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Virtual LANs
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switching diagnostics. The 802.1q header differs from the ISL header, in that
only 4 octets are added to the frame, as compared to the 30 added in ISL.
Also, the 802.1q information is not wrapped around the original packet--
the VLAN information is inserted into the frame, following the destination
and source addresses in the original packet. This lack of overhead is another
benefit of 802.1q.
Although most protocol analyzers provide decode filters for 802.1q in
their current releases, administrators should check with their vendor. It is
rare that the problem is directly related to the tag information itself,
although administrators should consider this in researching trunk problems.
Rather, most trunking problems, along with 802.1q, result from misconfig-
uration of the VLANs or mismatches between two sides of the trunk.
Although they serve similar functions, ISL cannot connect to 802.1q on the
same link.
VLAN Trunking Protocol (VTP)
VLAN Trunking Protocol (VTP) is a protocol that uses multicast messages to
inform all other switches in the VTP domain about the VLANs within the
domain. This domain is a management domain that allows control of the VTP
multicast updates. A switch may be configured with three different VTP settings.
VTP Server The server maintains the VLAN information for the VTP
domain. When a change is detected, it is propagated throughout the domain.
Manual manipulation of the VLAN table may be performed on a VTP Server.
Trunk ports are then reconfigured to allow traffic from the new VLAN.
VTP Client The client also maintains a copy of the VLAN information
for the domain. It will transmit any changes to its known VLANs. When
a change is detected, the trunk ports are then reconfigured to allow traffic
from the new VLAN.
VTP Transparent When a switch is in transparent mode, it chooses not
to allow the reconfiguration of the new VLAN. It does, however, continue
to forward VTP advertisements.
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