Ubuntu does not impose hardware requirements beyond the requirements of the Linux kernel and the GNU tool-sets. Therefore, any architecture or platform to which the Linux kernel, libc, gcc, etc. have been ported, and for which an Ubuntu port exists, can run Ubuntu.
Rather than attempting to describe all the different hardware configurations which are supported for PowerPC, this section contains general information and pointers to where additional information can be found.
Ubuntu 8.10 supports three major architectures and several variations of each architecture known as “flavors”. Three other architectures (HP PA-RISC, Intel ia64, and IBM/Motorola PowerPC) have unofficial ports.
| Architecture | Ubuntu Designation | Subarchitecture | Flavor |
|---|---|---|---|
| Intel x86-based | i386 | ||
| AMD64 & Intel EM64T | amd64 | ||
| HP PA-RISC | hppa | PA-RISC 1.1 | 32 |
| PA-RISC 2.0 | 64 | ||
| Intel IA-64 | ia64 | ||
| IBM/Motorola PowerPC | powerpc | CHRP | chrp |
| PowerMac | pmac | ||
| Sun SPARC | sparc | sun4u | sparc64 |
| sun4v |
There are four major supported powerpc subarchitectures: PMac (Power-Macintosh or PowerMac), PReP, APUS (Amiga Power-UP System), and CHRP machines. Each subarchitecture has its own boot methods. In addition, there are four different kernel flavours, supporting different CPU variants.
Ports to other powerpc architectures, such as the Be-Box and MBX architecture, are underway but not yet supported by Ubuntu. We may have a 64-bit port in the future.
There are two flavours of the powerpc kernel in Ubuntu, based on the CPU type:
- powerpc
-
Most systems use this kernel flavour, which supports the PowerPC 601, 603, 604, 740, 750, and 7400 processors. All Apple PowerMac machines up to and including the one marketed as G4 use one of these processors.
- powerpc64
-
The powerpc64 kernel flavour supports the following CPUs:
The POWER3 processor is used in older IBM 64-bit server systems: known models include the IntelliStation POWER Model 265, the pSeries 610 and 640, and the RS/6000 7044-170, 7043-260, and 7044-270.
The POWER4 processor is used in more recent IBM 64-bit server systems: known models include the pSeries 615, 630, 650, 655, 670, and 690.
Systems using the Apple G5 (PPC970FX processor) are also based on the POWER4 architecture, and use this kernel flavour.
Apple (and briefly a few other manufacturers — Power Computing, for example) made a series of Macintosh computers based on the PowerPC processor. For purposes of architecture support, they are categorized as NuBus (not supported by Ubuntu), OldWorld, and NewWorld.
OldWorld systems are most Power Macintoshes with a floppy drive and a PCI bus. Most 603, 603e, 604, and 604e based Power Macintoshes are OldWorld machines. Those pre-iMac PowerPC models from Apple use a four digit naming scheme, except for the beige colored G3 systems, which are also OldWorld.
The so called NewWorld PowerMacs are any PowerMacs in translucent colored plastic cases and later models. That includes all iMacs, iBooks, G4 systems, blue colored G3 systems, and most PowerBooks manufactured in and after 1999. The NewWorld PowerMacs are also known for using the “ROM in RAM” system for MacOS, and were manufactured from mid-1998 onwards.
Specifications for Apple hardware are available at AppleSpec, and, for older hardware, AppleSpec Legacy.
