Appendix C. SQL Key Words

Table C-1 lists all tokens that are key words in the SQL standard and in PostgreSQL 8.2.6. Background information can be found in Section 4.1.1 .

SQL distinguishes between reserved and non-reserved key words. According to the standard, reserved key words are the only real key words; they are never allowed as identifiers. Non-reserved key words only have a special meaning in particular contexts and can be used as identifiers in other contexts. Most non-reserved key words are actually the names of built-in tables and functions specified by SQL. The concept of non-reserved key words essentially only exists to declare that some predefined meaning is attached to a word in some contexts.

In the PostgreSQL parser life is a bit more complicated. There are several different classes of tokens ranging from those that can never be used as an identifier to those that have absolutely no special status in the parser as compared to an ordinary identifier. (The latter is usually the case for functions specified by SQL.) Even reserved key words are not completely reserved in PostgreSQL , but can be used as column labels (for example, SELECT 55 AS CHECK , even though CHECK is a reserved key word).

In Table C-1 in the column for PostgreSQL we classify as "non-reserved" those key words that are explicitly known to the parser but are allowed in most or all contexts where an identifier is expected. Some key words that are otherwise non-reserved cannot be used as function or data type names and are marked accordingly. (Most of these words represent built-in functions or data types with special syntax. The function or type is still available but it cannot be redefined by the user.) Labeled "reserved" are those tokens that are only allowed as "AS" column label names (and perhaps in very few other contexts). Some reserved key words are allowable as names for functions; this is also shown in the table.

As a general rule, if you get spurious parser errors for commands that contain any of the listed key words as an identifier you should try to quote the identifier to see if the problem goes away.

It is important to understand before studying Table C-1 that the fact that a key word is not reserved in PostgreSQL does not mean that the feature related to the word is not implemented. Conversely, the presence of a key word does not indicate the existence of a feature.

Table C-1. SQL Key Words

Key Word PostgreSQL SQL:2003 SQL:1999 SQL-92
A   non-reserved    
ABORT non-reserved      
ABS   reserved non-reserved  
ABSOLUTE non-reserved non-reserved reserved reserved
ACCESS non-reserved      
ACTION non-reserved non-reserved reserved reserved
ADA   non-reserved non-reserved non-reserved
ADD non-reserved non-reserved reserved reserved
ADMIN non-reserved non-reserved reserved  
AFTER non-reserved non-reserved reserved  
AGGREGATE non-reserved   reserved  
ALIAS     reserved  
ALL reserved reserved reserved reserved
ALLOCATE   reserved reserved reserved
ALSO non-reserved      
ALTER non-reserved reserved reserved reserved
ALWAYS   non-reserved    
ANALYSE reserved      
ANALYZE reserved      
AND reserved reserved reserved reserved
ANY reserved reserved reserved reserved
ARE   reserved reserved reserved
ARRAY reserved reserved reserved  
AS reserved reserved reserved reserved
ASC reserved non-reserved reserved reserved
ASENSITIVE   reserved non-reserved  
ASSERTION non-reserved non-reserved reserved reserved
ASSIGNMENT non-reserved non-reserved non-reserved  
