole. Use the configure privileged EXEC command to enter global configuration mode. When you enter this command, the EXEC prompts you for the source of the configuration commands:
You can then specify either the terminal, nonvolatile memory (NVRAM), or a file stored on a network server as the source of configuration commands. For more information see the chapter "Loading System Images, Software Images, and Configuration Files." The default is to enter commands from the terminal console. Pressing the Return key begins this configuration method.
To access and list the global configuration commands, complete the following tasks:
| Task | Command |
|---|---|
| Step 1. At the terminal, from the privileged EXEC mode, enter global configuration mode. | |
| Step 2. List the global configuration commands. |
| 1This command is documented in the LightStream 1010 ATM Switch Command Reference publication. |
The following example shows how to access global configuration mode and list global configuration commands:
Note The list of commands might vary slightly from this example, depending on the software feature set and configuration of your switch.
To exit global configuration command mode and return to privileged EXEC mode, use one of the following commands:
From global configuration mode, you can access the following configuration modes:
These command modes are described in the following sections.
Many features are enabled on a per-interface basis. Interface configuration commands modify the operation of an interface such as an ATM, Ethernet, or asynchronous port. Interface configuration commands always follow an interface global configuration command, which defines the interface type.
To access and list the interface configuration commands, complete the following task:
| Task | Command |
|---|---|
| Step 1. From global configuration mode, enter interface configuration mode. | |
| Step 2. List the interface configuration commands. |
| 1This command is documented in the LightStream 1010 ATM Switch Command Reference publication. |
In the following example, ATM interface 3/0/0 is about to be configured. The new prompt
Switch(config-if)# indicates interface configuration mode. In this example, the user asks for help by requesting a list of commands.
Note The list of commands might vary slightly from this example, depending on the software feature set and configuration of your switch.
To exit interface configuration mode and return to global configuration mode, enter the exit command. To exit configuration mode and return to privileged EXEC mode, use the end command or press Ctrl-Z.
You can configure multiple logical interfaces (called subinterfaces) for VP tunneling on a single ATM interface. And you can configure multiple subinterfaces on a single ASP interface.
To access and list the subinterface configuration commands, complete the following task:
| 1This command is documented in the LightStream 1010 ATM Switch Command Reference publication. |
In the following example, an interface is configured for ATM 0/0/0. The subinterface is number 99 to indicate that it is subinterface 99 of port 0 on the port adapter module (PAM) 0 in carrier module (CAM in slot 0). The new prompt Switch(config-subif)# indicates subinterface configuration mode. The subinterface can be configured to support one or more ATM PVCs. To list the commands available in subinterface configuration mode, enter a question mark (?).
Note The list of commands might vary slightly from this example, depending on the software feature set and configuration of your switch.
To exit subinterface configuration mode and return to global configuration mode, enter the exit command. To exit configuration mode and return to privileged EXEC mode, press Ctrl-Z.
Line configuration commands modify the operation of a terminal line. Line configuration commands always follow a line command, which defines a line number. These commands are generally used to connect to remote switches, change terminal parameter settings either on a line-by-line basis or for a range of lines, and set up the auxiliary port modem configuration. For detailed line configuration instructions, see the chapter "Configuring Terminal Lines and Modem Support."
To access and list the auxiliary port, console port, and virtual terminal line configuration commands, complete the following task:
| Task | Command |
|---|---|
| Step 1. From global configuration mode, configure an auxiliary, console, or virtual terminal line. | |
| Step 2. List the line configuration commands. |
| 1This command is documented in the LightStream 1010 ATM Switch Command Reference publication. |
The following example shows how to enter line configuration mode for the console line and list the line configuration commands. The new prompt Switch(config-line)# indicates line configuration mode.
Note The list of commands might vary slightly from this example, depending on the software feature set and configuration of your switch.
To exit line configuration mode and return to global configuration mode, use the exit command. To exit configuration mode and return to privileged EXEC mode, use the end command or press Ctrl-Z.
The LightStream 1010 ATM switch supports a static mapping scheme that identifies the ATM address of remote hosts or switches.