| Model Name/Number | Generation | |
|---|---|---|
| Apple | iMac Bondi Blue, 5 Flavors, Slot Loading | NewWorld |
| iMac Summer 2000, Early 2001 | NewWorld | |
| iMac G5 | NewWorld | |
| iBook, iBook SE, iBook Dual USB | NewWorld | |
| iBook2 | NewWorld | |
| iBook G4 | NewWorld | |
| Power Macintosh Blue and White (B&W) G3 | NewWorld | |
| Power Macintosh G4 PCI, AGP, Cube | NewWorld | |
| Power Macintosh G4 Gigabit Ethernet | NewWorld | |
| Power Macintosh G4 Digital Audio, Quicksilver | NewWorld | |
| Power Macintosh G5 | NewWorld | |
| PowerBook G3 FireWire Pismo (2000) | NewWorld | |
| PowerBook G3 Lombard (1999) | NewWorld | |
| PowerBook G4 Titanium | NewWorld | |
| PowerBook G4 Aluminum | NewWorld | |
| Xserve G5 | NewWorld | |
| Performa 4400, 54xx, 5500 | OldWorld | |
| Performa 6360, 6400, 6500 | OldWorld | |
| Power Macintosh 4400, 5400 | OldWorld | |
| Power Macintosh 7200, 7300, 7500, 7600 | OldWorld | |
| Power Macintosh 8200, 8500, 8600 | OldWorld | |
| Power Macintosh 9500, 9600 | OldWorld | |
| Power Macintosh (Beige) G3 Minitower | OldWorld | |
| Power Macintosh (Beige) Desktop, All-in-One | OldWorld | |
| PowerBook 2400, 3400, 3500 | OldWorld | |
| PowerBook G3 Wallstreet (1998) | OldWorld | |
| Twentieth Anniversary Macintosh | OldWorld | |
| Workgroup Server 7250, 7350, 8550, 9650, G3 | OldWorld | |
| Power Computing | PowerBase, PowerTower / Pro, PowerWave | OldWorld |
| PowerCenter / Pro, PowerCurve | OldWorld | |
| UMAX | C500, C600, J700, S900 | OldWorld |
| APS | APS Tech M*Power 604e/2000 | OldWorld |
| Motorola | Starmax 3000, 4000, 5000, 5500 | OldWorld |
| Model Name/Number | |
|---|---|
| Motorola | Firepower, PowerStack Series E, PowerStack II |
| MPC 7xx, 8xx | |
| MTX, MTX+ | |
| MVME2300(SC)/24xx/26xx/27xx/36xx/46xx | |
| MCP(N)750 | |
| IBM RS/6000 | 40P, 43P |
| Power 830/850/860 (6070, 6050) | |
| 6030, 7025, 7043 | |
| p640 | |
NuBus systems are not currently supported by Ubuntu/powerpc. The monolithic Linux/PPC kernel architecture does not have support for these machines; instead, one must use the MkLinux Mach microkernel, which Ubuntu does not yet support. These include the following:
-
Power Macintosh 6100, 7100, 8100
-
Performa 5200, 6200, 6300
-
Powerbook 1400, 2300, and 5300
-
Workgroup Server 6150, 8150, 9150
A linux kernel for these machines and limited support is available at http://nubus-pmac.sourceforge.net/.
Macintosh computers using the 680x0 series of processors are not in the PowerPC family but are instead m68k machines. Those models start with “Mac II” series, go on to the “LC” family, then the Centris series, and culminate in the Quadras and Performas. These models usually have a Roman numeral or 3-digit model number such as Mac IIcx, LCIII or Quadra 950.
This model range started with the Mac II (Mac II, IIx, IIcx, IIci, IIsi, IIvi, IIvx, IIfx), then the LC (LC, LCII, III, III+, 475, 520, 550, 575, 580, 630), then the Mac TV, then the Centris (610, 650, 660AV), the Quadra (605, 610, 630, 650, 660AV, 700, 800, 840AV, 900, 950), and finally the Performa 200-640CD.
In laptops, it started with the Mac Portable, then the PowerBook 100-190cs and the PowerBook Duo 210-550c (excluding PowerBook 500 which is Nubus, please see the section above).
Ubuntu's support for graphical interfaces is determined by the underlying support found in X.Org's X11 system. Most AGP, PCI and PCIe video cards work under X.Org. Details on supported graphics buses, cards, monitors, and pointing devices can be found at http://xorg.freedesktop.org/. Ubuntu 8.10 ships with X.Org version 7.3.
Multiprocessor support — also called “symmetric multiprocessing” or SMP — is available for this architecture. However, the standard Ubuntu 8.10 kernel image does not support SMP. This should not prevent installation, since the standard, non-SMP kernel should boot on SMP systems; the kernel will simply use the first CPU.
In order to take advantage of multiple processors, you'll have to replace the standard Ubuntu kernel. You can find a discussion of how to do this in the section called “Compiling a New Kernel”. At this time (kernel version 2.6.25) the way you enable SMP is to select “Symmetric multi-processing support” in the “Platform support” section of the kernel config.
