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Appendix A: Answers to the "Do I Know This Already?" Quizzes and Q&A Sections
6
What does CDP stand for?
Cisco Discovery Protocol. CDP is Cisco proprietary and is not dependent on a particular
Layer 3 protocol to be configured and working.
7
What does the NV stand for in NVRAM?
Nonvolatile. NVRAM is used for storing the startup configuration file used when the
router is brought up. NVRAM is battery-powered if it is really RAM. In some routers,
Cisco has (sneakily) used a small portion of Flash memory for the purpose of NVRAM,
but Cisco would not ask such trivia on the test.
8
Name two commands used to view the configuration that is currently used in a router.
Which one is a more recent addition to the IOS?
write terminal
and
show running-config
. The newer command is
show running-config
and, hopefully, is easier to remember.
9
What two methods could a router administrator use to cause a router to load the IOS
stored in ROM?
Setting the configuration register boot field to binary 0001, or adding
boot system rom
to the configuration file and copying it to the startup configuration file. To set the
configuration register to hex 2101, which would yield binary 0001 in the boot field, the
config-register 0x2101
global configuration command would be used.
10
What is the process used to update the contents of Flash memory so that a new IOS in a
file called c4500-d-mz.120-5.bin, on TFTP server 128.1.1.1, is copied into Flash
memory?
copy tftp flash
. The other details, namely the IP address of the TFTP server and the file
name, are requested via prompts to the user.
11
Two different IOS files are in a router's Flash memory: one called c2500-j-l.111-3.bin and
one called c2500-j-l.112-14.bin. Which one does the router use when it boots up? How
could you force the other IOS file to be used? Without looking at the router configuration,
what command could be used to discover which file was used for the latest boot of the
router?
The first IOS file listed in the
show flash
command is the one used at reload time, unless
a boot system command is configured. The configuration command
boot system flash
xyz123.bin
would override the order of the files in Flash memory. The
show version
command displays the file name of the IOS for the latest reload of a router. The
show
version
output tells you the version as well as the name of the file that was used at the last
reload. This information is particularly difficult to find in the output of the command;
watch for three lines, separated by empty lines above and below. The IOS file loaded is in
one of those messages.
apA.fm Page 702 Monday, March 20, 2000 5:24 PM