ASYMMETRIC reserved reserved non-reserved  
AT non-reserved reserved reserved reserved
ATOMIC   reserved non-reserved  
ATTRIBUTE   non-reserved    
ATTRIBUTES   non-reserved    
AUTHORIZATION reserved (can be function) reserved reserved reserved
AVG   reserved non-reserved reserved
BACKWARD non-reserved      
BEFORE non-reserved non-reserved reserved  
BEGIN non-reserved reserved reserved reserved
BERNOULLI   non-reserved    
BETWEEN reserved (can be function) reserved non-reserved reserved
BIGINT non-reserved (cannot be function or type) reserved    
BINARY reserved (can be function) reserved reserved  
BIT non-reserved (cannot be function or type)   reserved reserved
BITVAR     non-reserved  
BIT_LENGTH     non-reserved reserved
BLOB   reserved reserved  
BOOLEAN non-reserved (cannot be function or type) reserved reserved  
BOTH reserved reserved reserved reserved
BREADTH   non-reserved reserved  
BY non-reserved reserved reserved reserved
C   non-reserved non-reserved non-reserved
CACHE non-reserved      
CALL   reserved reserved  
CALLED non-reserved reserved non-reserved  
CARDINALITY   reserved non-reserved  
CASCADE non-reserved non-reserved reserved reserved
CASCADED non-reserved reserved reserved reserved
CASE reserved reserved reserved reserved
CAST reserved reserved reserved reserved
CATALOG   non-reserved reserved reserved
CATALOG_NAME   non-reserved non-reserved non-reserved
CEIL   reserved    
CEILING   reserved    
CHAIN non-reserved non-reserved non-reserved  
CHAR non-reserved (cannot be function or type) reserved reserved reserved
CHARACTER non-reserved (cannot be function or type) reserved reserved reserved
CHARACTERISTICS non-reserved non-reserved    
CHARACTERS   non-reserved    
CHARACTER_LENGTH   reserved non-reserved reserved
CHARACTER_SET_CATALOG   non-reserved non-reserved non-reserved
CHARACTER_SET_NAME   non-reserved non-reserved non-reserved
CHARACTER_SET_SCHEMA   non-reserved non-reserved non-reserved
CHAR_LENGTH   reserved non-reserved reserved
CHECK reserved reserved reserved reserved
CHECKED     non-reserved  
CHECKPOINT non-reserved      
CLASS non-reserved   reserved  
CLASS_ORIGIN   non-reserved non-reserved non-reserved
CLOB   reserved reserved  
CLOSE non-reserved reserved reserved reserved
CLUSTER non-reserved      
COALESCE non-reserved (cannot be function or type) reserved non-reserved reserved
COBOL   non-reserved non-reserved non-reserved
COLLATE reserved reserved reserved reserved
COLLATION   non-reserved reserved reserved
COLLATION_CATALOG   non-reserved non-reserved non-reserved
COLLATION_NAME   non-reserved non-reserved non-reserved
COLLATION_SCHEMA   non-reserved non-reserved non-reserved
COLLECT   reserved    
COLUMN reserved reserved reserved reserved
COLUMN_NAME   non-reserved non-reserved non-reserved
COMMAND_FUNCTION   non-reserved non-reserved non-reserved
COMMAND_FUNCTION_CODE   non-reserved non-reserved  
COMMENT non-reserved      
COMMIT non-reserved reserved reserved reserved
COMMITTED non-reserved non-reserved non-reserved non-reserved
COMPLETION     reserved  
CONCURRENTLY non-reserved      
CONDITION   reserved    
CONDITION_NUMBER   non-reserved non-reserved non-reserved
CONNECT   reserved reserved reserved
CONNECTION non-reserved non-reserved reserved reserved
CONNECTION_NAME   non-reserved non-reserved non-reserved
CONSTRAINT reserved reserved reserved reserved
CONSTRAINTS non-reserved non-reserved reserved reserved
