currently active path through a bridged network. Spanning Tree uses the following features to
accomplish the goal:
The forwarding interfaces are considered to be a part of the Spanning Tree.
until one is considered best by all. All root bridge interfaces are in forwarding state.
bridge. Each bridge can receive more than one such message on its interfaces, but the port
in which the least-cost CBPDU is received is called the root port of a bridge, and that port
is placed in forwarding state.
That bridge is the designated bridge for that segment. That bridge's interface on that
segment is placed in forwarding state.
copies of these CBPDUs so that they know that nothing has changed. Hello time is defined
in the CBPDU itself, so all bridges use the same value.
the Spanning Tree to change. The reaction can vary from topology to topology. (MaxAge
is defined in the CBPDU itself, so all bridges use the same value.)
versa, depending on the change in the network. If moving from blocking to forwarding,
the interim listening state is entered first. After Forward Delay time (another timer defined
in the root CBPDU), the state is changed to learning. After another Forward Delay time,
the interface is placed in forwarding state.
occur.
CCNAs to have a solid command of VLAN concepts.) The VLAN is created via configuration
in the switch, or possibly configuration referred to by the switch but residing in some external
server (for example, using VLAN Membership Policy Server [VMPS]). If a design calls for