logging buffered command, 33
logging host command, 33
logging synchronous command, 33
Logical Link Control (LLC), 94
login command, 29
loops (routing), 230
detecting with PPP, 525
distance vector routing protocols, 365
flash updates, 372
LANs, 158159
triggered updates, 372
troubleshooting, 367373, 418
bit order, 139
broadcast addresses, 138
components, 138
dynamic, 182
features, 139
format, 139
functional addresses, 138
LAAs, 138
LAN card addressing, 138
mapping to IP addresses, 226227
multicast addresses, 138
OUI, 138
permanent, 182
restricted-static entries, 182
standard IPX access list concerns, 483
switch ports, limiting associations with,
unicast, 138
switches
sample output, 183
mac-address-table restricted command, 183
mac-address-table restricted static command, 178
magic numbers (looped link detection), 525
maps (Frame Relay), 543548
masks
Class B networks, 236, 316
Class C networks, 236, 316
network masks, 236, 315
Class B networks, 239
Class C networks, 239
information, entering, 674
RIP-1/IGRP issues, 383385
maximum transmission unit,
MD5 (Message Digest 5), 574
Media Access Control,
verifying contents of, 50
RAM, 26
ROM, 27
routers, 56
metrics
IGRP, 373, 377378
infinite, 371
IP routes, displaying, 657
IPX RIP, 658
IPX routes, displaying, 657
RIP, 364, 373
ticks, 403
MTU (maximum transmission unit), IP packets,
multicast addresses, 97, 138