CONSTRAINT_CATALOG   non-reserved non-reserved non-reserved
CONSTRAINT_NAME   non-reserved non-reserved non-reserved
CONSTRAINT_SCHEMA   non-reserved non-reserved non-reserved
CONSTRUCTOR   non-reserved reserved  
CONTAINS   non-reserved non-reserved  
CONTINUE   non-reserved reserved reserved
CONVERSION non-reserved      
CONVERT non-reserved (cannot be function or type) reserved non-reserved reserved
COPY non-reserved      
CORR   reserved    
CORRESPONDING   reserved reserved reserved
COUNT   reserved non-reserved reserved
COVAR_POP   reserved    
COVAR_SAMP   reserved    
CREATE reserved reserved reserved reserved
CREATEDB non-reserved      
CREATEROLE non-reserved      
CREATEUSER non-reserved      
CROSS reserved (can be function) reserved reserved reserved
CSV non-reserved      
CUBE   reserved reserved  
CUME_DIST   reserved    
CURRENT   reserved reserved reserved
CURRENT_DATE reserved reserved reserved reserved
CURRENT_DEFAULT_TRANSFORM_GROUP   reserved    
CURRENT_PATH   reserved reserved  
CURRENT_ROLE reserved reserved reserved  
CURRENT_TIME reserved reserved reserved reserved
CURRENT_TIMESTAMP reserved reserved reserved reserved
CURRENT_TRANSFORM_GROUP_FOR_TYPE   reserved    
CURRENT_USER reserved reserved reserved reserved
CURSOR non-reserved reserved reserved reserved
CURSOR_NAME   non-reserved non-reserved non-reserved
CYCLE non-reserved reserved reserved  
DATA   non-reserved reserved non-reserved
DATABASE non-reserved      
DATE   reserved reserved reserved
DATETIME_INTERVAL_CODE   non-reserved non-reserved non-reserved
DATETIME_INTERVAL_PRECISION   non-reserved non-reserved non-reserved
DAY non-reserved reserved reserved reserved
DEALLOCATE non-reserved reserved reserved reserved
DEC non-reserved (cannot be function or type) reserved reserved reserved
DECIMAL non-reserved (cannot be function or type) reserved reserved reserved
DECLARE non-reserved reserved reserved reserved
DEFAULT reserved reserved reserved reserved
DEFAULTS non-reserved non-reserved    
DEFERRABLE reserved non-reserved reserved reserved
DEFERRED non-reserved non-reserved reserved reserved
DEFINED   non-reserved non-reserved  
DEFINER non-reserved non-reserved non-reserved  
DEGREE   non-reserved    
DELETE non-reserved reserved reserved reserved
DELIMITER non-reserved      
DELIMITERS non-reserved      
DENSE_RANK   reserved    
DEPTH   non-reserved reserved  
DEREF   reserved reserved  
DERIVED   non-reserved    
DESC reserved non-reserved reserved reserved
DESCRIBE   reserved reserved reserved
DESCRIPTOR   non-reserved reserved reserved
DESTROY     reserved  
DESTRUCTOR     reserved  
DETERMINISTIC   reserved reserved  
DIAGNOSTICS   non-reserved reserved reserved
DICTIONARY     reserved  
DISABLE non-reserved      
DISCONNECT   reserved reserved reserved
DISPATCH   non-reserved non-reserved  
DISTINCT reserved reserved reserved reserved
DO reserved      
DOMAIN non-reserved non-reserved reserved reserved
DOUBLE non-reserved reserved reserved reserved
DROP non-reserved reserved reserved reserved
DYNAMIC   reserved reserved  
DYNAMIC_FUNCTION   non-reserved non-reserved non-reserved
DYNAMIC_FUNCTION_CODE   non-reserved non-reserved  
EACH non-reserved reserved reserved  
ELEMENT   reserved    
ELSE reserved reserved reserved reserved
ENABLE non-reserved      
ENCODING non-reserved      
ENCRYPTED non-reserved      
END reserved reserved reserved reserved
END-EXEC   reserved reserved reserved
EQUALS   non-reserved reserved  
ESCAPE non-reserved reserved reserved reserved
