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Glossary
AMI
Alternate Mark Inversion: A line-code type on T1 and E1 circuits that
shows zeros as "01" during each bit cell, and ones as "11" or "00," alter-
nately, during each bit cell. The sending device must maintain ones density
in AMI but not independently of the data stream. Also known as binary-
coded, alternate mark inversion. Contrast with: B8ZS. See also: ones density.
amplitude
An analog or digital waveform's highest value.
analog
Analog signaling is a technique to carry voice and data over copper
and wireless media. When analog signals are transmitted over wires or
through the air, the transmission conveys information through a variation of
some type of signal amplitude, frequency, and phase.
analog connection
Provides signaling via an infinitely variable wave-
form. This differs from a digital connection, in which a definite waveform is
used to define values. Traditional phone service is an analog connection.
analog transmission
Signal messaging whereby information is repre-
sented by various combinations of signal amplitude, frequency, and phase.
ANSI
American National Standards Institute: The organization of corpo-
rate, government, and other volunteer members that coordinates standards-
related activities, approves U.S. national standards, and develops U.S. posi-
tions in international standards organizations. ANSI assists in the creation of
international and U.S. standards in disciplines such as communications, net-
working, and a variety of technical fields. It publishes over 13,000 standards
for engineered products and technologies ranging from screw threads to net-
working protocols. ANSI is a member of the IEC and ISO.
anycast
An ATM address that can be shared by more than one end system,
allowing requests to be routed to a node that provides a particular service.
AppleTalk
Currently in two versions, the group of communication proto-
cols designed by Apple Computer for use in Macintosh environments. The
earlier Phase 1 protocols support one physical network with only one net-
work number that resides in one zone. The later Phase 2 protocols support
more than one logical network on a single physical network, allowing net-
works to exist in more than one zone. See also: zone.
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