[Chapter 7] 7.2 Summary of Commands by Group

7.2.1 File-handling Commands

C-x C-f	find-file	Find file and read it.
C-x C-v	find-alternate-file	Read another file; replace the one read with C-x C-f.
C-x i	insert-file	Insert file at cursor position.
C-x C-s	save-buffer	Save file (may hang terminal; use C-q to restart).
C-x C-w	write-file	Write buffer contents to file.
C-x C-c	save-buffers-kill-emacs	Exit emacs.
C-z	suspend-emacs	Suspend emacs (use exit or fg to restart).

7.2.2 Cursor Movement Commands

C-f	forward-char	Move forward one character (right).
C-b	backward-char	Move backward one character (left).
C-p	previous-line	Move to previous line (up).
C-n	next-line	Move to next line (down).
M-f	forward-word	Move one word forward .
M-b	backward-word	Move one word backward .
C-a	beginning-of-line	Move to beginning of line.
C-e	end-of-line	Move to end of line.
M-a	backward-sentence	Move backward one sentence.
M-e	forward-sentence	Move forward one sentence.
M-[	backward-paragraph	Move backward one paragraph.
M-]	forward-paragraph	Move forward one paragraph.
C-v	scroll-up	Move forward one screen.
M-v	scroll-down	Move backward one screen.
C-x [	backward-page	Move backward one page.
C-x ]	forward-page	Move forward one page.
M->	end-of-buffer	Move to end of file.
M-<	beginning-of-buffer	Move to beginning of file.
(none)	goto-line	Go to line n of file.
(none)	goto-char	Go to character n of file.
C-l	recenter	Redraw screen with current line in the center.
M- n	digit-argument	Repeat the next command n times.
C-u n	universal-argument	Repeat the next command n times.

7.2.3 Deletion Commands

DEL	backward-delete-char	Delete previous character.
C-d	delete-char	Delete character under cursor.
M-DEL	backward-kill-word	Delete previous word.
M-d	kill-word	Delete the word the cursor is on.
C-k	kill-line	Delete from cursor to end of line.
M-k	kill-sentence	Delete sentence the cursor is on.
C-x DEL	backward-kill-sentence	Delete previous sentence.
C-y	yank	Restore what you've deleted.
C-w	kill-region	Delete a marked region (see next section).
(none)	backward-kill-paragraph	Delete previous paragraph.
(none)	kill-paragraph	Delete from the cursor to the end of the paragraph.

7.2.4 Paragraphs and Regions

C-@	set-mark-command	Mark the beginning (or end) of a region.
C-SPACE	(same as above)
C-x C-p	mark-page	Mark page.
C-x C-x	exchange-point-and-mark	Exchange location of cursor and mark.
C-x h	mark-whole-buffer	Mark buffer.
M-q	fill-paragraph	Reformat paragraph.
M-q	fill-region	Reformat individual paragraphs within a region.
M-h	mark-paragraph	Mark paragraph.

7.2.5 Stopping and Undoing Commands

C-	keyboard-quit	Abort current command.
C-x u	advertised-undo	Undo last edit (can be done repeatedly).
(none)	revert-buffer	Restore buffer to the state it was in when the file was last saved (or auto-saved).

7.2.6 Transposition Commands

C-t	transpose-chars	Transpose two letters.
M-t	transpose-words	Transpose two words.
C-x C-t	transpose-lines	Transpose two lines.
(none)	transpose-sentences	Transpose two sentences.
(none)	transpose-paragraphs	Transpose two paragraphs.

7.2.7 Capitalization Commands

M-c	capitalize-word	Capitalize first letter of word.
M-u	upcase-word	Uppercase word.
M-l	downcase-word	Lowercase word.
M- - M-c	negative-argument; capitalize-word	Capitalize previous word.
M- - M-u	negative-argument; upcase-word	Uppercase previous word.
M- - M-l	negative-argument; downcase-word	Lowercase previous word.
(none)	capitalize-region	Capitalize region.
C-x C-u	upcase-region	Uppercase region
C-x C-l	downcase-region	Lowercase region.

7.2.8 Incremental Search Commands

C-s	isearch-forward	Start incremental search forward.
C-r	isearch-backward	Start incremental search backward.
Meta	(none)	Exit a successful search.
C-g	keyboard-quit	Cancel incremental search; return to starting point.
DEL	(none)	Delete incorrect character of search string.

7.2.9 Word Abbreviation Commands

(none)	abbrev-mode	Enter (or exit) word abbreviation mode.
C-x -	inverse-add-lobal-abbrev	Type global abbreviation, then definition.
C-x C-h	inverse-add-local-abbrev	Type local abbreviation, then definition.
(none)	unexpand-abbrev	Undo the last word abbreviation.
(none)	write-abbrev-file	Write the word abbreviation file.
(none)	edit-abbrevs	Edit the word abbreviations.
(none)	list-abbrevs	View the word abbreviations.
(none)	kill-all-abbrevs	Kill abbreviations for this session.