EVERY   reserved reserved  
EXCEPT reserved reserved reserved reserved
EXCEPTION   non-reserved reserved reserved
EXCLUDE   non-reserved    
EXCLUDING non-reserved non-reserved    
EXCLUSIVE non-reserved      
EXEC   reserved reserved reserved
EXECUTE non-reserved reserved reserved reserved
EXISTING     non-reserved  
EXISTS non-reserved (cannot be function or type) reserved non-reserved reserved
EXP   reserved    
EXPLAIN non-reserved      
EXTERNAL non-reserved reserved reserved reserved
EXTRACT non-reserved (cannot be function or type) reserved non-reserved reserved
FALSE reserved reserved reserved reserved
FETCH non-reserved reserved reserved reserved
FILTER   reserved    
FINAL   non-reserved non-reserved  
FIRST non-reserved non-reserved reserved reserved
FLOAT non-reserved (cannot be function or type) reserved reserved reserved
FLOOR   reserved    
FOLLOWING   non-reserved    
FOR reserved reserved reserved reserved
FORCE non-reserved      
FOREIGN reserved reserved reserved reserved
FORTRAN   non-reserved non-reserved non-reserved
FORWARD non-reserved      
FOUND   non-reserved reserved reserved
FREE   reserved reserved  
FREEZE reserved (can be function)      
FROM reserved reserved reserved reserved
FULL reserved (can be function) reserved reserved reserved
FUNCTION non-reserved reserved reserved  
FUSION   reserved    
G   non-reserved non-reserved  
GENERAL   non-reserved reserved  
GENERATED   non-reserved non-reserved  
GET   reserved reserved reserved
GLOBAL non-reserved reserved reserved reserved
GO   non-reserved reserved reserved
GOTO   non-reserved reserved reserved
GRANT reserved reserved reserved reserved
GRANTED non-reserved non-reserved non-reserved  
GREATEST non-reserved (cannot be function or type)      
GROUP reserved reserved reserved reserved
GROUPING   reserved reserved  
HANDLER non-reserved      
HAVING reserved reserved reserved reserved
HEADER non-reserved      
HIERARCHY   non-reserved non-reserved  
HOLD non-reserved reserved non-reserved  
HOST     reserved  
HOUR non-reserved reserved reserved reserved
IDENTITY   reserved reserved reserved
IF non-reserved      
IGNORE     reserved  
ILIKE reserved (can be function)      
IMMEDIATE non-reserved non-reserved reserved reserved
IMMUTABLE non-reserved      
IMPLEMENTATION   non-reserved non-reserved  
IMPLICIT non-reserved      
IN reserved reserved reserved reserved
INCLUDING non-reserved non-reserved    
INCREMENT non-reserved non-reserved    
INDEX non-reserved      
INDEXES non-reserved      
INDICATOR   reserved reserved reserved
INFIX     non-reserved  
INHERIT non-reserved      
INHERITS non-reserved      
INITIALIZE     reserved  
INITIALLY reserved non-reserved reserved reserved
INNER reserved (can be function) reserved reserved reserved
INOUT non-reserved (cannot be function or type) reserved reserved  
INPUT non-reserved non-reserved reserved reserved
INSENSITIVE non-reserved reserved non-reserved reserved
INSERT non-reserved reserved reserved reserved
INSTANCE   non-reserved non-reserved  
INSTANTIABLE   non-reserved non-reserved  
INSTEAD non-reserved      
INT non-reserved (cannot be function or type) reserved reserved reserved
INTEGER non-reserved (cannot be function or type) reserved reserved reserved
INTERSECT reserved reserved reserved reserved
INTERSECTION   reserved    
INTERVAL non-reserved (cannot be function or type) reserved reserved reserved
INTO reserved reserved reserved reserved
INVOKER non-reserved non-reserved non-reserved  
