7.8. Making Directories Made EasierEarlier we told you that you should have lots of directories. Experienced Unix users are creating new directories all the time. How do you make a directory? It's easy. Use the mkdir command, followed by the name of your new directory: % mkdir directory This creates the new directory you want. It doesn't necessarily have to be in your current directory. For example: % cd /home/los/mikel % mkdir /src/books/power/articles/files The only requirements are:
What if the parent directory doesn't already exist? Assume, for example, that /src/books already exists, but the power and articles directories do not. You can make these "by hand," or on many Unix systems you can add the -p (parents) option: % mkdir -p /src/books/power/articles/files This tells mkdir to create all the intermediate directories that are needed. So the previous command creates three directories: /src/books/power /src/books/power/articles /src/books/power/articles/files If your mkdir doesn't have -p, you can use history substitution : % mkdir /src/books/power % !!/articles mkdir /src/books/power/articles % !!/files mkdir /src/books/power/articles/files On some mkdirs, you can also supply the file protection mode to be assigned to the directory. (By default, the file protection mode is derived from your umask.) To do so, use the -m option. For example: % mkdir -m 755 /src/books/power/articles/files This creates the directory with access mode 755, which allows the owner to do anything with the directory. Note that this must be a numeric mode. -- ML Copyright © 2003 O'Reilly & Associates. All rights reserved. |
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