example of an NSAP address:
recognizes two types of interfaces: network-to-network interfaces (NNIs) and user-to-network
interfaces (UNIs).
interface to a broadband terminal equipment interface (B-TE), a terminal adapter (TA), or a
network termination (NT) device. The NNI is the interface between networks or switches. The
network interface can be used for private or public networks.
network. A private UNI is used to interconnect an ATM user with an ATM switch that is
managed as part of the same network. The primary distinction between these two classes of UNI
is physical reach. There are several differences between the interfaces, but the primary
distinction between these two classes of UNI is the reach of the network. Both UNIs share a
common ATM layer specification but may use different physical media. Facilities that connect
users to switches in public central offices must be capable of covering long distances. Private
switching equipment can use limited distance technologies and can often be located in the same
room as the user device.
experienced congestion. Even without defining it, you know it when you see it, and it is always
a bad thing. If you commute to work on a busy freeway, you have quite likely experienced
congestion. If you work at home, you might have experienced congestion in checkout lines at
the supermarket or at ticket lines at a movie theater. If you hear about these kinds of problems
only from your chauffeur, butler, and hired staff, you might have experienced nasal congestion
from a stuffy nose.
occurs when bandwidth demand requests from the user exceed the available bandwidth.
Whenever the total input rate is greater than the output link capacity, congestion occurs. When
an ATM circuit is congested, the user does not get the quality of service that is described in the
service contract.