IS reserved (can be function) reserved reserved reserved
ISNULL reserved (can be function)      
ISOLATION non-reserved non-reserved reserved reserved
ITERATE     reserved  
JOIN reserved (can be function) reserved reserved reserved
K   non-reserved non-reserved  
KEY non-reserved non-reserved reserved reserved
KEY_MEMBER   non-reserved non-reserved  
KEY_TYPE   non-reserved non-reserved  
LANCOMPILER non-reserved      
LANGUAGE non-reserved reserved reserved reserved
LARGE non-reserved reserved reserved  
LAST non-reserved non-reserved reserved reserved
LATERAL   reserved reserved  
LEADING reserved reserved reserved reserved
LEAST non-reserved (cannot be function or type)      
LEFT reserved (can be function) reserved reserved reserved
LENGTH   non-reserved non-reserved non-reserved
LESS     reserved  
LEVEL non-reserved non-reserved reserved reserved
LIKE reserved (can be function) reserved reserved reserved
LIMIT reserved   reserved  
LISTEN non-reserved      
LN   reserved    
LOAD non-reserved      
LOCAL non-reserved reserved reserved reserved
LOCALTIME reserved reserved reserved  
LOCALTIMESTAMP reserved reserved reserved  
LOCATION non-reserved      
LOCATOR   non-reserved reserved  
LOCK non-reserved      
LOGIN non-reserved      
LOWER   reserved non-reserved reserved
M   non-reserved non-reserved  
MAP   non-reserved reserved  
MATCH non-reserved reserved reserved reserved
MATCHED   non-reserved    
MAX   reserved non-reserved reserved
MAXVALUE non-reserved non-reserved    
MEMBER   reserved    
MERGE   reserved    
MESSAGE_LENGTH   non-reserved non-reserved non-reserved
MESSAGE_OCTET_LENGTH   non-reserved non-reserved non-reserved
MESSAGE_TEXT   non-reserved non-reserved non-reserved
METHOD   reserved non-reserved  
MIN   reserved non-reserved reserved
MINUTE non-reserved reserved reserved reserved
MINVALUE non-reserved non-reserved    
MOD   reserved non-reserved  
MODE non-reserved      
MODIFIES   reserved reserved  
MODIFY     reserved  
MODULE   reserved reserved reserved
MONTH non-reserved reserved reserved reserved
MORE   non-reserved non-reserved non-reserved
MOVE non-reserved      
MULTISET   reserved    
MUMPS   non-reserved non-reserved non-reserved
NAME   non-reserved non-reserved non-reserved
NAMES non-reserved non-reserved reserved reserved
NATIONAL non-reserved (cannot be function or type) reserved reserved reserved
NATURAL reserved (can be function) reserved reserved reserved
NCHAR non-reserved (cannot be function or type) reserved reserved reserved
NCLOB   reserved reserved  
NESTING   non-reserved    
NEW reserved reserved reserved  
NEXT non-reserved non-reserved reserved reserved
NO non-reserved reserved reserved reserved
NOCREATEDB non-reserved      
NOCREATEROLE non-reserved      
NOCREATEUSER non-reserved      
NOINHERIT non-reserved      
NOLOGIN non-reserved      
NONE non-reserved (cannot be function or type) reserved reserved  
NORMALIZE   reserved    
NORMALIZED   non-reserved    
NOSUPERUSER non-reserved      
NOT reserved reserved reserved reserved
NOTHING non-reserved      
NOTIFY non-reserved      
NOTNULL reserved (can be function)      
NOWAIT non-reserved      
NULL reserved reserved reserved reserved
NULLABLE   non-reserved non-reserved non-reserved
NULLIF non-reserved (cannot be function or type) reserved non-reserved reserved
NULLS   non-reserved    
NUMBER   non-reserved non-reserved non-reserved
NUMERIC non-reserved (cannot be function or type) reserved reserved reserved
