7.2. Invoking the Shell
The command interpreter for bash can be invoked as follows:
bash [options] [arguments]
bash can execute commands from a terminal
(when -i is specified), from a file
(when the first argument is an executable script), or
from standard input (if no arguments remain or
if -s is specified).
7.2.1. Options
Options that appear here with double hyphens also work when entered
with single hyphens, but the double-hyphen versions are recommended
because they are standard.
- -, --
Treat all subsequent strings as arguments, not options.
- --dump-po-strings
Same as --dump-strings but uses a
special "portable object" format suitable for scripting.
- --dump-strings
For execution in non-English locales, dump all strings that bash translates.
- -c str
Read commands from string str.
- -i
Create an interactive shell (prompt for input).
- --help
Print information about which version of bash is installed, plus a list of
options.
- --login
Behave like a login shell; try to process
/etc/profile on startup. Then process
~/.bash_profile,
~/.bash_login, or ~/.profile
(searching for each file only if the previous file is not
found).
- --nobraceexpansion
Disable brace expansion.
- --noediting
Disable line editing with arrow and control keys.
- --noprofile
Do not process /etc/profile, ~/.bash_profile, ~/.bash_login,
or ~/.profile on startup.
- --norc
Do not process ~/.bashrc on startup.
- -p
Start up as a privileged user; don't process $HOME/.profile.
- --posix
Conform to POSIX standard.
- -r
Restrict users to a very secure, limited environment;
for instance, they cannot change out of the startup directory or use
the > sign to redirect
output.
- --rcfile file
Substitute file for .bashrc on startup.
- --restricted
Same as -r.
- -s
Read commands from standard input;
output from built-in commands goes to file descriptor 1;
all other shell output goes to file descriptor 2.
- -v
Print each line as it is executed (useful for tracing
scripts).
- --verbose
Same as -v.
- --version
Print information about which version of bash is installed.
- -x
Turn on debugging, as described under the -x option to the set built-in command.
- -D
For execution in non-English locales, dump all strings that bash translates.
The remaining options to bash are listed under the
set built-in command.
7.2.2. Arguments
Arguments are assigned, in order, to the positional parameters
$1, $2, and so forth. If the first argument is an executable script,
commands are read from it and remaining arguments are assigned
to $1, $2, and so on.
| | | 7. bash: The Bourne-Again Shell | | 7.3. Syntax |
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