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NAMEdate — display or set the date and time SYNOPSISdate
[-u] date
[-u]
+format date
[-u]
[mmddhhmm[[cc]yy]] date
[-a
[-]sss
[.
fff]] DESCRIPTIONThe
date
command displays or sets the current HP-UX system clock date and time.
Since the HP-UX system operates in Coordinated Universal Time (UTC),
date
automatically converts to and from local standard or daylight/summer time,
based on your
TZ
environment variable.
See
Environment Variables
in
EXTERNAL INFLUENCES
below.
Optionsdate
recognizes the following option:
- -u
Input and output values in Coordinated Universal Time (UTC),
functionally equivalent to Greenwich Mean Time (GMT),
instead of in local time. - -a [-]sss[.fff]
Slowly adjust the time by
sss.fff
seconds
(fff
represents fractions
of a second). This adjustment can be positive or negative. The
system's clock will be sped up or slowed down until it has drifted
by the number of seconds specified.
FormatsThe
date
command has two forms for displaying the date and time
and one form for setting them.
- date [-u]
Display the current date and time.
The output is the same as for the
%c
formatting directive for all languages except the
C
default language.
See
Formatting Directives
and
EXAMPLES
below. - date [-u] +format
Display the current date and time
according to formatting directives specified in
format,
which is a string of zero or more formatting directives and ordinary characters.
If it contains blanks, enclose it in apostrophes or quotation marks. See
Formatting Directives
below. All ordinary characters are copied unchanged into the output string. The output string is always terminated with a newline character. If
+
is specified and
format
is omitted, only a newline is output. - date [-u] [mmddhhmm[[cc]yy]]
Set the HP-UX system clock to the date and time specified.
You require the
superuser privilege. If you include the
-u
option, the specified date and time
is assumed to be in Coordinated Universal Time (UTC). The numeric argument is interpreted left to right in two-digit pairs
as follows:
- mm
Month number
[01-12]. - dd
Day number in the month
[01-31]. - hh
Hour number (24-hour system)
[00-23]. - mm
Minute number
[00-59]. - cc
Century minus one
[19-20]. - yy
Last two digits of the year number
[70-99,
00-37 (1970-1999, 2000-2037)].
If omitted, the current year is used.
If you attempt to set the date backwards,
date
generates the warning,
do you really want to run time backwards?[yes/no] Type
yes
or the equivalent for your locale
to set the clock backwards;
anything else to cancel the command. When
date
is used to set the date, a pair of date change records is
written to the file
/var/adm/wtmps. (UNIX Standard only, see
standards(5).)
No warning is generated if date is set backwards.
Formatting DirectivesThe following formatting directives,
shown without the optional field width and precision specification,
are replaced by the indicated characters.
If a directive is not one of the following, the result is undefined. The output for digits, characters, and words depends
on the language/locale settings.
See
Environment Variables
in
EXTERNAL INFLUENCES
below. The examples assume that the
date
command was executed on
Wednesday, January 12, 1994 at 7:45:58 p.m. Pacific Standard Time,
using the
C
default language.
- %a
Abbreviated weekday name.
For example,
Wed. - %A
Full weekday name.
For example,
Wednesday. - %b
Abbreviated month name.
For example,
Jan. - %B
Full month name.
For example,
January. - %c
Current date and time representation.
For example,
Wed Jan 12 19:45:58 1994. - %C
Century (the year divided by 100 and truncated to an integer)
as a two-digit decimal number
[00-99].
For example,
19. - %d
Day of the month as a two-digit decimal number
[01-31].
For example,
12. - %e
Day of the month as a two-character decimal number with leading space fill [" 1"-
"31"
].
For example,
12. - %E
Combined Emperor/Era name and year.
- %H
Hour (24-hour clock) as a two-digit decimal number
[00-23].
For example,
19. - %I
Hour (12-hour clock) as a two-digit decimal number
[01-12].
For example,
07. - %j
Day of the year as a three-digit decimal number
[001-366].
For example,
012. - %m
Month as a decimal two-digit number
[01-12].
For example,
01. - %M
Minute as a decimal two-digit number
[00-59].
For example,
45. - %n
Newline character. - %N
Emperor/Era name.
- %o
Emperor/Era year.
- %p
Equivalent of either AM or PM.
For example,
PM. - %R
Time as %H:%M - %S
Second as a two-digit decimal number (allows for possible leap seconds)
[00-61].
For example,
58. - %t
Tab character. - %u
Weekday as a one-digit decimal number
[1-7 (Monday-Sunday)].