Map-list configuration commands configure a map list. They always follow a map-list global configuration command. To access and list the map list configuration commands, complete the following task:
| Task | Command |
|---|---|
| Step 1. From global configuration mode, use the map-list command. | |
| Step 2. List the map-list configuration commands. |
| 1This command is documented in the LightStream 1010 ATM Switch Command Reference publication. |
The following example shows how to enter map-list configuration mode and list the map list configuration commands. In this example, the static map-list configuration commands are listed. The new prompt Switch(config-map-list)# indicates map-list configuration mode.
Note The list of commands might vary slightly from this example, depending on the software feature set and configuration of your switch.
To exit map-list configuration mode and return to global configuration mode, enter the exit command. To exit configuration mode and return to privileged EXEC mode, use the end command or press Ctrl-Z.
The ATM interface allows you to specify Quality of Service (QOS) parameters that control how much traffic the source switch will be sending over a switched virtual circuit (SVC).
To define QOS parameters that are associated with a static map for an SVC, use the following map-class global configuration command:
| Task | Command |
|---|---|
| Step 1. From global configuration mode, configure an ATM map class. | |
| Step 2. List the map-class configuration commands. |
| 1This command is documented in the LightStream 1010 ATM Switch Command Reference publication. |
In the following example, the static map-class configuration commands are listed. The prompt Switch(config-map-class)# indicates map-class configuration mode.
Note The list of commands might vary slightly from this example, depending on the software feature set and configuration of your switch.
To exit map-class configuration mode and return to global configuration mode, enter the exit command. To exit configuration mode and return to privileged EXEC mode, use the end command or press Ctrl-Z.
The LightStream 1010 ATM switch supports the Private Network-to-Network Interface (PNNI) routing protocol. The atm router pnni command entered from privileged EXEC command mode allows you to change to PNNI router configuration mode.
To access and list the atm router pnni configuration commands, complete the following tasks:
| Task | Command |
|---|---|
| Step 1. From global configuration mode, use the atm router pnni command. | |
| Step 2. List the ATM router PNNI configuration commands. |
| 1This command is documented in the LightStream 1010 ATM Switch Command Reference publication. |
The following example shows how to enter ATM router PNNI configuration mode and list the ATM router PNNI configuration commands. The new prompt Switch(config-atm-router)# indicates ATM router PNNI configuration mode.
Note The list of commands might vary slightly from this example, depending on the software feature set and configuration of your switch.
To exit ATM router configuration mode and return to global configuration mode, enter the exit command. To exit configuration mode and return to privileged EXEC mode, use the end command or press Ctrl-Z.
The LightStream 1010 ATM switch supports the PNNI routing protocol. The ATM router PNNI node command entered from ATM router PNNI command mode, allows you to change to node configuration mode.
To access and list the ATM router PNNI node configuration commands, complete the following task:
Case-sensitive character string that specifies the line password. |
|
| Step 2. List the ATM router PNNI node configuration commands. |
The following example shows how to enter ATM router PNNI node configuration mode for PNNI node index number one and list the ATM router PNNI node configuration commands. The new prompt Switch(config-pnni-node)# indicates ATM router PNNI node configuration mode.
Note The list of commands might vary slightly from this example, depending on the software feature set and configuration of your switch.
To exit ATM router node configuration mode and return to global configuration mode, enter the exit command. To exit configuration mode and return to privileged EXEC mode, use the end command or press Ctrl-Z.
The previous sections described the first level of help available with the user interface. Entering a question mark (?) at the system prompt displays a list of commands available for each command mode. You can also get a list of any command's keywords and arguments with the context-sensitive help feature.
To get help specific to a command mode, a command, a keyword, or arguments, perform one of the following tasks:
| 1This command is documented in the LightStream 1010 ATM Switch Command Reference. |
When using context-sensitive help, the space (or lack of a space) before the question mark (?) is significant. To obtain a list of commands that begin with a particular character sequence, type in those characters followed immediately by the question mark (?). Do not include a space. This form of help is called word help, because it completes a word for you.
To list keywords or arguments, enter a question mark (?) in place of a keyword or argument. Include a space before the ?. This form of help is called command syntax help, because it reminds you which keywords or arguments are applicable based on the command, keywords, and arguments you already have entered.
You can abbreviate commands and keywords to the number of characters that allow a unique abbreviation. For example, you can abbreviate the show command to sh.