OBJECT non-reserved non-reserved reserved  
OCTETS   non-reserved    
OCTET_LENGTH   reserved non-reserved reserved
OF non-reserved reserved reserved reserved
OFF reserved   reserved  
OFFSET reserved      
OIDS non-reserved      
OLD reserved reserved reserved  
ON reserved reserved reserved reserved
ONLY reserved reserved reserved reserved
OPEN   reserved reserved reserved
OPERATION     reserved  
OPERATOR non-reserved      
OPTION non-reserved non-reserved reserved reserved
OPTIONS   non-reserved non-reserved  
OR reserved reserved reserved reserved
ORDER reserved reserved reserved reserved
ORDERING   non-reserved    
ORDINALITY   non-reserved reserved  
OTHERS   non-reserved    
OUT non-reserved (cannot be function or type) reserved reserved  
OUTER reserved (can be function) reserved reserved reserved
OUTPUT   non-reserved reserved reserved
OVER   reserved    
OVERLAPS reserved (can be function) reserved non-reserved reserved
OVERLAY non-reserved (cannot be function or type) reserved non-reserved  
OVERRIDING   non-reserved non-reserved  
OWNED non-reserved      
OWNER non-reserved      
PAD   non-reserved reserved reserved
PARAMETER   reserved reserved  
PARAMETERS     reserved  
PARAMETER_MODE   non-reserved non-reserved  
PARAMETER_NAME   non-reserved non-reserved  
PARAMETER_ORDINAL_POSITION   non-reserved non-reserved  
PARAMETER_SPECIFIC_CATALOG   non-reserved non-reserved  
PARAMETER_SPECIFIC_NAME   non-reserved non-reserved  
PARAMETER_SPECIFIC_SCHEMA   non-reserved non-reserved  
PARTIAL non-reserved non-reserved reserved reserved
PARTITION   reserved    
PASCAL   non-reserved non-reserved non-reserved
PASSWORD non-reserved      
PATH   non-reserved reserved  
PERCENTILE_CONT   reserved    
PERCENTILE_DISC   reserved    
PERCENT_RANK   reserved    
PLACING reserved non-reserved    
PLI   non-reserved non-reserved non-reserved
POSITION non-reserved (cannot be function or type) reserved non-reserved reserved
POSTFIX     reserved  
POWER   reserved    
PRECEDING   non-reserved    
PRECISION non-reserved (cannot be function or type) reserved reserved reserved
PREFIX     reserved  
PREORDER     reserved  
PREPARE non-reserved reserved reserved reserved
PREPARED non-reserved      
PRESERVE non-reserved non-reserved reserved reserved
PRIMARY reserved reserved reserved reserved
PRIOR non-reserved non-reserved reserved reserved
PRIVILEGES non-reserved non-reserved reserved reserved
PROCEDURAL non-reserved      
PROCEDURE non-reserved reserved reserved reserved
PUBLIC   non-reserved reserved reserved
QUOTE non-reserved      
RANGE   reserved    
RANK   reserved    
READ non-reserved non-reserved reserved reserved
READS   reserved reserved  
REAL non-reserved (cannot be function or type) reserved reserved reserved
REASSIGN non-reserved      
RECHECK non-reserved      
RECURSIVE   reserved reserved  
REF   reserved reserved  
REFERENCES reserved reserved reserved reserved
REFERENCING   reserved reserved  
REGR_AVGX   reserved    
REGR_AVGY   reserved    
REGR_COUNT   reserved    
REGR_INTERCEPT   reserved    
REGR_R2   reserved    
REGR_SLOPE   reserved    
REGR_SXX   reserved    
REGR_SXY   reserved    
REGR_SYY   reserved    
REINDEX non-reserved      
RELATIVE non-reserved non-reserved reserved reserved
RELEASE non-reserved reserved    
RENAME non-reserved      
REPEATABLE non-reserved non-reserved non-reserved non-reserved
REPLACE non-reserved      
RESET non-reserved      
RESTART non-reserved non-reserved    
