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12.7 Escape Sequences

Sequence Effect
\\ Prevent or delay the interpretation of \.
\e

Printable version of the current escape character (usually \ ).

\'

´ (acute accent); equivalent to \(aa .

\`

` (grave accent); equivalent to \(ga .

\- - (minus sign in the current font).
\. Period (dot).
\ space

Unpaddable space-size space character.

\ newline Concealed (ignored) newline.
\0 Digit-width space.
\|

1/6-em narrow space character (zero width in nroff ).

\^

1/12-em half-narrow space character (zero width in nroff ).

\&

Nonprinting, zero-width character.

\! Transparent line indicator.
\" Beginning of comment.
\$ n Interpolate macro argument 1 <= n <= 9.
\%

Default optional hyphenation character.

\( xx

Character named xx . See the later section "Special Characters."

\* x or \*( xx Interpolate string x or xx .
\a Noninterpreted leader character.
\b' abc ...' Bracket-building function.
\c Make next line continuous with current.
\C' abcd '

Character named abcd (ditroff only).

\d

Forward (down) 1/2-em vertical motion (1/2 line in nroff ).

\D'l x , y '

Draw a line from current position by deltas x,y (ditroff only).

\D'c d '

Draw circle of diameter d with left edge at current position (ditroff only).

\D'e d1 d2 '

Draw ellipse with horizontal diameter d1 and vertical diameter d2 , with left edge at current position (ditroff only).

\D'a x1 y1 x2 y2 '

Draw arc counterclockwise from current position, with center at x1,y1 and endpoint at x1+x2,y1+y2 (ditroff only).

\D'~ x1 y1 x2 y2 ...'

Draw spline from current position through the specified coordinates (ditroff only).

\f x or \f( xx or \f n

Change to font named x or xx or to position n . If x is P , return to the previous font.

\g x or \g( xx

Format of number register x or xx , suitable for use with .af

\h' n '

Local horizontal motion; move right n or, if n is negative, move left.

\H' n'

Set character height to n points, without changing width (ditroff only).

\k x

Mark horizontal input place in register x .

\l' nc '

Draw horizontal line of length n (optionally with c ).

\L' nc '

Draw vertical line of length n (optionally with c ).

\n x , \n( xx

Interpolate number register x or xx .

\n+ x , \n+( xx

Interpolate number register x or xx , applying auto-increment.

\n- x , \n-( xx

Interpolate number register x or xx , applying auto-decrement.

\N' n '

Character number n in the current font (ditroff only).

\o' abc ...'

Overstrike characters a , b , c ...

\p Break and spread output line.
\r

Reverse 1-em vertical motion (reverse line in nroff ).

\s n , \s± n

Change point size to n or increment by n . For example, \s0 returns to previous point size.

\s( nn , \s±( nn

Just like \s , but allow unambiguous two-character point sizes (recent ditroff only).

\S' n '

Slant output n degrees to the right. Negative values slant to the left. A value of zero turns off slanting (ditroff only).

\t

Noninterpreted horizontal tab.

\u

Reverse (up) 1/2-em vertical motion (1/2 line in nroff ).

\v' n '

Local vertical motion; move down n , or, if n is negative, move up.

\w' string '

Interpolate width of string .

\x' n '

Extra line-space function (n negative provides space before, n positive provides after).

\X' text '

Output text as a device control function (ditroff only).

\z c

Print c with zero width (without spacing).

\{ Begin multiline conditional input.
\} End multiline conditional input.
\ x x , any character not listed above.


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