glossary

A

AAA

authentication, authorization, and accounting

ALTDGK

alternate directory gatekeeper

AMA

automatic messaging accounting

ANI

automatic number identification

APC

adjacent point code

ARJ

authorization reject

ARP

authorization permit

ASP

application service provider

ARQ

authorization request

B

BHCA

busy hour call attempts

C

CAC

call admission control

CAS

channel-associated signaling

CCITT

Consultative Committee for International Telegraphy and Telephony

CCS

common-channel interoffice signaling

CDR

call detail record

CHAP

Challenge Handshake Authentication Protocol

CIC

Cisco Info Center; carrier identification code

CLI

command line interface

CO

central office

CSR

carier sensitive routing; customer service record

CVM

CiscoWorks2000 Voice Manager

D

DGK

directory gatekeeper

DHCP

Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol

DNIS

dialed number identification service

DPC

destination point code

DRQ

disconnect request

DTE

data termination equipment

E

EIA

Electronic Industry Alliance

EMEA

Europe, Middle East, and Africa

EMS

element management system

EO

end office

ETSI

European Telecommunications Standards Institute

F

FG

feature group

G

GK

gatekeeper

GKRCS

gatekeeper-routed call signaling

GKTMP

GateKeeper Transaction Message Protocol—a Cisco-proprietary protocol that allows third-party applications to influence the operation of the IOS GK

GW

gateway

H

HSRP

Hot Standby Router Protocol—used to ensure GK fault tolerance

I

IMT

intermachine trunk

IPM

Cisco's Internetwork Performance Monitor

ISP

Internet service provider

ISUP

ISDN User Part

ITSP

Internet telephony service provider

ITU

International Telecommunication Union

IVR

interactive voice response

IXC

interexchange carrier—a regulated U.S. Class 4 carrier that is often a wholesale customer

L

LCF

location confirm

LCR

least-cost routing

LEC

local exchange carrier

M

MDO

message definition object

MGC

media gateway controller

MGCP

Media Gateway Control Protocol

MIB

management information base

MML

Man Machine Language

MSU

message signaling unit

MTP

message transfer protocol

N

NAS

network access server (gateway)

NI-2

National ISDN version 2—a BRI circuit

NMS

network management system

NFAS

Non-Facility Associated Signaling

NOA

nature of address

NOC

network operations center

NTP

Network Time Protocol

O

OLO

other licensed operator

OOS

out of service

OPC

origination point code

OSP

Open Settlements Protocol

OSS

operations support system

OPT

Open Packet Telephony

P

PDF

portable document format

PIN

personal identification number

POP

point of presence

PSTN

public switched telephone network

PTT

Post, Telephone, Telegraph—a government-mandated or -operated national telephony carrier

Q

QoS

quality of service

R

R2

A type of CAS used widely in places other than North America

RADIUS

Remote-Authentication Dial-In User Service

RAI

resource availability indicator

RAS

H.225 Registration, Admission, and Status Protocol—spoken between H.323 gateways and their gatekeepers

RCF

request confirm

RLM

redundant link manager

RRJ

request reject

RRQ

registration request

RTP

Realtime Transport Protocol

RTS

real-time server

RTSP

Real-Time Streaming Protocol— for controlling the streaming of RTP packets from a storage source

RUDP

Reliable User Datagram Protocol

S

SAA

service assurance agent

SC

signaling controller—a Cisco SC2200 signaling gateway that converts SS7 to a backhauled NI-2 protocol to gateways

SGCP

Simple Gateway Control Protocol

SLT

signaling link termination—a Cisco 2611 machine capable of terminating SS7 at the MTP2 layer and backhauling MTP3 (and up) to the SC2200 or virtual switch controller (VSC)

SNMP

Simple Network Management Protocol

SS7

Signaling System 7

SSL

secure socket layer

SSP

signaling service point

STC

signaling termination channel

T

TAC

Technical Assistance Center

TCL

Tool Command Language

TDM

time division multiplex

TFTP

Trivial File-Transfer Protocol

TIA

Telecommunications Industry Association

TIPHON

Telecommunications and Internet Protocol Harmonization Over Networks; commonly referred to as ETSI TIPHON (see ETSI)

U

URL

uniform resource locator

UDP

User Datagram Protocol

URQ

unregistration request

V

VSA

vendor-specific attribute—a nonstandard attribute tag used by RADIUS. Cisco has defined many useful VSAs to enhance the gateway CDR format.

VSC

virtual switch controller—one of various Cisco machines capable of providing SS7 signaling conversion, and able to control gateways by means of MGCP; referred to as the SC in this document

VWIC

Voice/WAN interface card

W

WIC

WAN interface card