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534 Chapter 8: WAN Protocols and Design
NOTE
RFC 1490 has been superceded by RFC 2427. You probably will want to remember both
numbers, particularly the older 1490 because it is referred to often in documentation from Cisco
and other vendors.
Figure 8-6 provides a conceptual diagram of the two forms of encapsulation. Because the
frames flow from DTE to DTE, both DTEs must agree to the encapsulation used
. However, each
VC can use a different encapsulation.
Figure 8-6
Cisco and RFC 1490/2427 Encapsulations
DLCI Addressing and Frame Relay Switching
The data link connection identifier (DLCI) is the Frame Relay address. DLCIs, not DTEs, are
used to address virtual circuits. The logic and use of these addresses is very different from the
addresses seen for other protocols covered in this book. This difference is mainly due to the use
of the DLCI and the fact that there is a single DLCI field in the header--there is not a source
and destination DLCI.
DLCIs are used to address the virtual circuit (VC); the logic behind the way routers use DLCI
values is subtle. For example, in Figure 8-7, Router A has a VC to both Router B and Router C;
Router A will need to use a different DLCI for each VC. The Frame Relay switches swap the
DLCI in transit. For example, Router A sends a frame with DLCI 41, expecting that it will be
delivered to Router B. Likewise, Router A sends frames with DLCI 42 when it wants the frame
to be delivered to Router C.
LAPF
header
LAPF
trailer
Later added to
Q.933-E and T1.617-F;
includes Protocol Type
Field
RFC
1490
Packet
LAPF
header
CISCO
LAPF
trailer
Packet
Includes
DLCI
ch08.fm Page 534 Monday, March 20, 2000 5:17 PM