changes, and only when there is a change in the network topology
does it recalculate routes. Hello packets continue to be sent in order
to verify that all the attached links are still connected and did not go
down.
(SRTT), the retransmission timer (RTO), and the hold timer to track
its neighboring routers. The FwdDelay and MaxAge timers are both
used by the Spanning Tree Protocol to keep Layer 2 switches from cre-
ating data loops.
because there is no other feasible successor. If the link goes down,
there is no other redundant link to use.
Both IPX and AppleTalk are examples of routed protocols.
neighbors of changes without sending the entire routing or topology
table.
and always have the smallest administrative distance.
do not want to have routing updates sent out the interface. If routing
updates were sent out of a BRI interface, the interface would never dis-
connect. You can also configure the routing traffic to be uninteresting
traffic to perform a similar function.
lowest metric, would be chosen. Or, if the router has not learned of
any secondary routes, the router will query its neighbors to see if they
know of any routes.