For example,
3. - %U
Week number of the year
(Sunday as the first day of the week)
as a two-digit decimal number
[00-53].
All days that precede the first Sunday in the year
are considered to be in week
00.
For example,
02. - %V
Week number of the year
(Monday as the first day of the week)
as a two-digit decimal number
[01-53].
If the week containing January 1 has four or more days in the new year
(January 1 is Thursday or sooner),
it is designated as week
01;
otherwise,
(January 1 is Friday or later),
it is designated as the last week of the previous year,
and the next week is week
01.
For example,
02. - %w
Weekday as a one-digit decimal number
[0-6 (Sunday-Saturday)].
For example,
3. - %W
Week number of the year (Monday as the first day of the week)
as a two-digit decimal number
[00-53].
All days that precede the first Monday in the year
are considered to be in week
00.
For example,
02. - %x
Current date representation.
For example,
01/12/94. - %X
Current time representation.
For example,
19:45:58. - %y
Year without century as a two-digit decimal number
[00-99].
For example,
93. - %Y
Year with century as a four-digit decimal number
[1970-2037].
For example,
1994. - %Z
Time zone name
(or no characters if time zone cannot be determined).
For example,
PST. - %%
The
%
character.
Obsolescent DirectivesThe following directives are provided for backward compatibility.
It is recommended that the preceding directives be used instead.
- %D
Date in usual U.S. format.
For example,
01/12/94.
Use
%x
or
%m/%d/%y
instead. - %F
Full month name.
For example,
January.
Use
%B
instead. - %h
Abbreviated month name.
For example,
Jan.
Use
%b
instead. - %r
Time in 12-hour U.S. format.
For example,
07:45:58 PM.
Use
"%I:%M:%S %p"
instead. - %T
Time in 24-hour U.S. format.
For example,
19:45:58.
Use
%X
or
%H:%M:%S
instead. - %z
Time zone name
(or no characters if time zone cannot be determined).
For example,
PST.
Use
%Z
instead.
Modified Formatting DirectivesSome Formatting Directives can be modified by the
E
and
O
modifier characters to indicate a different format or specification
for the language specified in the
LC_TIME
environment variable. If the corresponding keyword
(era,
era_year,
era_d_fmt,
and
alt_digit)
is not specified or not supported,
the unmodified field descriptor value is used.
The command
LC_ALL=language locale -ck era era_year era_d_fmt alt_digit displays the keywords and their values in the specified
language
(see
locale(1)).
- %Ec
Alternate appropriate date and time representation. - %EC
The name of the base year in alternate representation. - %Ex
Alternate date representation. - %Ey
Offset from
%EC
(year only) in the alternate representation. - %EY
Full alternate year representation. - %Od
Day of month using the alternate numeric symbols. - %Oe
Day of month using the alternate numeric symbols
with leading space-character fill if applicable. - %OH
Hour (24-hour clock) using the alternate numeric symbols. - %OI
Hour (12-hour clock) using the alternate numeric symbols. - %Om
Month using the alternate numeric symbols. - %OM
Minutes using the alternate numeric symbols. - %OS
Seconds using the alternate numeric symbols. - %OU
Week number of the year
(Sunday is the first day of the week)
using the alternate numeric symbols. - %Ow
Weekday as number using the alternate numeric symbols
(Sunday=0). - %OW
Weekday number of the year
(Monday is the first day of the week)
using the alternate numeric symbols. - %Oy
Year (offset from
%C)
in alternate representation.
Field Width and PrecisionAn optional field width and precision specification can immediately
follow the initial
%
of a formatting directive in the following order:
- [-|0]width
The decimal digit string
width
specifies a
minimum
field width in which the result of the conversion
is right- or left-justified.
The default is right-justified with space padding on the left.
If the string starts with "-
", the result is left-justified with space padding on the right.
If the string starts with "0
", the result is right-justified and padded with zeros on the left. - .prec
The decimal digit string
prec
specifies the
minimum
number of digits to appear for the
d,
H,
I,
j,
m,
M,
o,
S,
U,
w,
W,
y,
and
Y
numeric directives.
If a directive supplies fewer digits than specified by the precision,
it will be expanded with leading zeros. prec
specifies the
maximum
number of characters to be used from the
a,
A,
b,
B,
c,
D,
E,
F,
h,
n,
N,
p,
r,
t,
T,
x,
X,
z,
Z,
and
%
text directives.
If a directive supplies more characters than specified by the precision,
excess characters are truncated on the right.