Enter the help command (which is available in any command mode) for a brief description of the help system:
As described in the help command output, you can enter a partial command name and a question mark (?) to obtain a list of commands beginning with a particular character set. See "Complete a Partial Command Name" later in this chapter for more detail.
The following example illustrates how the context-sensitive help feature enables you to create an access list from configuration mode. First enter the letters co at the system prompt followed by a question mark (?). Do not leave a space between the last letter and the question mark (?). The system provides the commands that begin with co.
Enter the configure command followed by a space and a question mark (?) to list the command's keywords and a brief explanation:
Enter the terminal keyword to enter configuration mode from the terminal:
Enter the access-list command followed by a space and a question mark (?) to list the command's keywords:
Enter the access list number 99 and then enter another question mark (?) to see the arguments that apply to the keyword and brief explanations:
Enter the deny argument followed by a question mark (?) to list additional options:
Enter the IP address followed by a question mark (?) to list additional options:
The <cr> symbol appears in the list, indicating that one of your options is to press Return to execute the command. The other option is to add a wildcard mask. Enter the wildcard mask followed by a question mark (?) to list further options.
The <cr> symbol by itself indicates there are no more keywords or arguments. Press Return to execute the command. The system adds an entry to access list 99 that denies access to all hosts on subnet 131.108.134.0.
The user interface provides error isolation in the form of an error indicator (^). The ^ symbol appears at the point in the command string where you have entered an incorrect command, keyword, or argument. The error location indicator and interactive help system allow you to easily find and correct syntax errors.
In the following example, suppose you want to set the switch clock. First, use context-sensitive help to check the syntax for setting the clock.
The help output shows that the set keyword is required. Next, check the syntax for entering the time:
The system indicates that you need to provide additional arguments to complete the command. Press Ctrl-P (see the next section, "Use the Command History Features") to automatically repeat the previous command entry. Then add a space and question mark (?) to reveal the additional arguments:
Now you can complete the command entry:
The caret symbol (^) and help response indicate an error at 93. To list the correct syntax, enter the command up to the point where the error occurred and then enter a question mark (?):
Enter the year using the correct syntax and press Return to execute the command.
With the current software release, the user interface provides a history or record of commands you have entered. This feature is particularly useful for recalling long or complex commands or entries, including access lists. With the command history feature, you can complete the tasks in the following sections:
By default, the system records ten command lines in its history buffer. To set the number of command lines the system will record during the current terminal session, complete the following task in EXEC mode:
| Task | Command |
|---|---|
Enable the command history feature for the current terminal session. |
| 1This command is documented in the LightStream 1010 ATM Switch Command Reference. |
The terminal no history size command resets the number of lines saved by history to the default of ten lines.
To configure the number of command lines the system will record, complete the following task in line configuration mode:
| Task | Command |
|---|---|
| 1The no history command turns off command history for the line. |
To recall commands from the history buffer, perform one of the following tasks:
| 1The arrow keys function only on ANSI-compatible terminals such as VT100s. |
The command history feature is automatically enabled. To disable it during the current terminal session, complete the following task in EXEC mode:
| Task | Command |
|---|---|
Disable the command history feature for the current session. |
| 1This command is documented in the LightStream 1010 ATM Switch Command Reference. |
To configure a specific line so that the command history feature is disabled, complete the following task in line configuration mode:
The current software release includes an enhanced editing mode that provides a set of editing key functions similar to those of the Emacs editor.
You can enter commands in uppercase, lowercase, or a mix of both. Only passwords are case sensitive. You can abbreviate commands and keywords to the number of characters that allow a unique abbreviation. For example, you can abbreviate the show command to sh. After entering the command line at the system prompt, press the Return key to execute the command.
With the editing features you can complete the tasks in the following sections:
Although enhanced editing mode is automatically enabled with the current software release, you can disable it and revert to the editing mode of previous software releases. See the section "Disable Enhanced Editing Mode" later in this chapter.
To reenable the enhanced editing mode for the current terminal session, complete the following task in EXEC mode:
| Task | Command |
|---|---|
Enable the enhanced editing features for the current terminal session. |
| 1This command is documented in the LightStream 1010 ATM Switch Command Reference. |
To reconfigure a specific line to have enhanced editing mode, complete the following task in line configuration mode:
Perform the following tasks to move the cursor around on the command line for corrections or changes:
| Task | Keystrokes |
| 1The arrow keys function only on ANSI-compatible terminals such as VT100s. |
If you cannot remember a complete command name, you can use the Tab key to allow the system to complete a partial entry. To do so, perform the following task:
If your keyboard does not have a Tab key, press Ctrl-I instead.