RESTRICT non-reserved non-reserved reserved reserved
RESULT   reserved reserved  
RETURN   reserved reserved  
RETURNED_CARDINALITY   non-reserved    
RETURNED_LENGTH   non-reserved non-reserved non-reserved
RETURNED_OCTET_LENGTH   non-reserved non-reserved non-reserved
RETURNED_SQLSTATE   non-reserved non-reserved non-reserved
RETURNING reserved      
RETURNS non-reserved reserved reserved  
REVOKE non-reserved reserved reserved reserved
RIGHT reserved (can be function) reserved reserved reserved
ROLE non-reserved non-reserved reserved  
ROLLBACK non-reserved reserved reserved reserved
ROLLUP   reserved reserved  
ROUTINE   non-reserved reserved  
ROUTINE_CATALOG   non-reserved non-reserved  
ROUTINE_NAME   non-reserved non-reserved  
ROUTINE_SCHEMA   non-reserved non-reserved  
ROW non-reserved (cannot be function or type) reserved reserved  
ROWS non-reserved reserved reserved reserved
ROW_COUNT   non-reserved non-reserved non-reserved
ROW_NUMBER   reserved    
RULE non-reserved      
SAVEPOINT non-reserved reserved reserved  
SCALE   non-reserved non-reserved non-reserved
SCHEMA non-reserved non-reserved reserved reserved
SCHEMA_NAME   non-reserved non-reserved non-reserved
SCOPE   reserved reserved  
SCOPE_CATALOG   non-reserved    
SCOPE_NAME   non-reserved    
SCOPE_SCHEMA   non-reserved    
SCROLL non-reserved reserved reserved reserved
SEARCH   reserved reserved  
SECOND non-reserved reserved reserved reserved
SECTION   non-reserved reserved reserved
SECURITY non-reserved non-reserved non-reserved  
SELECT reserved reserved reserved reserved
SELF   non-reserved non-reserved  
SENSITIVE   reserved non-reserved  
SEQUENCE non-reserved non-reserved reserved  
SERIALIZABLE non-reserved non-reserved non-reserved non-reserved
SERVER_NAME   non-reserved non-reserved non-reserved
SESSION non-reserved non-reserved reserved reserved
SESSION_USER reserved reserved reserved reserved
SET non-reserved reserved reserved reserved
SETOF non-reserved (cannot be function or type)      
SETS   non-reserved reserved  
SHARE non-reserved      
SHOW non-reserved      
SIMILAR reserved (can be function) reserved non-reserved  
SIMPLE non-reserved non-reserved non-reserved  
SIZE   non-reserved reserved reserved
SMALLINT non-reserved (cannot be function or type) reserved reserved reserved
SOME reserved reserved reserved reserved
SOURCE   non-reserved non-reserved  
SPACE   non-reserved reserved reserved
SPECIFIC   reserved reserved  
SPECIFICTYPE   reserved reserved  
SPECIFIC_NAME   non-reserved non-reserved  
SQL   reserved reserved reserved
SQLCODE       reserved
SQLERROR       reserved
SQLEXCEPTION   reserved reserved  
SQLSTATE   reserved reserved reserved
SQLWARNING   reserved reserved  
SQRT   reserved    
STABLE non-reserved      
START non-reserved reserved reserved  
STATE   non-reserved reserved  
STATEMENT non-reserved non-reserved reserved  
STATIC   reserved reserved  
STATISTICS non-reserved      
STDDEV_POP   reserved    
STDDEV_SAMP   reserved    
STDIN non-reserved      
STDOUT non-reserved      
STORAGE non-reserved      
STRICT non-reserved      
STRUCTURE   non-reserved reserved  
STYLE   non-reserved non-reserved  
SUBCLASS_ORIGIN   non-reserved non-reserved non-reserved
SUBLIST     non-reserved  
SUBMULTISET   reserved    
SUBSTRING non-reserved (cannot be function or type) reserved non-reserved reserved
SUM   reserved non-reserved reserved
SUPERUSER non-reserved      
SYMMETRIC reserved reserved non-reserved  
SYSID non-reserved      
