baseband that uses two pairs of twisted-pair, Cate-
gory 3, 4, or 5 cabling--using one pair to send data
and the other to receive. 10BaseT has a distance limit
of about 100 meters per segment.
100Mbps baseband that uses UTP wiring. 100BaseT
sends link pulses (containing more information than
those used in 10BaseT) over the network when no traf-
fic is present.
specification that uses two pairs of UTP or STP wir-
ing. The first pair of wires receives data; the second
pair sends data. To ensure correct signal timing, a
100BaseTX segment cannot be longer than 100
meters.
of the 24 T1 subchannels in this procedure uses one bit
of every sixth frame to send supervisory signaling
information.
from other applications and brings it to the ATM layer
in 48-byte ATM payload segments. CS and SAR are
the two sublayers that form AALs. Currently, the four
types of AAL recommended by the ITU-T are AAL1,
AAL2, AAL3/4, and AAL5. AALs are differentiated
by the source-destination timing they use, whether
they are CBR or VBR, and whether they are used for
connection-oriented or connectionless mode data
transmission.
oriented, time-sensitive services that need constant bit
rates, such as isochronous traffic and uncompressed
video.
oriented services that support a variable bit rate, such
as voice traffic.
ommended by the ITU-T, supporting both connec-
tionless and connection-oriented links. Its primary use
is in sending SMDS packets over ATM networks.
nection-oriented VBR services primarily to transfer
classical IP over ATM and LANE traffic. This least
complex of the AAL recommendations uses SEAL,
offering lower bandwidth costs and simpler process-
ing requirements but also providing reduced band-
width and error-recovery capacities.
addresses to network addresses.
another node in a nonextended AppleTalk network. If
the node ID is not in use, the sending node appropri-
ates that node's ID. If the node ID is in use, the sending
node will select a different ID and then send out more
AARP probe packets.
one of its derived protocols) communication technol-
ogy that supports peer-oriented, point-to-point com-
munications between both stations.
ABRs are used to connect OSPF areas to the OSPF
backbone area.
with access to the internetwork.
information from multiple VLANs.