!

Begin a history substitution.

!!

Previous command.

!N

Command number N in history list.

!-N

Nth command back from current command.

!string

Most recent command that starts with string.

!?string?

Most recent command that contains string.

!?string?%

Most recent command argument that contains string.

!$

Last argument of previous command.

!!string

Previous command, then append string.

!N string

Command N, then append string.

!{s1}s2

Most recent command starting with string s1, then append string s2.

^old^new^

Quick substitution; change string old to new in previous command, and execute modified command.

4

^00^0

vi cprogs/01.c ch02 ch03

5

nroff !*

nroff cprogs/01.c ch02 ch03

6

nroff !$

nroff ch03

7

!vi

vi cprogs/01.c ch02 ch03

8

!6

nroff ch03

9

!?01

vi cprogs/01.c ch02 ch03

10

!{nr}.new

nroff ch03.new

11

!!|lp

nroff ch03.new | lp

12

more !?pr?%

more cprogs/01.c

:0

Command name

:n

Argument number n

^

First argument

$

Last argument

:n-m

Arguments n through m

-m

Words 0 through m; same as :0-m

:n-

Arguments n through next-to-last

:n*

Arguments n through last; same as n-$

*

All arguments; same as ^-$ or 1-$

#

Current command line up to this point; fairly useless

14

ls !13^

ls ch01

15

sort !13:*

sort ch01 ch02 ch03 biblio back

16

lp !cat:3*

more ch03 biblio back

17

!cat:0-3

cat ch01 ch02 ch03

18

vi !-5:4

vi biblio

19

!17:s/ch/CH/

cat CH01 ch02 ch03

20

!17g&

cat CH01 CH02 CH03

21

!more:p

more cprogs/01.c (displayed only)

22

cd !$:h

cd cprogs

23

vi !mo:$:t

vi 01.c

24

grep stdio !$

grep stdio 01.c

25

^stdio^include stdio^:q

grep "include stdio" 01.c

26

nroff !21:t:p

nroff 01.c (is that what I wanted?)

27

!!

nroff 01.c (execute it)