In the following example, when you enter the letters conf and press the Tab key, the system provides the complete command:
If you enter a set of characters that could indicate more than one command, the system beeps to indicate an error. Enter a question mark (?) to obtain a list of commands that begin with that set of characters. Do not leave a space between the last letter and the question mark (?).
For example, there are three commands in privileged mode that start with co. To see what they are, type co? at the privileged EXEC prompt:
The system provides a buffer that contains the last ten items you deleted. You can recall these items and paste them in the command line by performing the following task:
| Task | Keystrokes |
|---|---|
| Step 1. Recall the most recent entry in the buffer. | |
| Step 2. Recall the next buffer entry. |
The buffer contains only the last ten items you have deleted or cut. If you press Esc Y more than ten times, you will cycle back to the first buffer entry.
The new editing command set provides a wraparound feature for commands that extend beyond a single line on the screen. When the cursor reaches the right margin, the command line shifts ten spaces to the left. You cannot see the first ten characters of the line, but you can scroll back and check the syntax at the beginning of the command. To scroll back, perform the following task:
| 1The arrow keys function only on ANSI-compatible terminals such as VT100s. |
In the following example, the access-list command entry extends beyond one line. When the cursor first reaches the end of the line, the line is shifted ten spaces to the left and redisplayed. The dollar sign ($) indicates that the line has been scrolled to the left. Each time the cursor reaches the end of the line, the line is again shifted ten spaces to the left.
When you have completed the entry, press Ctrl-A to check the complete syntax before pressing the Return key to execute the command. The dollar sign ($) appears at the end of the line to indicate that the line has been scrolled to the right:
The switch assumes you have a terminal screen that is 80 columns wide. If you have a width other than that, use the terminal width command to tell the switch the correct width of your terminal.
Use line wrapping in conjunction with the command history feature to recall and modify previous complex command entries. See the section "Recall Commands" earlier in this chapter for information about recalling previous command entries.
Perform any of the following tasks to delete command entries if you make a mistake or change your mind:
| Task | Keystrokes |
|---|---|
Delete all characters from the cursor to the end of the command line. |
|
Delete all characters from the cursor to the beginning of the command line. |
|
When you use the help facility to list the commands available in a particular mode, the list is often longer than the terminal screen can display. In such cases, a ---More--- prompt is displayed at the bottom of the screen. To view the next line or screen, complete the following tasks:
| Task | Keystrokes |
|---|---|
Note The ---More--- prompt is used for any output that has more lines than can be displayed on the terminal screen, including show command output. You can use the keystrokes listed above whenever you see the ---More--- prompt.
If you are entering a command and the system suddenly sends a message to your screen, you can easily recall your current command line entry. To do so, perform the following task:
If you have mistyped a command entry, you can transpose the mistyped characters by performing the following task:
| Task | Keystrokes |
|---|---|
Transpose the character to the left of the cursor with the character located at the cursor. |
You can capitalize or lowercase words or capitalize a set of letters with simple keystroke sequences. To do so, perform the following task:
| Task | Keystrokes |
|---|---|
Sometimes you might want to use a particular keystroke as an executable command, perhaps as a shortcut. Complete the following task to insert a system code for this purpose:
| Task | Keystrokes |
|---|---|
Insert a code to indicate to the system that the keystroke immediately following should be treated as a command entry, not an editing key. |
To disable enhanced editing mode and revert to the editing mode perform the following task in EXEC mode:
| Task | Command |
|---|---|
| 1This command is documented in the LightStream 1010 ATM Switch Command Reference. |
You might want to disable enhanced editing if you have prebuilt scripts; for example, scripts that do not interact well when enhanced editing is enabled. You can reenable enhanced editing mode with the terminal editing command.
After using the setup command or other configuration commands, exit the switch and quit the session.
To end a session, perform the following task:
Posted: Thu Jan 23 21:03:53 PST 2003
All contents are Copyright © 1992--2002 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
Important Notices and Privacy Statement.