7.2.10 Buffer Manipulation Commands

C-x b	switch-to-buffer	Move to specified buffer.
C-x C-b	list-buffers	Display buffer list.
C-x k	kill-buffer	Delete specified buffer.
(none)	kill-some-buffers	Ask about deleting each buffer.
(none)	rename-buffer	Change buffer name to specified name.
C-x s	save-some-buffers	Ask whether to save each modified buffer.

7.2.11 Window Commands

C-x 2	split-window-horizontally	Divide the current window horizontally into two.
C-x 5	split-window-vertically	Divide the current window vertically into two.
C-x >	scroll-right	Scroll the window right.
C-x <	scroll-left	Scroll the window left.
C-x o	other-window	Move to the other window.
C-x 0	delete-window	Delete current window.
C-x 1	delete-other-windows	Delete all windows but this one.
(none)	delete-windows-on	Delete all windows on a given buffer.
C-x ^	enlarge-window	Make window taller.
(none)	shrink-window	Make window shorter.
C-x }	enlarge-window-horizontally	Make window wider.
C-x {	shrink-window-horizontally	Make window narrower.
M-C-v	scroll-other-window	Scroll other window.
C-x 4 f	find-file-other-window	Find a file in the other window.
C-x 4 b	switch-to-buffer-other-window	Select a buffer in the other window.
(none)	compare-windows	Compare two buffers; show first difference.

7.2.12 Special Shell Characters

C-c C-c	interrupt-shell-subjob	Terminate the current job.
C-c C-d	shell-send-eof	End of file character.
C-c C-u	kill-shell-input	Erase current line.
C-c C-w	backward-kill-word	Erase the previous word.
C-c C-z	stop-shell-subjob	Suspend the current job.

7.2.13 Indentation Commands

C-x .	set-fill-prefix	Prepend each line in paragraph with characters from beginning of line up to cursor column; cancel prefix by typing this command in column 1.
(none)	indented-text-mode	Major mode: each tab defines a new indent for subsequent lines.
(none)	text-mode	Exit indented text mode; return to text mode.
M-C-\	indent-region	Indent a region to match first line in region.
M-m	back-to-indentation	Move cursor to first character on line.
M-C-o	split-line	Split line at cursor; indent to column of cursor.
(none)	fill-individual- paragraphs	Reformat indented paragraphs, keeping indentation.

7.2.14 Centering Commands

M-s	center-line	Center line that cursor is on.
(none)	center-paragraph	Center paragraph that cursor is on.
(none)	center-region	Center currently defined region.

7.2.15 Macro Commands

C-x (	start-kbd-macro	Start macro definition.
C-x )	end-kbd-macro	End macro definition.
C-x e	call-last-kbd-macro	Execute last macro defined.
M- n C-x e	digit-argument and call-last-kbd-macro	Execute last macro defined, n times.
C-u C-x (	start-kbd-macro	Execute last macro defined, then add keystrokes.
(none)	name-last-kbd-macro	Name last macro you created (before saving it).
(none)	insert-last-keyboard-macro	Insert the macro you named into a file.
(none)	load-file	Load macro files you've saved.
(none)	macroname	Execute a keyboard macro you've saved.
C-x q	kbd-macro-query	Insert a query in a macro definition.
C-u C-x q	(none)	Insert a recursive edit in a macro definition.
M-C-c	exit-recursive-edit	Exit a recursive edit.

7.2.16 Basic Indentation Commands

M-C-\	indent-region	Indent a region to match first line in region.
M-m	back-to-indentation	Move to first non-blank character on line.
M-^	delete-indentation	Join this line to the previous one.

7.2.17 Detail Information Help Commands

C-h a	command-apropos	What commands involve this concept?
(none)	apropos	What functions and variables involve this concept?
C-h c	describe-key-briefly	What command does this keystroke sequence run?
C-h b	describe-bindings	What are all the key bindings for this buffer?
C-h k	describe-key	What command does this keystroke sequence run, and what does it do?
C-h l	view-lossage	What are the last 100 characters I typed?
C-h w	where-is	What is the key binding for this command?
C-h f	describe-function	What does this function do?
C-h v	describe-variable	What does this variable mean, and what is its value?
C-h m	describe-mode	Tell me about the mode the current buffer is in.
C-h s	describe-syntax	What is the syntax table for this buffer?

7.2.18 Help Commands

C-h t	help-with-tutorial	Run the emacs tutorial.
C-h i	info	Start the info documentation reader.
C-h n	view-emacs-news	View news about updates to emacs.
C-h C-c	describe-copying	View the emacs General Public License.
C-h C-d	describe-distribution	View information on ordering emacs from FSF.
C-h C-w	describe-no-warranty	View the (non-)warranty for emacs.