If no field width or precision is specified for a
d,
H,
I,
m,
M,
S,
U,
W,
or
y
directive,
the default is
.2;
for the
j
directive,
the default is
.3;
for
Y,
the default is
.4;
for
w,
the default is
.1.
EXTERNAL INFLUENCESFor information about the UNIX Standard environment, see
standards(5). Environment VariablesLC_CTYPE
determines the interpretation of the bytes within the
format
string as single- and/or multi-byte characters. LC_NUMERIC
determines the characters used to form numbers for those
directives that produce numbers in the output.
The characters used are those defined by
alt_digit
(see
locale(1)
and
ALT_DIGIT
in
langinfo(5)). LC_TIME
determines the content
(for example, the weekday names produced by the
%a
directive)
and format
(for example, the current time representation produced by the
%X
directive)
of date and time strings output by the
date
command. LC_MESSAGES
determines the language in which messages
(other than the date and time strings) are displayed. If
LC_CTYPE,
LC_NUMERIC,
LC_TIME,
or
LC_MESSAGES
is not specified or is null, it defaults to the value of
LANG. If
LANG
is not specified or is null, it defaults to
C
(see
lang(5)). If any internationalization variable contains an invalid setting,
all internationalization variables default to
C
(see
environ(5)). TZ
determines the conversion between the system time in UTC
and the time in the user's local time zone.
See
environ(5)
and
tztab(4).
TZ
also determines the content (that is, the time-zone name produced by the
%z
and
%Z
directives) of date and time strings output by the
date
command. If
TZ
is not set or is set to the empty string,
its default value is
EST5EDT.
If the
EST5EDT
or the
TZ
value cannot be read from the time zone adjustment table
tztab,
then
date
returns the time in
UTC.
International Code Set SupportSingle and multibyte character code sets are supported.
DIAGNOSTICSThe following messages may be displayed.
- bad conversion
The date/time specification is syntactically incorrect.
Check it against the usage and for the correct range of each
of the digit-pairs. - bad format character - c
The character
c
is not a valid format directive, field width specifier, or precision specifier. - do you really want to run time backwards?[yes/no]
The date/time you specified is earlier than the current clock value.
Type
yes
(or the equivalent for your locale)
to set the clock backwards;
anything else to cancel the command. - no permission
You need the
superuser privilege
to change the date.
EXAMPLESDate in Different LanguagesDisplay the date.
In this example, the
TZ
environment variable contains
PST8PDT,
and the language environment variables are set as noted.
date → Fri Aug 20 15:03:37 PDT 1993 ← C (default)
date -u → Fri Aug 20 22:03:37 UTC 1993 ← C (default)
date → Fri, Aug 20, 1993 03:03:37 PM ← en_US.roman8 (U.S. English)
date → Fri. 20 Aug, 1993 03:03:37 PM ← en_GB.roman8 (U.K. English)
date → 20/08/1993 15.47.47 ← pt_PT.roman8 (Portuguese) Set DateSet the date to Oct 8, 12:45 a.m.
Display Formatted DateDisplay the current date and time using a format.
Note the use of quotation marks due to the blanks in the format.
date "+DATE: %m/%d/%y%nTIME: %H:%M:%S" The output resembles the following:
DATE: 10/08/87
TIME: 12:45:05 Display Formatted Date Using Local Language ConversionWith the date as set in the "Set Date" example above and
LC_TIME
set to
de_De.roman8
(German):
date +'%-4.4h %2.1d %H:%M' generates output similar to:
where the month field is four characters long, flush-left, and
space-padded on the right if the month name is shorter than
four characters.
The day field is two characters long, with leading
zeros suppressed. WARNINGSThe former HP-UX format directive
A
has been changed to
W
for ANSI compatibility. Changing the date while the system is running in multiuser mode
should be avoided to prevent disrupting
user-scheduled and time sensitive programs and processes.
Also, changing the date can cause
make
and the SCCS and
cron
subsystems to behave in an unexpected manner.
The
cron
daemon should be killed prior to setting the date backwards,
then restarted.
SCCS files should be checked with the
val
command (see
val(1))
if deltas have been made while the clock was wrongly set. The following formatting directives may be deleted from future releases:
%E,
%F,
%o,
%z. Currently, the maximum date supported is December 31, 2037 23:59:00 UTC.
AUTHORdate
was developed by AT&T and HP. STANDARDS CONFORMANCEdate: SVID2, SVID3, XPG2, XPG3, XPG4, POSIX.2 |
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