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UNIX in a Nutshell: System V Edition

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A. ASCII Character Set

This appendix presents the set of ASCII characters, along with their equivalent values in decimal, octal, and hexadecimal. The first table shows nonprinting characters; it's useful when you need to represent nonprinting characters in some printed form, such as octal. For example, the echo and tr commands let you specify characters using octal values of the form \nnn . Also, the od command can display nonprinting characters in a variety of forms.

The second table shows printing characters. This table is useful when using the previous commands, but also when specifying a range of characters in a pattern-matching construct.


Table A.1: Nonprinting Characters
Decimal Octal Hex Character Remark
0 000 00 CTRL-@ NUL (Null prompt)
1 001 01 CTRL-A SOH (Start of heading)
2 002 02 CTRL-B STX (Start of text)
3 003 03 CTRL-C ETX (End of text)
4 004 04 CTRL-D EOT (End of transmission)
5 005 05 CTRL-E ENQ (Enquiry)
6 006 06 CTRL-F ACK (Acknowledge)
7 007 07 CTRL-G BEL (Bell)
8 010 08 CTRL-H BS (Backspace)
9 011 09 CTRL-I HT (Horizontal tab)
10 012 0A CTRL-J LF (Linefeed)
11 013 0B CTRL-K VT (Vertical tab)
12 014 0C CTRL-L FF (Formfeed)
13 015 0D CTRL-M CR (Carriage return)
14 016 0E CTRL-N SO (Shift out)
15 017 0F CTRL-O SI (Shift in)
16 020 10 CTRL-P DLE (Data link escape)
17 021 11 CTRL-Q DC1 (XON)
18 022 12 CTRL-R DC2
19 023 13 CTRL-S DC3 (XOFF)
20 024 14 CTRL-T DC4
21 025 15 CTRL-U NAK (Negative acknowledge)
22 026 16 CTRL-V SYN (Synchronous idle)
23 027 17 CTRL-W ETB (End transmission blocks)
24 030 18 CTRL-X CAN (Cancel)
25 031 19 CTRL-Y EM (End of medium)
26 032 1A CTRL-Z SUB (Substitute)
27 033 1B CTRL-[ ESC (Escape)
28 034 1C CTRL-\ FS (File separator)
29 035 1D CTRL-] GS (Group separator)
30 036 1E CTRL-^ RS (Record separator)
31 037 1F CTRL-_ US (Unit separator)
127 177 7F   DEL (Delete or rubout)

Table A.2: Printing Characters
Decimal Octal Hex Character Remark
32 040 20   Space
33 041 21 ! Exclamation point
34 042 22 " Double quote
35 043 23 # Pound sign
36 044 24 $ Dollar sign
37 045 25 % Percent sign
38 046 26 & Ampersand
39 047 27 ' Apostrophe
40 050 28 ( Left parenthesis
41 051 29 ) Right parenthesis
42 052 2A * Asterisk
43 053 2B + Plus sign
44 054 2C , Comma
45 055 2D - Hyphen
46 056 2E . Period
47 057 2F / Slash
48 060 30 0  
49 061 31 1  
50 062 32 2  
51 063 33 3  
52 064 34 4  
53 065 35 5  
54 066 36 6  
55 067 37 7  
56 070 38 8  
57 071 39 9  
58 072 3A : Colon
59 073 3B ; Semicolon
60 074 3C < Left angle bracket
61 075 3D = Equal sign
62 076 3E > Right angle bracket
63 077 3F ? Question mark
64 100 40 @ At sign
65 101 41 A  
66 102 42 B  
67 103 43 C  
68 104 44 D  
69 105 45 E  
70 106 46 F  
71 107 47 G  
72 110 48 H  
73 111 49 I  
74 112 4A J  
75 113 4B K  
76 114 4C L  
77 115 4D M  
78 116 4E N  
79 117 4F O  
80 120 50 P  
81 121 51 Q  
82 122 52 R  
83 123 53 S  
84 124 54 T  
85 125 55 U  
86 126 56 V  
87 127 57 W  
88 130 58 X  
89 131 59 Y  
90 132 5A Z  
91 133 5B [ Left square bracket
92 134 5C \ Backslash
93 135 5D ] Right square bracket
94 136 5E ^ Caret
95 137 5F _ Underscore
96 140 60 ` Back quote
97 141 61 a  
98 142 62 b  
99 143 63 c  
100 144 64 d  
101 145 65 e  
102 146 66 f  
103 147 67 g  
104 150 68 h  
105 151 69 i  
106 152 6A j  
107 153 6B k  
108 154 6C l  
109 155 6D m  
110 156 6E n  
111 157 6F o  
112 160 70 p  
113 161 71 q  
114 162 72 r  
115 163 73 s  
116 164 74 t  
117 165 75 u  
118 166 76 v  
119 167 77 w  
120 170 78 x  
121 171 79 y  
122 172 7A z  
123 173 7B { Left curly brace
124 174 7C | Vertical bar
125 175 7D } Right curly brace
126 176 7E ~ Tilde


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