SYSTEM non-reserved reserved non-reserved  
SYSTEM_USER   reserved reserved reserved
TABLE reserved reserved reserved reserved
TABLESAMPLE   reserved    
TABLESPACE non-reserved      
TABLE_NAME   non-reserved non-reserved non-reserved
TEMP non-reserved      
TEMPLATE non-reserved      
TEMPORARY non-reserved non-reserved reserved reserved
TERMINATE     reserved  
THAN     reserved  
THEN reserved reserved reserved reserved
TIES   non-reserved    
TIME non-reserved (cannot be function or type) reserved reserved reserved
TIMESTAMP non-reserved (cannot be function or type) reserved reserved reserved
TIMEZONE_HOUR   reserved reserved reserved
TIMEZONE_MINUTE   reserved reserved reserved
TO reserved reserved reserved reserved
TOP_LEVEL_COUNT   non-reserved    
TRAILING reserved reserved reserved reserved
TRANSACTION non-reserved non-reserved reserved reserved
TRANSACTIONS_COMMITTED   non-reserved non-reserved  
TRANSACTIONS_ROLLED_BACK   non-reserved non-reserved  
TRANSACTION_ACTIVE   non-reserved non-reserved  
TRANSFORM   non-reserved non-reserved  
TRANSFORMS   non-reserved non-reserved  
TRANSLATE   reserved non-reserved reserved
TRANSLATION   reserved reserved reserved
TREAT non-reserved (cannot be function or type) reserved reserved  
TRIGGER non-reserved reserved reserved  
TRIGGER_CATALOG   non-reserved non-reserved  
TRIGGER_NAME   non-reserved non-reserved  
TRIGGER_SCHEMA   non-reserved non-reserved  
TRIM non-reserved (cannot be function or type) reserved non-reserved reserved
TRUE reserved reserved reserved reserved
TRUNCATE non-reserved      
TRUSTED non-reserved      
TYPE non-reserved non-reserved non-reserved non-reserved
UESCAPE   reserved    
UNBOUNDED   non-reserved    
UNCOMMITTED non-reserved non-reserved non-reserved non-reserved
UNDER   non-reserved reserved  
UNENCRYPTED non-reserved      
UNION reserved reserved reserved reserved
UNIQUE reserved reserved reserved reserved
UNKNOWN non-reserved reserved reserved reserved
UNLISTEN non-reserved      
UNNAMED   non-reserved non-reserved non-reserved
UNNEST   reserved reserved  
UNTIL non-reserved      
UPDATE non-reserved reserved reserved reserved
UPPER   reserved non-reserved reserved
USAGE   non-reserved reserved reserved
USER reserved reserved reserved reserved
USER_DEFINED_TYPE_CATALOG   non-reserved non-reserved  
USER_DEFINED_TYPE_CODE   non-reserved    
USER_DEFINED_TYPE_NAME   non-reserved non-reserved  
USER_DEFINED_TYPE_SCHEMA   non-reserved non-reserved  
USING reserved reserved reserved reserved
VACUUM non-reserved      
VALID non-reserved      
VALIDATOR non-reserved      
VALUE   reserved reserved reserved
VALUES non-reserved (cannot be function or type) reserved reserved reserved
VARCHAR non-reserved (cannot be function or type) reserved reserved reserved
VARIABLE     reserved  
VARYING non-reserved reserved reserved reserved
VAR_POP   reserved    
VAR_SAMP   reserved    
VERBOSE reserved (can be function)      
VIEW non-reserved non-reserved reserved reserved
VOLATILE non-reserved      
WHEN reserved reserved reserved reserved
WHENEVER   reserved reserved reserved
WHERE reserved reserved reserved reserved
WIDTH_BUCKET   reserved    
WINDOW   reserved    
WITH non-reserved reserved reserved reserved
WITHIN   reserved    
WITHOUT non-reserved reserved reserved  
WORK non-reserved non-reserved reserved reserved
WRITE non-reserved non-reserved reserved reserved
YEAR non-reserved   reserved reserved
ZONE non-reserved non-reserved reserved reserved